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Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) is regarded as the founder of transcendental phenomenology, one of the major traditions to emerge in twentieth-century philosophy. In this book Andrea Staiti unearths and examines the deep theoretical links between Husserl's phenomenology and the philosophical debates of his time, showing how his thought developed in response to the conflicting demands of Neo-Kantianism and life-philosophy. Drawing on the work of thinkers including Heinrich Rickert, Wilhelm Dilthey and Georg Simmel, as well as Husserl's writings on the natural and human sciences that are not available in English translation, Staiti illuminates a crucial chapter in the history of twentieth-century philosophy and enriches our understanding of Husserl's thought. His book will interest scholars and students of Husserl, phenomenology, and twentieth-century philosophy more generally.

Phenomenology. --- Philosophy, Modern --- Husserl, Edmund, --- Husserl, Edmund --- Husserl, Edmond

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Phenomenology. --- Philosophy. --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Philosophy, Modern --- Husserl, Edmund, --- Husserl, Edmund --- Husserl, Edmond

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Seit Parmenides gehört die Frage, wie man auf etwas intentional "gerichtet" sein kann, das nicht existiert, zu den Rätseln der Philosophie. Gemäß einer Lesart besteht das Rätsel darin, ob Intentionalität eine Relation ist. Ist dem aber so und gehört es zur Natur einer Relation, nur zwischen Existierendem bestehen zu können, wie kann es dann eine "intentionale Relation" zwischen einer Entität und einer Non-Entität geben? Muss man, wie etwa Meinong, einen eigenen Status für jedes intentionale Objekt einführen? Oder sollte man eher die Idee aufgeben, Intentionalität sei eine Relation? In diesem Buch wird das Problem der Nicht-Existenz im Kontext dieser Fragen verortet und zum Ausgangspunkt einer Untersuchung von Husserls Phänomenologie bewusster Intentionalität gemacht. So werden z. B. Husserls Deutung von Urteilen über Nicht-Seiendes als Urteile "unter Assumption" und seine Analyse der freien Phantasie untersucht. Husserl wird insgesamt als Nicht-Relationalist gedeutet, der sich als systematisch anschlussfähig an zeitgenössische nicht-relationale Theorien erweist.

Phenomenology --- Nonbeing --- Nothing (Philosophy) --- Husserl, Edmund, --- Intentionality (Philosophy) --- Nonbeing. --- Phenomenology. --- Intentionality (Philosophy). --- Nothing (Philosophy). --- Nothingness (Philosophy) --- Nihilism (Philosophy) --- Ontology --- Non-being --- Philosophy, Modern --- Husserl, Edmund --- Husserl, Edmond --- Husserl, Edmund, - 1859-1938 --- Enigma, judgement, imagination, 20th century.

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The phenomenological approach to the philosophy of mind, as inaugurated by Brentano and worked out in a very sophisticated way by Husserl, has been severely criticized by philosophers within the Wittgensteinian tradition and, implicitly, by Wittgenstein himself. Their criticism is, in the epistemological regard, directed against introspectionism, and in the ontological regard, against an internalist and qualia-friendly, non-functionalist (or: broadly dualistic/idealistic) conception of the mind. The book examines this criticism in detail, looking at the writings of Wittgenstein, Ryle, Hacker, Dennett, and other authors, reconstructing their arguments, and pointing out where they fall short of their aim. In defending Husserl against his Wittgensteinian critics, the book also offers a comprehensive fresh view of phenomenology as a philosophy of mind. In particular, Husserl's non-representationalist theory of intentionality is carefully described in its various aspects and elucidated also with respect to its development, taking into account writings from various periods of Husserl's career. Last but not least, the book shows Wittgensteinianism to be one of the effective roots of the present-day hegemony of physicalism.

Theory of knowledge --- Husserl, Edmund --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig --- Phenomenology. --- Philosophy of mind. --- Phénoménologie --- Philosophie de l'esprit --- Husserl, Edmund, --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig, --- Mind, Philosophy of --- Mind, Theory of --- Theory of mind --- Wei-tʻe-ken-ssu-tʻan, --- Wei-tʻe-ken-ssu-tʻan, Lu-te-wei-hsi, --- Wittgenstein, L. --- Vitgenshteĭn, L., --- Wei-ken-ssu-tʻan, --- Pitʻŭgensyutʻain, --- Vitgenshteĭn, Li︠u︡dvig, --- Weitegenshitan, --- Wittgenstein, Ludovicus, --- Vitgenshtaĭn, Ludvig, --- ויטגנשטיין, לודוויג --- 维特根斯坦, --- Husserl, Edmond --- Philosophy, Modern --- Philosophy --- Cognitive science --- Metaphysics --- Philosophical anthropology --- Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johann, --- Edmund Husserl. --- Ludwig Wittgenstein. --- Philosophy of Mind.