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Aztec philosophy. --- Aztecs

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Calendars of Mesoamerican civilisations are subjected to what is categorised as “ritual practices of time”. This book is a comparative explication of rituals of time of four calendars: the Long Count calendar, the 260-day calendar, the 365-day calendar and the 52-years calendar. Building upon a comparative analytical model, the book contributes new theoretical insights about ritual practices and temporal philosophies. This comprehensive investigation analyses how ritual practices are represented and conceptualised in intellectual systems and societies. The temporal ritual practices are systematically analysed in relation to calendar organisation and structure, arithmetic, cosmogony and chronometry, spatial-temporality (cosmology), natural world, eschatology, sociology, politics, and ontology. It is argued that the 260-day calendar has a particular symbolic importance in Mesoamerican temporal philosophies and practices.

Maya calendar. --- Mayas --- Maya philosophy. --- Aztec calendar. --- Aztecs --- Aztec philosophy. --- Calendrier maya --- Philosophie maya --- Calendrier aztèque --- Aztèques --- Philosophie aztèque --- Rites and ceremonies. --- Rites et cérémonies --- Calendrier aztèque --- Aztèques --- Philosophie aztèque --- Rites et cérémonies --- Philosophy, Aztec --- Philosophy, Mexican --- Aztec Indians --- Azteca Indians --- Aztecan Indians --- Mexica Indians --- Tenocha Indians --- Indians of Mexico --- Nahuas --- Calendar, Aztec --- Calendar --- Philosophy, Maya --- Philosophy, Central American --- Calendar, Maya --- Philosophy

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In 1521, the city of Tenochtitlan, magnificent centre of the Aztec empire, fell to the Spaniards and their Indian allies. Inga Clendinnen's account of the Aztecs recreates the culture of that city in its last unthreatened years. It provides a vividly dramatic analysis of Aztec ceremony as performance art, binding the key experiences and concerns of social existence in the late imperial city to the mannered violence of their ritual killings.

Aztecs --- Aztec Indians --- Azteca Indians --- Aztecan Indians --- Mexica Indians --- Tenocha Indians --- Indians of Mexico --- Nahuas --- Social life and customs. --- Rites and ceremonies.

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This book traces the journeys of a stone across the world. From its remote point of origin in the city of Nishapur in eastern Iran, turquoise was traded through India, Central Asia, and the Near East, becoming an object of imperial exchange between the Safavid, Mughal, and Ottoman empires. Along this trail unfolds the story of turquoise--a phosphate of aluminum and copper formed in rocks below the surface of the earth--and its discovery and export as a global commodity. In the material culture and imperial regalia of early modern Islamic tributary empires moving from the steppe to the sown, turquoise was a sacred stone and a potent symbol of power projected in vivid color displays. From the empires of Islamic Eurasia, the turquoise trade reached Europe, where the stone was collected as an exotic object from the East. The Eurasian trade lasted into the nineteenth century, when the oldest mines in Iran collapsed and lost Aztec mines in the Americas reopened, unearthing more accessible sources of the stone to rival the Persian blue.Sky Blue Stone recounts the origins, trade, and circulation of a natural object in the context of the history of Islamic Eurasia and global encounters between empire and nature.

Turquoise mines and mining --- Mineral industries --- Turquoise --- Carbonate minerals --- Precious stones --- Mines and mineral resources --- History. --- aluminum. --- americas. --- aztec mines. --- central asia. --- commerce history. --- commerce. --- copper. --- europe. --- exchange of goods. --- exports. --- global commodities. --- historians. --- historical. --- imperial exchange. --- india. --- iran. --- islamic eurasia. --- material culture. --- middle east. --- mughal empire. --- natural resources. --- near east. --- nishapur. --- ottoman empire. --- phosphates. --- rock formations. --- rocks and minerals. --- sacred stones. --- safavid empire. --- scientists. --- turquoise trade. --- turquoise. --- world history.

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In the wake of the Mexican-American War, competing narratives of religious conquest and re-conquest were employed by Anglo American and ethnic Mexican Californians to make sense of their place in North America. These “invented traditions” had a profound impact on North American religious and ethnic relations, serving to bring elements of Catholic history within the Protestant fold of the United States’ national history as well as playing an integral role in the emergence of the early Chicano/a movement. Many Protestant Anglo Americans understood their settlement in the far Southwest as following in the footsteps of the colonial project begun by Catholic Spanish missionaries. In contrast, Californios—Mexican-Americans and Chicana/os—stressed deep connections to a pre-Columbian past over to their own Spanish heritage. Thus, as Anglo Americans fashioned themselves as the spiritual heirs to the Spanish frontier, many ethnic Mexicans came to see themselves as the spiritual heirs to a southwestern Aztec homeland.

Regionalism --- Space --- Historiography --- Indigenous peoples --- Aztlán. --- Chicomostoc --- Chicomoztoc --- Lugar de las Siete Cuevas --- Place of the Herons --- Place of the Seven Caves --- Aztec mythology --- Aztecs --- Geographical myths --- Mexican Americans --- Aboriginal peoples --- Aborigines --- Adivasis --- Indigenous populations --- Native peoples --- Native races --- Ethnology --- Historical criticism --- History --- Authorship --- Human geography --- Nationalism --- Interregionalism --- Religious aspects. --- Ethnic identity. --- Origin --- Ethnic identity --- Criticism --- Mexico --- California, Southern --- Arkadia (Greece) --- Southern California --- Arcadia (Greece) --- Arkadhía (Greece) --- Αρκαδία (Greece) --- Anáhuac --- Estados Unidos Mexicanos --- Maxico --- Méjico --- Mekishiko --- Meḳsiḳe --- Meksiko --- Meksyk --- Messico --- Mexique (Country) --- República Mexicana --- Stany Zjednoczone Meksyku --- United Mexican States --- United States of Mexico --- מקסיקו --- メキシコ --- Relations --- Ethnic relations. --- Historiography.