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Addressing the problem of the relationship between pagans and Christians cannot be separated from assessing the nature of the relationship that linked or divided the members of two very different religions. Te model of conflict has been disseminated by the Hungarian scholar András Alföldi, who in 1934 presented a Christian Constantine in irreconcilable conflict with a pagan Rome and later (most notably in 1958, in a seminar conference at the Warburg Institute) consolidated the idea of a conflictual model in which the aristocracy of Rome, faced with a tightening of measures against traditional cults, realized a real "pagan revival", to raise against Teodosius I "the last pagan army of the ancient world". This model was subjected to a massive critique by Alan Cameron ('The Last Pagans of Rome', Oxford 2011), but was powerfully restated by Stéphane Ratti ('Polémique entre païens et chrétiens. Histoire', Paris 2012). The debate, then, in the course of less than a year, has gained new, effervescent relevance.

Paganism --- Christianity and other religions --- History, Ancient --- Paganisme --- Christianisme --- Histoire ancienne --- Roman --- Relations --- Religion romaine --- Cameron, Alan, --- Rome --- Religion --- Church history --- Frühchristentum. --- Heidentum. --- Ablösung. --- Römisches Reich. --- Religion. --- Cameron, Alan --- Congresses --- Historiography --- Christianity --- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600 A.D. --- History [Ancient ]

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As Christian leaders in the first through fifth centuries embraced ascetic interpretations of the Bible and practices of sexual renunciation, sexual slander-such as the accusations Paul leveled against wayward Gentiles in the New Testament-played a pivotal role in the formation of early Christian identity. In particular, the imagined construct of the lascivious, literal-minded Jew served as a convenient foil to the chaste Christian ideal. Susanna Drake examines representations of Jewish sexuality in early Christian writings that use accusations of carnality, fleshliness, bestiality, and licentiousness as strategies to differentiate the "spiritual" Christian from the "carnal" Jew. Church fathers such as Justin Martyr, Hippolytus of Rome, Origen of Alexandria, and John Chrysostom portrayed Jewish men variously as dangerously hypersexual, at times literally seducing virtuous Christians into heresy, or as weak and effeminate, unable to control bodily impulses or govern their wives. As Drake shows, these carnal caricatures served not only to emphasize religious difference between Christians and Jews but also to justify increased legal constraints and violent acts against Jews as the interests of Christian leaders began to dovetail with the interests of the empire. Placing Christian representations of Jews at the root of the destruction of synagogues and mobbing of Jewish communities in the late fourth and early fifth centuries, Slandering the Jew casts new light on the intersections of sexuality, violence, representation, and religious identity.

Sex --- Christianity and other religions --- Judaism --- Church history --- Sexualité --- Christianisme --- Judaïsme --- Eglise --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- History --- Relations --- Aspect religieux --- Histoire des doctrines --- Histoire --- Frühchristentum. --- Leiblichkeit. --- Verunglimpfung. --- Antijudaismus. --- Sexualverhalten. --- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600. --- Sexualité --- Judaïsme --- Gender (Sex) --- Human beings --- Human sexuality --- Sex (Gender) --- Sexual behavior --- Sexual practices --- Sexuality --- Sexology --- Apostolic Church --- Church, Apostolic --- Early Christianity --- Early church --- Primitive and early church --- Primitive Christianity --- Fathers of the church --- Great Apostasy (Mormon doctrine) --- History. --- Jews --- Religions --- Semites --- Religion --- Ancient Studies. --- Jewish Studies. --- Religion. --- Religious Studies.