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Intricate interfaith networks in the middle ages : quotidian Jewish-Christian contacts
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ISBN: 9782503544298 2503544290 9782503544830 Year: 2016 Volume: 5 Publisher: Turnhout : Brepols,

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The book explores the extraordinarily intricate network of connections between Christians and Jews in the medieval urban sphere. 0Recent scholarship has suggested that the religious divide between Jews and Christians in the Middle Ages, although ever-present (and at times even violently so), did not stop individuals and groups from forming ties and expanding them in more intricate ways than previously thought. Moreover, these networks appear to have functioned with an apparent disregard towards any confessional and religious differences. Nevertheless, this was by no means a straightforward or simple situation; both the theological background to how each faith viewed 'other' beliefs, as well as the strong social, religious, and authoritative circles that at the least critiqued, even if they did not entirely discourage such contacts, created a formidable opposition to these networks. The articles in this book were presented as papers during an international workshop at the Central European University in Budapest in February 2010. In these presentations and discussions, the premise of interfaith relations and networks was thoroughly explored across Europe from the Iberian Peninsula to the eastern Hungarian frontier, and from England to Italy throughout the high and later medieval period. In this volume, the contributors explore a number of phenomena through different disciplinary approaches. Ties of an economic and cultural nature are examined, and attention is paid to social contacts and networks in the fields of art and the sciences, and matters of daily life. The picture that emerges is altogether more nuanced and diverse than the bipolar paradigm that has dominated previous scholarship.


Book
Controverse judéo-chrétienne en ashkenaz (XIIIe s.) : florilèges polémiques : hébreu, latin, ancien français ; Paris, BnF, Hébreu 712, fol. 56v-57v et 66v-68v
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ISBN: 9782503567471 2503567479 Year: 2016 Volume: 173 Publisher: Turnhout Brepols

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Ces documents inédits – et semble-t-il uniques – intéressent à la fois l’étude du latin médiéval et celle des relations entre juifs et chrétiens, en Ashkenaz, au xiiie siècle. Ils offrent plusieurs pages de latin translittéré tout en se distinguant par leurs diverses caractéristiques des autres écrits destinés, dans la littérature hébraïque médiévale, à la controverse avec les chrétiens. L’argumentation se fonde exclusivement ici sur des emprunts à la tradition latine chrétienne invariablement restitués dans la langue originale (en caractères hébreux), généralement accompagnés d’une ébauche de traduction hébraïque et fréquemment précédés, en hébreu et en ancien français (caractères hébreux), d’indications relatives à leur utilisation polémique. Cette stratégie argumentative s’apparente à celle des chrétiens invoquant à la même époque, sur des questions analogues, la tradition rabbinique. Ces deux florilèges sont manifestement le fruit d’un travail collectif, encore inachevé, dont ils ne représentent que deux étapes distinctes et sans doute deux témoins parmi beaucoup d’autres. Ils attestent la réalité d’un débat judéo-chrétien qui n’était en aucune manière réservé à une élite, et l’imminence de ses enjeux. Ils sont la preuve d’une réaction concertée à l’entreprise chrétienne de conversion.L’édition et la traduction s’accompagnent d’une analyse codicologique, paléographique, linguistique et textuelle. Les commentaires de la seconde partie situent le détail de l’argumentation dans l’ensemble des écrits de controverse judéo-chrétienne. Les conclusions, fondées sur la complémentarité des approches, s’achèvent par une mise en contexte prenant en compte les perspectives de recherche encore offertes par ces deux documents exceptionnels.


Book
From anti-Judaism to anti-Semitism : ancient and medieval Christian constructions of Jewish history
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ISBN: 9781316606599 1316606597 9781107152465 1107152461 9781316591284 1316984222 1316981630 131659128X Year: 2016 Publisher: New York : Cambridge University Press,

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From its earliest days, Christianity has viewed Judaism and Jews ambiguously. Given its roots within the Jewish community of first-century Palestine, there was much in Judaism that demanded Church admiration and praise; however, as Jews continued to resist Christian truth, there was also much that had to be condemned. Major Christian thinkers of antiquity - while disparaging their Jewish contemporaries for rejecting Christian truth - depicted the Jewish past and future in balanced terms, identifying both positives and negatives. Beginning at the end of the first millennium, an increasingly large Jewish community started to coalesce across rapidly developing northern Europe, becoming the object of intense popular animosity and radically negative popular imagery. The portrayals of the broad trajectory of Jewish history offered by major medieval European intellectual leaders became increasingly negative as well. The popular animosity and the negative intellectual formulations were bequeathed to the modern West, which had tragic consequences in the twentieth century. In this book, Robert Chazan traces the path that began as anti-Judaism, evolved into heightened medieval hatred and fear of Jews, and culminated in modern anti-Semitism.


Book
Le baptême forcé des enfants juifs : question scolastique, enjeu politique, échos contemporains
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ISBN: 9782251420622 2251420622 Year: 2016 Publisher: Paris les Belles lettres

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Faut-il baptiser les enfants des juifs contre la volonté de leurs parents ? Cette question surgit à la fin du XIIIe siècle dans une controverse scolastique qui forme le point de départ de l'enquête. Un fil rouge s'en dégage : plus que le baptême, c'est le rapt des enfants juifs qui est au cœur du débat dont le pouvoir du prince et les droits des parents forment les principaux termes. Enchâssé dans les représentations du péril juif pour l?enfance, le motif de longue durée des ± arrachements sauveurs trouve ici ses prémices. L?abstraction scolastique prend chair dans une histoire de violence, dont les enfants sont l?enjeu et les juifs la cible. Elle s?étaye de sources juridiques et judiciaires, de chroniques et d?exempla, de récits, de fictions et d?articles contemporains. Éléments théoriques, situations concrètes et discussion historiographique se tissent dans une étude qui embrasse le problème du baptême forcé des enfants juifs dans tous ses aspects. Ce livre aborde, à partir de leurs formes médiévales, les questions toujours actuelles sur la part de la filiation, de l?éducation, de la volonté et de la mémoire dans la construction des identités, sur les heurts entre droits et pouvoirs, sur l?imbrication et l?efficacité sociale des constructions intellectuelles, des croyances et des stéréotypes.


Book
Les racines juives de la messe
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ISBN: 9782353894628 2353894623 Year: 2016 Publisher: Paris Éditions Emmanuel


Book
Is there a Judeo-Christian tradition? : a European perspective
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ISBN: 9783110416473 9783110416596 9783110416671 3110416476 3110416670 311041659X 3110578700 Year: 2016 Volume: 4 Publisher: De Gruyter

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"The term ´Judeo-Christian` in reference to a tradition, heritage, ethic, civilization, faith etc. has been used in a wide variety of contexts with widely diverging meanings. Contrary to popular belief, the term was not coined in the United States in the middle of the 20th century but in 1831 in Germany by Ferdinand Christian Baur. By acknowledging and returning to this European perspective and context, the volume engages the historical, theological, philosophical and political dimensions of the term`s development. Scholars of European intellectual history will find this volume timely and relevant."


Book
Earliest Christianity within the boundaries of Judaism : essays in honor of Bruce Chilton
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ISBN: 9789004310322 9789004310339 9004310339 9004310320 Year: 2016 Volume: 49 Publisher: Brill

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Twenty-two essays, written by top scholars in the fields of early Christianity and Judaism, focus on methodological issues, earliest Christianity in its Judaic setting, Gospel studies, and history and meaning in later Christianity. These essays honor Bruce Chilton, recognizing his seminal contribution to the study of earliest Christianity in its Judaic setting. Chilton’s scholarship has established innovative approaches to reconstructing the life of Jesus, a Jew whose religious ideology developed and therefore must be understood within the Judaism of the first centuries. Following upon Chilton’s approaches and insights, the essays collected here illustrate the centrality of the literatures of early Judaism to the critical exegesis of the New Testament and other writings of early Christianity.


Book
The Christian schism in Jewish history and Jewish memory
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ISBN: 9781107120471 1107120470 9781316341490 9781107546448 1107546443 1316667197 1316667049 1316667340 1316667499 1316667944 1316341496 131666614X Year: 2016 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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How did Jews perceive the first Christians? By what means did they come to appreciate Christianity as a religion distinct from their own? In The Christian Schism in Jewish History and Jewish Memory, Professor Joshua Ezra Burns addresses those questions by describing the birth of Christianity as a function of the Jewish past. Surveying a range of ancient evidences, he examines how the authors of Judaism's earliest surviving memories of Christianity speak to the perspectives of rabbinic observers who were conditioned by the unique circumstances of their encounters with Christianity to recognize its adherents as fellow Jews. Only upon the decline of the Church's Jewish demographic were their successors compelled to see Christianity as something other than a variation of Jewish cultural expression. The evolution of thought in the classical Jewish literary record thus offers a dynamic account of Christianity's separation from Judaism counterbalancing the abrupt schism attested in contemporary Christian texts.

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