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Athanasius, Bischof der ägyptischen Metropole Alexandria (328-373), stand im Zentrum der dogmatischen und kirchenpolitischen Auseinandersetzungen des 4. Jahrhunderts. Als standhafter Vertreter der Beschlüsse des Konzils von Nizäa (325) wurde er im griechischen Osten, dem lateinischen Westen und den orientalischen Nationalkirchen verehrt, dabei aber sehr unterschiedlich rezipiert, wie das umfangreiche und bisher kaum erschlossene Corpus der ihm später zugeschriebenen Schriften zeigt. In der abendländischen Rezeption wurde Athanasius gegen die byzantinische Kirche auch zum Zeugen für die theologisch auf Augustin zurückgehende Einfügung des »filioque« in das nicaeno-constantinopolitanische Glaubensbekenntnis. Auf dem Konzil von Ferrara/Florenz (1438/1439), das die Einheit zwischen der lateinischen, der griechischen und den orientalischen Kirchen zum Ziel hatte, wurden die Byzantiner mit einem Text des Athanasius konfrontiert, der das zu beweisen schien. Dabei handelte es sich um einen damals von allen als echt anerkannten, dennoch fälschlich dem alexandrinischen Patriarchen zugeschriebenen Text, wie wir heute wissen.

Christian union --- Church history --- History. --- Athanasius, --- Council of Florence --- Athanasius of Alexandria. --- Council of Florence. --- Filioque.

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Hiéroclès est un philosophe stoïcien méconnu de l'époque impériale. Combinant éthique appliquée et réflexion sur les fondements naturels de la morale, les longs fragments que l'on conserve de lui offrent une image originale du stoïcisme en prise avec bien des débats contemporains. Ils sont tous analysés en profondeur dans cet ouvrage.Négligé par rapport à Sénèque, Épictète ou Marc Aurèle, Hiéroclès aborde pourtant des thèmes cruciaux du stoïcisme : les rapports de l’âme et du corps, la genèse et la spécificité des facultés animales, nos différents devoirs à l’égard des autres (les dieux, nos concitoyens, nos parents, etc.) et leur articulation.Comment les animaux connaissent-ils leurs forces et leurs faiblesses et se conservent-ils ? Devons-nous traiter tous les hommes comme s’ils faisaient partie de notre famille ? Quelle est la spécificité de la relation entre mari et femme ?

Ethics. --- Stoics. --- Ethics --- Stoics --- Stoïcisme --- Early works to 1800. --- Ouvrages avant 1800 --- Hiéroclès --- Critique et interprétation. --- Hierocles, --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Hierocles, - of Alexandria, - active 430

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L'auteur analyse la confrontation des deux généraux de la Révolution, Napoléon Bonaparte et Jean-Baptiste Kléber, et reconstitue l'histoire peu connue d'Alexandrie pendant l'expédition d'Egypte, de 1798 et 1799, à l'aide de documents historiques et iconographiques. ©Electre 2016

Napoleon --- Napoleon --- Kléber, Jean-Baptiste, --- Egyptian Campaign, 1798-1799. --- Military leadership. --- Military leadership --- Alexandria (Egypt) --- Egypt --- France --- Alexandrie (Egypte) --- Egypte --- France --- History, Military --- History --- History, Military --- Histoire militaire --- Histoire --- Histoire militaire

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In God and Grace in Philo and Paul , Orrey McFarland examines how Philo of Alexandria and the Apostle Paul understood divine grace. While scholars have occasionally observed that Philo and Paul both speak about God’s generosity, such work has often placed the two theologians in either strong continuity or stark discontinuity without probing into the theological logic that animates the particularities of their thought. By contrast, McFarland sets Philo and Paul in conversation and argues that both could speak of divine gifts emphatically and in formally similar ways while making materially different theological judgments in the context of their concrete historical settings and larger theological frameworks. That is, McFarland demonstrates how their theologies of grace are neither identical nor antithetical.

Grace (Theology) --- Grâce (Théologie) --- History of doctrines --- Histoire des doctrines --- Philo, --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Grace --- 1 <=924> PHILO ALEXANDRINUS --- 227 --- Joodse filosofie:--oudheid en middeleeuwen--PHILO ALEXANDRINUS --- Brieven van de apostelen en Paulus--(algemeen) --- Pseudo-Philo --- 1 <=924> PHILO ALEXANDRINUS Joodse filosofie:--oudheid en middeleeuwen--PHILO ALEXANDRINUS --- History of doctrines. --- Alexandria, --- Filon --- Filón, --- Filon, --- Filone, --- Philon, --- Philonis, --- Yedidyah, --- פילון --- פילון מאלכסנדריה --- פילון, --- פילון היהודי --- Филон Александрийский --- Filon Aleksandriĭskiĭ --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- Epistles of Paul --- Paul, Epistles of --- Paul Sŏsin --- Pauline epistles --- Risālat al-Qiddīs Būlus al-rasūl al-thāniyah ilá Tīmūthīʼūs --- Grace (Theology) - History of doctrines. --- Philo, - of Alexandria.

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We tend to think that the Buddha has always been seen as the compassionate sage admired around the world today, but until the nineteenth century, Europeans often regarded him as a nefarious figure, an idol worshipped by the pagans of the Orient. Donald S. Lopez Jr. offers here a rich sourcebook of European fantasies about the Buddha drawn from the works of dozens of authors over fifteen hundred years, including Clement of Alexandria, Marco Polo, St. Francis Xavier, Voltaire, and Sir William Jones. Featuring writings by soldiers, adventurers, merchants, missionaries, theologians, and colonial officers, this volume contains a wide range of portraits of the Buddha. The descriptions are rarely flattering, as all manner of reports-some accurate, some inaccurate, and some garbled-came to circulate among European savants and eccentrics, many of whom were famous in their day but are long forgotten in ours. Taken together, these accounts present a fascinating picture, not only of the Buddha as he was understood and misunderstood for centuries, but also of his portrayers.

Buddhism --- Study and teaching --- History. --- Gautama Buddha --- Christian interpretations. --- Cult --- buddha, idol, orientalism, exoticism, wisdom, pagan, sir william jones, voltaire, saint francis xavier, marco polo, clement of alexandria, cult, missionaries, colonialism, explorers, theology, louis le comte, euthymius mount athos, king hetum i, odoric pordenone, nonfiction, travel, religion, spirituality, buddhism, alexander hamilton, erskine, karl friedrich neumann, charles coleman, george stanley faber, abbe de choisy, denis diderot.