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La marée noire causée par les installations pétrolières Deepwater Horizon dans le golfe du Mexique en 2010 a rappelé le préjudice écologique incontestable provoqué par les déversements d’hydrocarbures. Cependant, combien vaut un oiseau mort ? Le droit vient-il encadrer la réparation d’un tel préjudice ? Plus généralement, le droit international parvient-il à appréhender les spécificités du dommage environnemental pur ? Ce travail s’attaque à la question – centrale bien que peu étudiée – de l’évaluation de l’atteinte environnementale considérée comme une atteinte aux intérêts collectifs. Faisant état de la fragmentation extrême dont souffre la réparation du dommage écologique pur, et ce malgré sa reconnaissance tacite par le droit international, l’auteur en appelle à la création d’un régime de responsabilité pour les Etats et les exploitants. Ce faisant, elle recommande des révisions de conventions pour une reconnaissance expresse du dommage écologique pur et pour des mesures de restauration qui iraient par-delà les estimations monétaires et utilitaristes de l’environnement, pour prendre en compte les valeurs de non-usage et d’existence. Prix Mariano Garcia Rubio 2012 en droit international.

International Law --- Law, Politics & Government --- International Law - General --- évaluation --- préjudice écologique

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This book addresses fundamental aspects of the concept of public international law in both theory and practice. The argument developed by the author is that, underlying the traditional, horizontal, structure of public international law, a vertical structure of the concept of law may be discerned. This vertical structure is seen unfolding into two, mutually exclusive, frameworks: a framework of obligation, accounting for obligations, and a framework of authorization, accounting for rights. The problem then arising is that a concept of public international law which only admits either rights or obligations cannot be regarded as coherent. The author, however, takes and substantiates the position that coherence can be achieved by suppressing the mutual exclusivity of both frameworks. This move paves the way to formulating the function of public international law in terms of the constituting of international society. Since in public international law the theoretical aspects profoundly affect practice, this book is not only of interest to academics, but also for practitioners, such as officials of foreign offices and international institutions. Dr. Jan-Anne Vos wrote this book as a senior researcher at the T.M.C. Asser Instituut, The Hague, The Netherlands.  .

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