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This invaluable book provides the foundations for a new theory of the firm, drawing on Birger Wernerfelt's landmark work on economic theory and the resource-based view of the firm. It addresses a vigorous and long-standing academic debate over what exactly a 'firm' is, both in the field of management and economics. Wernerfelt revisits his classic articles, including an extensively revised 'A Resource-Based View of the Firm' (1984), which have been updated and synthesized to provide precise and accessible concepts and predictions. By offering future directions for research and practice, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of management and economics alike.
Industrial organization (Economic theory) --- Economic specialization. --- Diversification in industry. --- Industrial diversification --- Product diversification --- Input-output analysis --- Barriers to entry (Industrial organization) --- Multiproduct firms --- Specialization, Economic --- Economics --- Division of labor --- Industrial economics --- Market structure --- Microeconomics --- Economic specialization --- Diversification in industry
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In light of increased vertical specialization and the dominance of trade in intermediates rather than final goods, this paper seeks to raise awareness of the limitations of traditional trade measures on a gross output basis. To do so, this paper uses the WIOD, a world input output table, as an alternative trade measure to analyze the role of six newly industrialized economies in global value chains. The differences between measures on a gross output basis and value added basis are striking. Export shares measured by both methods differed by more than 20 percent for some industries. These findings highlight the need for more sophisticated world input output data to form a better understanding of global trade dynamics and country interdependencies.
Economic value added. --- Input-output analysis. --- Export marketing. --- International marketing --- Overseas marketing --- Marketing --- Interindustry economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- National income --- Input-output tables --- EVA (Economic value added) --- Business enterprises --- Value added --- Accounting --- Valuation --- Economic value added --- Input-output analysis --- Export marketing --- E-books --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Globalization --- Empirical Studies of Trade --- Economic Integration --- Globalization: Economic Development --- Trade: General --- Globalization: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- International economics --- Exports --- Global value chains --- Consumption --- Imports --- International trade --- National accounts --- Economics --- China, People's Republic of
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Commodity prices have declined sharply over the past three years, and output growth has slowed considerably among countries that are net exporters of commodities. A critical question for policy makers in these economies is whether commodity windfalls influence potential output. Our analysis suggests that both actual and potential output move together with commodity terms of trade, but that actual output comoves twice as strongly as potential output. The weak commodity price outlook is estimated to subtract 1 to 2¼ percentage points from actual output growth annually on average during 2015-17. The forecast drag on potential output is about one-third of that for actual output.
Exports --- Prices --- Input-output analysis --- Interindustry economics --- Economics, Mathematical --- National income --- Input-output tables --- International trade --- Econometric models. --- Accounting --- Investments: Commodities --- Investments: Energy --- Macroeconomics --- Production and Operations Management --- Commodity Markets --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Production --- Cost --- Capital and Total Factor Productivity --- Capacity --- Economic Development: Agriculture --- Natural Resources --- Energy --- Environment --- Other Primary Products --- Other Economic Systems: Political Economy --- Legal Institutions --- Property Rights --- Resource Booms --- Investment & securities --- Commodity prices --- Commodities --- Commodity booms --- Potential output --- Total factor productivity --- Commercial products --- Economic theory --- Industrial productivity --- Canada --- Finance.
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This 2016 Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic performance in Azerbaijan has been impaired by a number of negative shocks. Lower oil prices, weak regional growth, currency devaluations in its main trading partners, and a contraction in hydrocarbon production rapidly erased the large current account surplus the country enjoyed during the oil boom years. Near-term economic prospects remain weak. Under current policies, growth is expected to contract in 2016 and remain sluggish in the next few years, while inflation is expected to gradually decrease. The current account balance should improve as the devaluations work to limit imports and support nontraditional exports.
Economic development --- Diversification in industry --- International Monetary Fund --- Industrial diversification --- Product diversification --- Input-output analysis --- Barriers to entry (Industrial organization) --- Multiproduct firms --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Internationaal monetair fonds --- International monetary fund --- Banks and Banking --- Investments: Energy --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Statistics --- Public Finance --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology --- Computer Programs: Other --- Energy: Demand and Supply --- Prices --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Aggregative Models: General --- Energy: General --- Monetary economics --- Econometrics & economic statistics --- Investment & securities --- Banking --- Public finance & taxation --- Oil prices --- External sector statistics --- Credit --- National accounts --- Oil --- Economic and financial statistics --- Money --- Commodities --- Economic statistics --- Petroleum industry and trade --- National income --- Azerbaijan, Republic of
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This Selected Issues paper discusses initiatives to promote export diversification and growth in Liberia. Liberia’s exports have been very concentrated in the past, but some progress in export diversification has been made in recent years, mostly in the enclave sectors. The government has launched the Liberia Agricultural Transformation Agenda (LATA) to support diversification and transformation. LATA strives to build up the agricultural sector as well as adopt a supportive industrial policy. Improving business climate and external competitiveness could play an important role in increasing export diversification in Liberia. Efficiency could also be increased through better access to markets and technology, cheaper imported inputs, as well as more competition with imports.
Economic development --- Exports --- Diversification in industry --- Industrial diversification --- Product diversification --- Input-output analysis --- Barriers to entry (Industrial organization) --- Multiproduct firms --- International trade --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Finance: General --- Industries: Financial Services --- Criminology --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation --- Trade: General --- Agriculture: General --- Monetary Systems --- Standards --- Regimes --- Government and the Monetary System --- Payment Systems --- Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law --- Finance --- Banking --- International economics --- Computer applications in industry & technology --- Corporate crime --- white-collar crime --- Financial services --- Commercial banks --- Mobile banking --- Financial inclusion --- Financial institutions --- Financial markets --- Technology --- Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) --- Crime --- Financial services industry --- Banks and banking --- Banks and banking, Mobile --- Money laundering --- Liberia
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