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Fatigue can have a major impact on an individual's performance and well-being, yet is poorly understood, even within the scientific community. There is no developed theory of its origins or functions, and different types of fatigue (mental, physical, sleepiness) are routinely confused. The widespread interpretation of fatigue as a negative consequence of work may be true only for externally imposed goals; meaningful or self-initiated work is rarely tiring and often invigorating. In the first book dedicated to the systematic treatment of fatigue for over sixty years, Robert Hockey examines its many aspects - social history, neuroscience, energetics, exercise physiology, sleep and clinical implications - and develops a new motivational control theory, in which fatigue is treated as an emotion having a fundamental adaptive role in the management of goals. He then uses this new perspective to explore the role of fatigue in relation to individual motivation, working life and well-being.

Fatigue --- Fatigue. --- Exhaustion --- Lassitude --- Tiredness --- Weariness --- Physiology --- Symptoms --- Rest --- Health Sciences --- Psychiatry & Psychology

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In the past few decades, the humanities and social sciences have developed new methods of reorienting their conceptual frameworks in a 'world without frontiers'. In this book, Bernadette M. Baker offers an innovative approach to rethinking sciences of mind as they formed at the turn of the twentieth century, via the concerns that have emerged at the turn of the twenty-first. The less-visited texts of Harvard philosopher and psychologist William James provide a window into contemporary debates over principles of toleration, anti-imperial discourse and the nature of ethics. Baker revisits Jamesian approaches to the formation of scientific objects including the child mind, exceptional mental states and the ghost to explore the possibilities and limits of social scientific thought dedicated to mind development and discipline formation around the construct of the West.

James, William, --- Dzhems, Uilʹi︠a︡m, --- Jaymz, Vīlyām, --- جىمز، وىلىام --- Health Sciences --- Psychiatry & Psychology

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Drawing on philosophy, the history of psychology and the natural sciences, this book proposes a new theoretical foundation for the psychology of the life course. It features the study of unique individual life courses in their social and cultural environment, combining the perspectives of developmental and sociocultural psychology, psychotherapy, learning sciences and geronto-psychology. In particular, the book highlights semiotic processes, specific to human development, that allow us to draw upon past experiences, to choose among alternatives and to plan our futures. Imagination is an important outcome of semiotic processes and enables us to deal with daily constraints and transitions, and promotes the transformation of social representation and symbolic systems - giving each person a unique style, or 'melody', of living. The book concludes by questioning the methodology and epistemology of current life course studies.

Developmental psychology. --- Development (Psychology) --- Developmental psychobiology --- Psychology --- Life cycle, Human --- Health Sciences --- Psychiatry & Psychology

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Beispielreich baut das Buch Schritt für Schritt die statistischen Grundlagen moderner Datenanalysen auf. Im Gegensatz zu anderen einführenden Werken legt dieses Buch großen Wert auf einen großen Bogen, einen roten Faden, der alle Methoden zusammenführt. Dabei werden klassische statistische Methoden (etwa t-Test oder multiple Regression) als Spezialfall des Generalisierten Linear Modells entwickelt. Entsprechend legt das Buch zunächst eine Grundlage in beschreibender Statistik, Verteilungen und maximum likelihood, aus der dann alle anderen Verfahren abgeleitet werden (ANOVA, multiple Regression). Jeder Schritt ist auf zwei Kapitel verteilt: Im ungradzahligen Kapitel wird anhand von vielen Beispielen und Abbildungen die Idee der statistischen Herangehensweise erläutert. Im sich daran anschließenden gradzahligen Kapitel wird die Umsetzung in der freien Statistiksoftware R gezeigt. Ein Kapitel zur Wissenschafts- und Forschungstheorie und eines zum Design von Experimenten und Stichprobeverfahren komplettiert dieses einleitende Werk. Das Buch legt großen Wert auf Verständlichkeit und Umsetzung. Mathematische Herleitungen treten demgegenüber stark in den Hintergrund. Jedes Kapitel hat ausgewiesene Lerninhalte, die durch Übungen zu jedem R-Kapitel geprüft werden können. Ein ausführliches Schlagwortverzeichnis inklusive der R-Funktionen macht das Buch auch als Nachschlagewerk nutzbar.

Statistics . --- Ecology . --- Statistics for Life Sciences, Medicine, Health Sciences. --- Theoretical Ecology/Statistics.

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Since the early nineteenth century, mesmerists, mediums and psychics have exhibited extraordinary phenomena. These have been demonstrated, reported and disputed by every modern generation. We continue to wonder why people believe in such things, while others wonder why they are dismissed so easily. Extraordinary Beliefs takes a historical approach to an ongoing psychological problem: why do people believe in extraordinary phenomena? It considers the phenomena that have been associated with mesmerism, spiritualism, psychical research and parapsychology. By drawing upon conjuring theory, frame analysis and discourse analysis, it examines how such phenomena have been made convincing in demonstration and report, and then disputed endlessly. It argues that we cannot understand extraordinary beliefs unless we properly consider the events in which people believe, and what people believe about them. And it shows how, in constructing and maintaining particular beliefs about particular phenomena, we have been in the business of constructing ourselves.

Parapsychology. --- Psychology --- Cognitive Psychology. --- Metaphysics (Parapsychology) --- Paranormal phenomena --- Parapsychology --- Psi (Parapsychology) --- Psychic phenomena --- Psychical research --- Occultism --- Health Sciences --- Psychiatry & Psychology