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[2e éd.] La question des inégalités est au coeur de la vie politique française. On a dit et écrit tout et son contraire sur ce sujet. La somme proposée ici sera, sans conteste, l'ouvrage de référence sur la question. Ce livre dresse le tableau d'un siècle d'inégalités. Il montre que, contrairement à une idée reçue, l'inégalité des salaires et restée sensiblement la même en France tout au long du XXème siècle : le pouvoir d'achat a été multiplié par 5, mais la hiérarchie n'a pratiquement pas changé. L'inégalité totale des revenus a fortement diminué au cours des années 1914-1945, mais cette baisse est due pour l'essentiel aux chocs subis par les revenus du capital (destructions, inflation, crise des années 1930), et non pas à un processus économique « naturel ». La concentration des fortunes et des revenus du capital n'a par la suite jamais retrouvé le niveau astronomique qui était le sien à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale, ce qui semble s'expliquer par l'impact de l'impôt progressif sur l'accumulation et la reconstitution de patrimoines importants. En l'absence de ces chocs et de l'impôt progressif, il est probable que la France n'aurait pas quitté de sitôt le sommet inégalitaire du début du siècle. Thomas Piketty, qui se fonde notamment sur une exploitation systématique de sources fiscales permettant de couvrir l'ensemble du siècle (déclarations de revenus, de salaires et de successions), analyse également comment les perceptions de ces inégalités ont évolué de 1901 à 1998 (« fin des rentiers », « montée des cadres », etc..). La question des inégalités apparaît alors comme une véritable grille de lecture de l'histoire générale de la France au XXème siècle.
Income distribution --- Income tax --- Income --- Equality
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The recent recession has had a substantial impact on income, the amount of taxes owed, and average tax rates. In this book, the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) extends its estimates of the distribution of household income and federal taxes through 2008 and 2009, the latest year for which comprehensive data are available, and compares those estimates with estimates for 2007 and for the 1979-2009 period. This book also presents the CBO's estimates of the distribution of household income and federal taxes in 2010, and it compares those estimates with estimates for the preceding three decades. Furthermore, this book discusses the effects of changes in tax rules on the distribution of federal taxes in 2013--Publisher's website.
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The current social security systems in Europe have not been able to deal with increased traditional and new risks such as unemployment or work-life balance. One suggested solution to this problem has gained more popular and academic support in recent years: the idea of a universal, unconditional basic income (UBI). This study, therefore, examines whether and how UBI could support social security systems in the UK, Germany and Sweden in order to achieve their aims and fulfill their functions. Since effectiveness and efficiency describe the functionality of social security systems, the study
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This note develops a definition of a new category of countries (Low Income Developing Countries (acronym: LIDCs)) that can be deployed to (a) facilitate enhanced coverage of low income country issues in the Fund's flagship products and (b) serve as a standardized definition of the "low income country" universe in staff analytical work.1 While use of the proposed definition in analytical work would be encouraged, it would not be required.
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Negative income tax --- Income maintenance programs --- Income --- Negative income tax --- Revenu minimum d'insertion --- Revenu
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Das Lexikon eröffnet einen raschen Zugang zu volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen und zur Zahlungsbilanz: Es weist über die amtliche Statistik weit hinaus.
National income --- Accounting --- German.
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This note develops a definition of a new category of countries (Low Income Developing Countries (acronym: LIDCs)) that can be deployed to (a) facilitate enhanced coverage of low income country issues in the Fund's flagship products and (b) serve as a standardized definition of the "low income country" universe in staff analytical work.1 While use of the proposed definition in analytical work would be encouraged, it would not be required.
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The Daily Telegraph Tax Guide contains everything you need to know about completing a Self-Assessment tax return for 2013/14 including:full details of the new High Income Child Benefit tax chargesection-by-section worked illustrationskey changes from the 2013 Autumn Statement and March 2014 Budgetdealing effectively with HM Revenue & Customswhen and how to file your return and pay your taxFor any taxpayer, whether self-employed, part-time, retired or unemployed, the book is an invaluable resource that can help ensure that you are as tax efficient as possible, offering practical advice, timetab
Income tax --- Taxation --- Taxation.
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Income distribution -- OECD countries. --- National income -- Accounting. --- Business & Economics --- Economic History --- National income --- Income distribution --- Accounting. --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- National accounting --- National income accounting --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income --- Income accounting --- Social accounting
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