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In A Companion to Priesthood and Holy Orders in the Middle Ages , a select group of scholars explain the rise and function of priests and deacons in the Middle Ages. Though priests were sometimes viewed through the lens of function, the medieval priesthood was also defined ontologically–those marked by God who performed the sacraments and confected the Eucharist. While their role grew in importance, medieval priests continued to fulfil the role of preacher, confessor and provider of pastoral care. As the concept of ordination changed theologically the practices and status of bishops, priests and deacons continued to be refined, with many of these medieval discussions continuing to the present day.

Monasticism and religious orders --- Priesthood --- Deacons --- Diaconate --- Church officers --- Clergy --- Deaconesses --- Christian priesthood --- Ordination --- Priests --- Church history --- History --- History.

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In the Afro-Cuban Lukumi religious tradition-more commonly known in the United States as Santería-entrants into the priesthood undergo an extraordinary fifty-three-week initiation period. During this time, these novices-called iyawo-endure a host of prohibitions, including most notably wearing exclusively white clothing. In A Year in White, sociologist C. Lynn Carr, who underwent this initiation herself, opens a window on this remarkable year-long religious transformation. In her intimate investigation of the "year in white," Carr draws on fifty-two in-depth interviews with other participants, an online survey of nearly two hundred others, and almost a decade of her own ethnographic fieldwork, gathering stories that allow us to see how cultural newcomers and natives thought, felt, and acted with regard to their initiation. She documents how, during the iyawo year, the ritual slowly transforms the initiate's identity. For the first three months, for instance, the iyawo may not use a mirror, even to shave, and must eat all meals while seated on a mat on the floor using only a spoon and their own set of dishes. During the entire year, the iyawo loses their name and is simply addressed as "iyawo" by family and friends. Carr also shows that this year-long religious ritual-which is carried out even as the iyawo goes about daily life-offers new insight into religion in general, suggesting that the sacred is not separable from the profane and indeed that religion shares an ongoing dynamic relationship with the realities of everyday life. Religious expression happens at home, on the streets, at work and school. Offering insight not only into Santería but also into religion more generally, A Year in White makes an important contribution to our understanding of complex, dynamic religious landscapes in multicultural, pluralist societies and how they inhabit our daily lives.

Priesthood --- Priests --- Santeria --- Christian priesthood --- Ordination --- Pastors --- Clergy --- Lucumí (Religion) --- Lukumi (Religion) --- Ocha (Religion) --- Regla de Ocha --- Regla Lucumi --- Regla Lukumi --- Santeria (Cult) --- Santeria (Cultus) --- Cults --- Santeria. --- Training of