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Peptides are used ubiquitously for studies in biology, biochemistry, chemical biology, peptide based medicinal chemistry, and many other areas of research. There is a number of marketed peptide drugs, and the prospects for the development of new peptide drugs are very encouraging.  The second edition of  Peptide Synthesis and Applications expands upon the previous editions with current, detailed methodologies for peptide synthesis. With new chapters on laboratory protocols for both the specialist and the non-specialist. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.   Authoritative and practical, Peptide Synthesis and Application, Second Edition seeks to aid scientists in understanding different approaches to the synthesis of peptides by using a broad range of methods and strategies.

Biochemistry. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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In Peptide Modifications to Increase Metabolic Stability and Activity, expert researchers in the field provide summarized methods for preparation, purification of modified peptides, and assessment of their biochemical activities. These methods and protocols include preparation of conformationally constrained peptides, modification of peptide bonds, introduction of nonproteinogenic amino acids, and alteration of peptides’ physical and biological properties by modification of the amino acid side chains and/or terminal residues. With additional chapter that describes new experimental approach for the detection of exogenous peptides within living cells using peptides labeled with heavy isotopes and confocal Raman microscopy. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.   Authoritative and practical, Peptide Modifications to Increase Metabolic Stability and Activity seeks to provide scientists with alternative approaches to peptide modification that many researchers may find applicable to their specific research requirements.

Biochemistry. --- Nucleic acids. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Nucleic Acid Chemistry. --- Polynucleotides --- Biomolecules --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Chemokines constitute a large family of structurally similar cytokines that contain a signature of conserved cysteine residues joined by disulfide bridges.  Binding of chemokines to specific G protein-coupled receptors followed by downstream signaling defines their biological function.  Initially, chemoattraction was the key function linked to chemokines/chemokine receptors; however, in recent years, it has become clear that chemokine ligand-receptor interactions can also modulate cellular activation, survival, and proliferation, among other functions in homeostatic and diseased states.  Importantly, major advances in our understanding of chemokine biology have led to chemokine receptors becoming specific therapeutic targets with great potential.  In Chemokines: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers provide practical information regarding experimental models and state of the art protocols used to delineate chemokine/chemokine receptor function and their applications in health and disease.  Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.   Practical and easy to use, Chemokines: Methods and Protocols aims to reveal key protocols of functional and descriptive chemokine ligand/receptor assays that will be of practical significance to graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, trainees, and researchers in academia and industry.

Biochemistry. --- Proteomics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Molecular biology --- Proteins --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful and rapid tool for performing complex analyses of a number of different molecular species ranging from small inorganic ions to large nucleic acid fragments and proteins. It is quickly becoming established as a useful tool in clinical medicine due to its consumption of minute samples (less than a microlitre), low reagent costs, and extreme sensitivity, depending upon the source of detection used.  Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis aims to give an in-depth manual of CE applications in several important areas of clinical science.  Divided into seven sections, this volume provides a brief overview of how CE has been applied in clinical settings, followed by several chapters on CE analysis of important diagnostic molecules and biofluids, as well as descriptions of applications in clinical chemistry, hematology, bacteriology, virology, disease-associated biomarker discovery, immunology and genetic analysis. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis seeks to serve as a valuable source of information not only for clinical pathologists, but also clinical scientists who wish to apply the technique to diagnosis and research.

Biochemistry. --- Electrophoresis. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cataphoresis --- Electrochemistry --- Phase partition --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition

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Whether the pursuit is commercially motivated or purely academic, engineering a novel biological catalyst is an enticing challenge. High-resolution protein structure analysis allows for rational alteration of enzyme function, yet many useful enzyme variants are the product of well-designed selection schemes or screening strategies. Enzyme Engineering: Methods and Protocols provides guidance to investigators wishing to create enzyme variants with desired properties. This detailed volume covers such topics as a simple method for generating site-specific mutations within bacterial chromosomes. It also highlights the engineering of two difference types of rare-cutting endonucleases that show great potential in gene therapy applications: The newest development is the emergence of TAL effector nucleases or TALENs. Chapters describe newly developed technologies in sufficient detail so that each method can be practiced in a standard molecular biology laboratory. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.   Authoritative and easily accessible Enzyme Engineering: Methods and Protocols will be valuable for scientists with a budding interest in protein engineering as well as veterans looking for new approaches to apply in established discovery programs.

Biochemistry. --- Enzymes. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Enzymology. --- Biocatalysts --- Ferments --- Soluble ferments --- Catalysts --- Proteins --- Enzymology --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Biology --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Composition