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En 1497, après une longue période de protection et de faste, les juifs portugais furent forcés de se convertir au christianisme, comme le voulait le roi dom Manuel. Cette date marque le début d'une histoire fascinante et double. D'un côté, l'histoire de la culture clandestine des marranes, sans cesse menacée par l'implacable et bureaucratique Inquisition, mais pourtant tenace, à tel point qu'on a pu en observer certaines survivances au XXe siècle dans des contrées reculées du pays.De l'autre, celle d'une fuite secrète du royaume, d'une diaspora éclatée aux quatre coins du monde, caractérisée par une homogénéité remarquable et cultivant une nostalgie étrange envers une patrie lointaine et irréversiblement disparue. L'avers et le revers d'une histoire confisquée, qui s'est prolongée durant plus de trois siècles, jusqu'à ce que la révolution libérale de 1820 permette à quelques petites communautés de revenir s'installer au Portugal.L'histoire des juifs portugais est celle d'un entêtement. Elle montre comment s'est construite et perpétuée l'identité d'une nation, en dépit des atteintes successives portées à sa religion, à son territoire, à sa langue et à ses traditions. Une nation dont les enfants se sont appelés Gracia Nasi, Samuel Usque, Pedro Nunes, Baruch Spinoza ou, plus près de nous, Pierre Mendès France et qui, avant l'émergence du nationalisme moderne, incarne l'une des plus étonnantes "victoires de l'histoire sur la géographie".Ce livre, d'une lecture aisée, en donne pour la première fois un aperçu d'ensemble.

Jews --- Jews --- Marranos --- Portugal

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Jews --- History

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The exploring and defining of identities and societal cultures is a tenuous task at best. With that in mind, this book explores the development of the Jewish community of Leeds, England, and investigates the sense of community developed by its members. The Jewish community of Leeds offers itself as a valuable tool in assessing identity change, both real and perceived. Their varied experiences are not the sole focus of the book, as it also explores their retention of common Judaism and what became of a rich culture when confronted by alien ideas and attitudes. The period spanning the 1880's

Jews --- History.

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Jews --- History.

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"Up until the advent of Nasser and the 1956 War, a thriving and diverse Jewry lived in Egypt - mainly in the two cities of Alexandria and Cairo, heavily influencing the social and cultural history of the country. Histories of the Jews of Egypt argues that this Jewish diaspora should be viewed as "an imagined bourgeoisie". It demonstrates how, from the late nineteenth century up to the 1950s, a resilient imaginary bourgeois developed and influenced the lives of Egyptian Jews both in the public arena, in institutions such as the school, and in the home. From the schools of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and the Cairo lycée français to Alexandrian marriage contracts and interwar Zionist newspapers - this book explains how this imaginary was characterised by a great capacity to adapt to the evolutions of late nineteenth and early twentieth century Egypt, but later deteriorated alongside increasingly strong Arab nationalism and the political upheavals that the country experienced from the 1940s onwards. Offering a novel perspective on the history of modern Egypt and its Jews, and unravelling too often forgotten episodes and personalities which contributed to the making of an incredibly diverse and lively Jewish diaspora at the crossroads of Europe and the Middle East, this book is of interest to scholars of Modern Egypt, Jewish History and of Mediterranean History"-- "This book covers the period from the 1880s up to the early 1950s, offering a complete overview of the decades during which the Jewish community of Egypt consolidated, flourished and then rapidly declined"--

Jews --- Jews --- Judaism --- Judaism --- Egypt