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Rising powers pose challenges for global governance, substantively and institutionally, in the domain of financial and macroeconomic cooperation.
Social systems. --- Sociology --- System theory --- Capital movements --- Economic policy --- International finance --- International monetary system --- International money --- Finance --- International economic relations --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International cooperation --- History --- BRIC countries. --- Big Four countries --- BRICS countries --- E-books
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Income distribution. --- Capital movements. --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International finance --- Distribution of income --- Income inequality --- Inequality of income --- Distribution (Economic theory) --- Disposable income
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This paper assesses the spillovers from different facets of China rebalancing using a calibrated Ricardian trade model that includes 41 economies, each consisting of 34 sectors. We find that China’s move up the value chain in particular has the potential for significant spillovers – on the one hand, adversely affecting industrialized economies heavily involved in the Asia value chain, while at the same time generating positive spillovers to lower and middle income countries. The model’s strength lies in endogenously capturing production value chains and international trade of goods across sectors.
Capital movements --- Financial risk management --- Risk management --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International finance --- Econometric models. --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Production and Operations Management --- Neoclassical Models of Trade --- Empirical Studies of Trade --- Trade: Forecasting and Simulation --- Externalities --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Trade: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Macroeconomics: Production --- International economics --- Spillovers --- Income --- Exports --- Consumption --- Productivity --- Financial sector policy and analysis --- National accounts --- International trade --- Production --- Economics --- Industrial productivity --- China, People's Republic of
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This paper describes South Africa’s economic development and challenges. South Africa has made considerable economic and social progress over the past two decades, but faces substantial challenges. Global transitions—China’s slowdown and rebalancing, weak commodity prices, and U.S. monetary policy normalization—are taking a heavy toll on South Africa. Growth and employment, which were already low, are faltering and continue to underperform peer countries. Vulnerabilities remain elevated and have increased in the real and fiscal sectors. Boosting growth and job creation, thus reducing extremely high unemployment and inequality, and promoting social transformation remain South Africa’s key challenges.
Economic development --- Capital movements --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International finance --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Foreign Exchange --- Investments: Bonds --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Commodity Markets --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) --- Industry Studies: Primary Products and Construction: General --- International Investment --- Long-term Capital Movements --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Banking --- International economics --- Currency --- Investment & securities --- Monetary economics --- Commodity prices --- Sovereign bonds --- Mining sector --- Prices --- Financial institutions --- Credit --- Money --- Banks and banking --- Exports --- Bonds --- South Africa
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Stock market integration between developing and emerging markets has numerous benefits for creating a global - yet stable - world economy. It increases competition and the efficiency of local markets, in turn reducing price volatility and the cost of capital among integrated markets. It also generates capital flows, which enhance financial stability and spur economic growth. At its core, stock market integration has an important role to play in both developing and emerging markets still reeling from the global financial crisis. Global Stock Market Integration analyzes the financial makeup of developing and emerging markets around the world, providing empirical insights into market integration, co-movements in price, crises, and efficiency linkages. Mobarek and Mollah argue that the relationship between market integration and market efficiency within developing and emerging countries is not the only measure necessary for effecting real financial growth. This work brings the review of theories and empirical research on the topic up-to-date and expands the existing literature with new perspectives on developed and emerging markets. .
Stock exchanges --- Capital movements --- International economic integration --- Investment & Speculation --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- Stock exchanges. --- Capital movements. --- International economic integration. --- Common markets --- Economic integration, International --- Economic union --- Integration, International economic --- Markets, Common --- Union, Economic --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Bulls and bears --- Commercial corners --- Corners, Commercial --- Equity markets --- Exchanges, Securities --- Exchanges, Stock --- Securities exchanges --- Stock-exchange --- Stock markets --- International economic relations --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International finance --- Capital market --- Efficient market theory --- Speculation --- Development economics. --- Finance. --- Investment banking. --- Securities. --- Macroeconomics. --- Financial engineering. --- Capital market. --- Development Economics. --- Finance, general. --- Investments and Securities. --- Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics. --- Financial Engineering. --- Capital Markets. --- Capital markets --- Market, Capital --- Financial institutions --- Loans --- Money market --- Securities --- Crowding out (Economics) --- Computational finance --- Engineering, Financial --- Economics --- Blue sky laws --- Capitalization (Finance) --- Investment securities --- Portfolio --- Scrip --- Securities law --- Underwriting --- Investments --- Investment banking --- Banks and banking, Investment --- Investment banks --- Funding --- Funds --- Currency question --- Economic development --- Law and legislation
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This Selected Issues paper reviews China’s progress along various dimensions of rebalancing. External rebalancing has advanced well, while progress on internal rebalancing has been mixed—substantial on the supply side, moderate on the demand side, and limited on credit dependence. Rebalancing on the environment and inclusiveness has lagged. The high national rate of saving is expected to fall owing to demographic change and a stronger social safety net. The consumption ratio is expected to increase with a rising labor income share and less household saving. Supply-side rebalancing from industry to services is expected to advance further, helping reduce the carbon intensity of output and promote income equality.
Monetary policy --- Capital movements --- Economic development --- Capital flight --- Capital flows --- Capital inflow --- Capital outflow --- Flight of capital --- Flow of capital --- Movements of capital --- Balance of payments --- Foreign exchange --- International finance --- Banks and Banking --- Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Money and Monetary Policy --- Taxation --- International Investment --- Long-term Capital Movements --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Banks --- Depository Institutions --- Micro Finance Institutions --- Mortgages --- Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities --- Redistributive Effects --- Environmental Taxes and Subsidies --- Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- International economics --- Monetary economics --- Finance --- Public finance & taxation --- Credit --- Carbon tax --- Banking --- Foreign assets --- Public enterprises --- Money --- Taxes --- External position --- Economic sectors --- External debt --- Investments, Foreign --- Environmental impact charges --- Banks and banking --- Debts, External --- Government business enterprises --- China, People's Republic of
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