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Religions of foreign origin have shaped Chinese cultural history much stronger than generally assumed and continue to have impact on Chinese society in varying regional degrees. The essays collected in the present volume put a special emphasis on these "foreign" and less familiar aspects of Chinese religion. Apart from an introductory article on Daoism (the prototypical autochthonous religion of China), the volume reflects China's encounter with religions of the so-called Western Regions, starting from the adoption of Indian Buddhism to early settlements of religious minorities from the Near East (Islam, Christianity, and Judaism) and the early modern debates between Confucians and Christian missionaries. Contemporary religious minorities, their specific social problems, and their regional diversities are discussed in the cases of Abrahamitic traditions in China.

E-books --- Religion & beliefs --- China --- China. --- Religion --- History --- 1949 --- -BNKhAU --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Catay --- Cathay --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chine --- Chinese National Government --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Chung-kuo --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Cina --- Činská lidová republika --- Dumdad Uls --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Erets Sin --- Jhonggu --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- Khi͡atad --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Kin --- Kitad --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- Kitajska --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- National Government --- P.R.C. --- P.R. China --- People's Republic of China --- PR China --- PRC --- Republic --- Republic of China --- República Popular China --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- République Populaire de Chine --- RRC --- RRT --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- VR China --- VRChina --- Zhong guo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhonghuaminguo --- Kinë --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Kitaĭ --- Sin --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Думдад Улс --- China (Republic : 1949- )

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World politics --- China --- Foreign relations --- Strategic aspects --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- Diplomatic relations. --- Strategic aspects of individual places. --- World politics. --- 2000-2099 --- China. --- Colonialism --- Global politics --- International politics --- Political history --- Political science --- World history --- Eastern question --- Geopolitics --- International organization --- International relations --- Relations --- 1949 --- -Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Chung-kuo min chêng fu --- Jhonggu --- Khi͡atad --- Kin --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- National Government --- Republic --- Republic of China --- Zhonghuaminguo --- China's international strategy --- China's foreign policy --- world economy --- global governance --- international security --- regional politics --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- -BNKhAU --- Diplomatic relations --- Strategic aspects of individual places

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China --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- Civilization --- Social life and customs --- Periodicals --- Manners and customs --- Civilization. --- China. --- Barbarism --- Civilisation --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Culture --- Ceremonies --- Customs, Social --- Folkways --- Social customs --- Traditions --- Usages --- Ethnology --- Etiquette --- Rites and ceremonies --- 1949 --- -Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Jhonggu --- Khi͡atad --- Kin --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- National Government --- Republic --- Republic of China --- Zhonghuaminguo --- -BNKhAU

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"This book examines the connected histories of Spain, China and Japan as they emerged and developed following the foundation of Manila as capital of the Spanish Philippines in 1571. Cross-cultural encounters not only shaped Manila's development as a "Eurasian" port city, but also had profound political, economic, and social ramifications for the three pre-modern states involved. This becomes obvious when looking into the diverse nature of long-distance trade, including trans-Pacific silver-for-silks bargaining, direct Sino-Japanese exchange, and provisions trade. In order not to overlook the role of human beings involved in proto-global struggles for power and foreign trade control, this volume combines a systematic comparison with a focus on different actors and their agency. The author offers an example of empirical global history based on multilingual primary source research and a critical evaluation of different historiographical traditions. Integrating Manila into world history helps in revising many long held misconceptions by replacing them with a more balanced, multi-faceted view"--Back cover.

Manila (Philippines) --- Spain --- China --- Japan --- History. --- Foreign relations --- Maynila (Philippines) --- City of Manila (Philippines) --- Lungsod ng Maynila (Philippines) --- Manila City (Philippines) --- Nihon --- Nippon --- Iapōnia --- Zhāpān --- I︠A︡ponii︠a︡ --- Yapan --- Japão --- Japam --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Yīpun --- Jih-pen --- Riben --- Government of Japan --- Espanja --- Spanien --- Hiszpania --- Spanish State --- Estado Español --- Hispania --- Sefarad --- Sepharad --- Shpanye --- Shpanie --- Reino de España --- Kingdom of Spain --- Japon --- España --- Espagne --- Reino d'Espanya --- Reinu d'España --- Espainiako Erresuma --- Regne d'Espanya --- Reiaume d'Espanha --- Espanya --- Espanha --- スペイン --- Supein --- イスパニア --- Isupania --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- Metropolitan Manila (Philippines) --- 日本 --- 日本国 --- Nipponkoku --- Nippon-koku --- Nihonkoku --- Nihon-koku --- State of Japan --- Япония --- Japani --- اليابان --- al-Yābān --- يابان --- Yābān --- Japonsko --- Giappone --- Japonia --- Japonya --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- HISTORY / General. --- Politik --- Handel --- Chinesen --- Spanier --- Diplomatic relations. --- Manila --- Spain. --- Philippines --- Philippines. --- Japan. --- China. --- Commonwealth of the Philippines --- Feilübin --- Filipinas --- Filippine --- Filippiny --- Firipin --- Philippine Islands --- Pilipinas --- Pʻillipʻin --- Republic of the Philippines --- Republika ng Pilipinas --- RP --- Филиппины --- フィリピン --- فلبين --- Filibbīn --- 菲律宾 --- Philippinen --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Relations --- Spanierin --- Chinesin --- Warenhandel --- Wirtschaft --- Staatspolitik --- Politische Lage --- Politische Entwicklung --- Politische Situation --- 1949 --- -BNKhAU --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Jhonggu --- Khi͡atad --- Kin --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- National Government --- Republic --- Republic of China --- Zhonghuaminguo --- I͡Aponii͡ --- Maynila --- City of Manila --- Municipal Board --- History --- Chinese language --- Empire of Japan --- Ming dynasty

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Exiled Pilgrims contains thirty-two personal accounts by people who, as teenagers, went to rural China in 1964 and 1965. Barred from high school or college by political discrimination, the authors left the cities for the countryside in hopes of redeeming their “original sin” while making a difference in rural China with their hard work, only to find out that their idealism was futile in a mundane world and absurd time. Thus their pilgrimage to an illusory utopia turned into a painful search for truth and a tough struggle to liberate themselves against enormous odds. The book is the first and only collection of stories by members of a once marginalized and heretofore largely unheard-of group in contemporary China. 'The stories of these young 'exiled pilgrims' bring the reader uplifting examples of the resilience of the human spirit. Their stories are heart-breaking, but the voice is never cynical, and hope is a constant. Exiled Pilgrims is a treasure.' Carole Head, High Point University 'The stories compiled here detail the daily life of a strange and fascinating period, always with emotion, often with humor, showing that one can speak about serious things without being dry. Reading this book is an excellent and pleasant way to understand the real China under Mao.' Michel Bonnin, School for Advanced Studies in Social Sciences, Paris 'These individualized accounts reflect the shining—and somewhat sad—lives of pre-Cultural Revolution zhiqing. In their stories, the authors not only record their personal experiences, but also provide insightful explanation for the origins, evolution, and impact of such phenomena as the implementation of the class line at schools and the utopian orientation among the Chinese youth in the early and mid-1960s. Together with the valuable photos and rare documents, stories in Exiled Pilgrims give us a fairly comprehensive portrayal of the collective journey of pre-Cultural Revolution zhiqing.' Liu Xiaomeng, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing

Youth --- Intellectual life. --- Social conditions. --- Rural conditions. --- School-to-work transition. --- Urban-rural migration. --- Youth. --- Young people --- Young persons --- Youngsters --- Youths --- Age groups --- Life cycle, Human --- Cities and towns, Movement from --- City-country migration --- Counterurbanization --- Migration, Urban-rural --- Urban exodus --- Migration, Internal --- Rural-urban relations --- School-to-careers programs --- School-to-work programs --- Transition, School-to-work --- Career education --- Education, Cooperative --- Rural life --- Social history --- Cultural life --- Culture --- Cultural Revolution (China : 1966-1976) --- Since 1900 --- China --- China. --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- 1949 --- -Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Chung-hua min kuo --- Jhonggu --- Khi͡atad --- Kin --- Kita --- Kitaĭskai͡a Narodnai͡a Respublika --- National Government --- Republic --- Republic of China --- Zhonghuaminguo --- Intellectual life --- History --- Rural conditions --- Social conditions --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- S06/1058 --- S05/0220 --- China: Politics and government--Xiafang (sending down to the villages) --- China: Biographies and memoirs--20th century: collective biographies --- School-to-work transition