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This book covers the origins and subsequent history of research results in which attempts have been made to clarify issues related to cellular ageing, senescence, and age-related pathologies including cancer. Cellular Ageing and Replicative Senescence revisits more than fifty-five years of research based on the discovery that cultured normal cells are mortal and the interpretation that this phenomenon is associated with the origins of ageing. The mortality of normal cells and the immortality of cancer cells were also reported to have in vivo counterparts. Thus began the field of cytogerontology. Cellular Ageing and Replicative Senescence is organized into five sections: history and origins; serial passaging and progressive ageing; cell cycle arrest and senescence; system modulation; and recapitulation and future expectations. These issues are discussed by leading thinkers and researchers in biogerontology and cytogerontology. This collection of articles provides state-of-the-art information, and will encourage students, teachers, health care professionals and others interested in the biology of ageing to explore the fascinating and challenging question of why and how our cells age, and what can and cannot be done about it.

Medicine. --- Cytogenetics. --- Geriatrics. --- Cell biology. --- Biomedicine. --- Cell Biology. --- Geriatrics/Gerontology. --- Aging --- Molecular aspects. --- Molecular aging --- Molecular biology --- Human genetics. --- Cytology. --- Medicine --- Gerontology --- Older people --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Diseases --- Health and hygiene --- Cytology

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This book presents the current state of knowledge on the origin and differentiation of cell lines involved in the development of the vertebrate male and female gonads with particular emphasis on the mouse. It also discusses the processes leading to the testis- and ovary-specific structures and functions. The individual chapters review the origin and differentiation of the somatic cells of the genital ridges; the formation and migration of primordial germ cells in mouse and man; the gonadal supporting cell lineage and mammalian sex determination; differentiation of Sertoli and granulosa cells; mesonephric cell migration into the gonads and vascularization; origin and differentiation of androgen-producing cells in the gonads; germ cell commitment to the oogenic versus spermatogenic pathway and the role of retinoic acid; ovarian folliculogenesis; control of oocyte growth and development by intercellular communication within the follicular niche; biology of the Sertoli cell in the fetal, pubertal and adult mammalian testis; mechanisms regulating spermatogonial differentiation; stem cells in mammalian gonads; the role of microRNAs in cell differentiation during gonad development; human sex development and its disorders; as well as methods for the study of gonadal development.

Life sciences. --- Cytogenetics. --- Molecular biology. --- Reproductive medicine. --- Stem cells. --- Developmental biology. --- Life Sciences. --- Developmental Biology. --- Stem Cells. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Reproductive Medicine. --- Gonads. --- Gonads --- Growth. --- Sex glands --- Endocrine glands --- Generative organs --- Human genetics. --- Medicine. --- Human reproduction --- Human reproductive health --- Human reproductive medicine --- Reproductive medicine --- Health --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Physical anthropology --- Colony-forming units (Cells) --- Mother cells --- Progenitor cells --- Cells --- Development (Biology) --- Biology --- Growth --- Ontogeny --- Health aspects --- Health Workforce --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Cytology --- Molecular genetics. --- Medicine --- Reproductive health. --- Developmental Biology and Stem Cells. --- Stem Cell Biology. --- Molecular Genetics. --- Biomedical Research. --- Research. --- Molecular biology --- Biological research --- Biomedical research

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This book is a comprehensive review of the detailed molecular mechanisms of and functional crosstalk among the replication, recombination, and repair of DNA (collectively called the "3Rs") and the related processes, with special consciousness of their biological and clinical consequences. The 3Rs are fundamental molecular mechanisms for organisms to maintain and sometimes intentionally alter genetic information. DNA replication, recombination, and repair, individually, have been important subjects of molecular biology since its emergence, but we have recently become aware that the 3Rs are actually much more intimately related to one another than we used to realize. Furthermore, the 3R research fields have been growing even more interdisciplinary, with better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying other important processes, such as chromosome structures and functions, cell cycle and checkpoints, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and so on. This book comprises 7 parts and 21 chapters: Part 1 (Chapters 1–3), DNA Replication; Part 2 (Chapters 4–6), DNA Recombination; Part 3 (Chapters 7–9), DNA Repair; Part 4 (Chapters 10–13), Genome Instability and Mutagenesis; Part 5 (Chapters 14–15), Chromosome Dynamics and Functions; Part 6 (Chapters 16–18), Cell Cycle and Checkpoints; Part 7 (Chapters 19–21), Interplay with Transcription and Epigenetic Regulation. This volume should attract the great interest of graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and senior scientists in broad research fields of basic molecular biology, not only the core 3Rs, but also the various related fields (chromosome, cell cycle, transcription, epigenetics, and similar areas). Additionally, researchers in neurological sciences, developmental biology, immunology, evolutionary biology, and many other fields will find this book valuable.

DNA replication --- DNA repair --- Gene rearrangement --- Recombination, Genetic --- Genetics --- DNA Replication --- DNA Repair --- Pathologic Processes --- Biochemical Processes --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Genetic Processes --- Biology --- Diseases --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Genetic Phenomena --- Chemical Phenomena --- Phenomena and Processes --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Cytology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- DNA replication. --- DNA repair. --- Gene rearrangement. --- DNA rearrangement --- Deoxyribonucleic acid repair --- Repair, DNA --- Repair mechanisms in DNA --- Chromosomal DNA replication --- DNA --- Replication of DNA --- Replication --- Molecular genetics --- Antibody diversity --- Biochemical genetics --- Antimutagens --- Synthesis --- Cytology. --- Biochemistry. --- Pathology. --- Human genetics. --- Cell Biology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Cytogenetics. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Disease (Pathology) --- Medical sciences --- Medicine --- Medicine, Preventive --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Composition --- Cell biology.