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Dictatorship --- Authoritarianism --- Chile --- History

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Concern with authority is as old as human history itself. Eve's sin was to challenge the authority of God by disobeying his rule. Frank Furedi explores how authority was contested in ancient Greece and given a powerful meaning in Imperial Rome. Debates about religious and secular authority dominated Europe through the Middle Ages and the Reformation. The modern world attempted to develop new foundations for authority - democratic consent, public opinion, science - yet Furedi shows that this problem has remained unresolved, arguing that today the authority of authority is questioned. This historical sociology of authority seeks to explain how the contemporary problems of mistrust and the loss of legitimacy of many institutions are informed by the previous attempts to solve the problem of authority. It argues that the key pioneers of the social sciences (Marx, Durkheim, Simmel, Tonnies and especially Weber) regarded this question as one of the principal challenges facing society.

Authority. --- Political science --- Authoritarianism --- Consensus (Social sciences)

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The critical turn of the neoliberal capitalism in 2000s, 9/11 events and its after-effects, worldly and regional economic crises during the first decade of the 21st century and the repositioning of governments against crises… . The state has become one of the most burning questions of our times regarding its apparently rising power all over the world and it deserves even more attention today than any time. The needed attention should awaken philosophical questionings as well: ‘Putting the state in its place’ cannot be considered out of ethics and oscillating discussions around the state between good and evil. This book aims to be a contribution to the debates as the volume gathers a number of contributions by scholars from around the world who discuss the state in this axis through various examples from different geographies and historical periods.

Political ethics. --- Authoritarianism. --- Good and evil.

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Quelle est la différence entre régime autoritaire et régime totalitaire ? Comment peut-on expliquer la crise de la démocratie libérale en Europe occidentale et la brutalisation des sociétés à partir de 1919 ? Pourquoi les régimes autoritaires et totalitaires ont-ils séduit les populations et suscité leur adhésion ? Se fondant sur les plus récents acquis de l’historiographie, Johann Chapoutot décrypte ici les raisons pour lesquelles les régimes autoritaires et totalitaires ont occupé l’espace politique européen (Allemagne, Italie, France, Autriche, Espagne, Portugal) entre 1919 et 1945. Il se refuse à toute téléologie qui consisterait à voir dans les dictatures européennes de l’entre-deux-guerres un archaïsme ou un recul dans un procès de civilisation amenant nécessairement à la victoire de la démocratie pour montrer au contraire combien autoritarisme et totalitarisme ont bien exercé sur les populations une réelle séduction et suscité une adhésion puissante.

Authoritarianism --- Totalitarianism --- History --- Totalitarisme --- Fascisme --- National-socialisme --- Europe --- Politique et gouvernement --- Authoritarianism - Europe - History - 20th century --- Totalitarianism - History - 20th century

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“It’s not so much what you agree upon, what you write on paper, but something intangible that in the end determines the success of political cooperation,” stated the leader of the Uganda People’s Congress Dr. Olara Otunnu. Hoping to put an end to the dominant-party system of Uganda – where President Yoweri Museveni and his National Resistance Movement had ruled since 1986 – in 2008, four parties of the opposition gathered under the banner of the Inter-Party Cooperation (IPC). Their intention was to field a single candidate for the 2011 general election, but the IPC collapsed five months before the election day. Through an analysis of official documents, media reports and primary data obtained from interviews with party leaders, this ePaper examines the dynamics of the negotiations which led to the formation and collapse of this coalition. It argues that the claims by party leaders that the coalition fell because of disagreements over whether or not to participate in the elections are but a veil to cover the much deeper relationship issues between coalition members, in which the real explanation for the IPC’s demise lies. Through identifying common grounds between former coalition members, this ePaper proposes new avenues for further cooperation between opposition parties. Among the several lessons to be drawn from the IPC’s downfall, the author emphasises the need for confidence building measures, in order to deal with the underlying feelings of mistrust among members.

Government - Non-U.S. --- Law, Politics & Government --- Government - Asia --- authoritarianism --- risks --- State | Nation --- democracy --- governance