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When the United States and the Soviet Union signed the first Strategic Arms Limitation Talks accords in 1972 it was generally seen as the point at which the USSR achieved parity with the United States. Less than twenty years later the Soviet Union had collapsed, confounding experts who never expected it to happen during their lifetimes. The author traces the history of US-Soviet relations between 1972 and 1991 and explains why the Cold War came to an abrupt end. Drawing heavily on archival sources and memoirs - many in Russian - as well as his own experiences, the author vividly describes events from the perspectives of American and Soviet participants. He attributes the USSR's fall not to one specific cause but to a combination of the Soviet system's inherent weaknesses, mistakes by Mikhail Gorbachev, and challenges by Ronald Reagan and other US leaders. He shows how the USSR's rapid and humiliating collapse and the inability of the West and Russia to find a way to cooperate respectfully and collegially helped set the foundation for Vladimir Putin's rise.

USA--FOREIGN RELATIONS--USSR --- USSR--FOREIGN RELATIONS--USA --- USSR--HISTORY --- United States --- Foreign relations --- Soviet Union --- History --- 1953-1985 --- 1985-1991

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Russia, under both the Soviets and Vladimir Putin, is in a struggle with Western civilization, and has conducted influence campaigns to weaken and undermine the West from within. This study of influence campaigns waged against the West by the Soviet Union and now by Russia under President Vladimir Putin is intended to present a detailed overview and analysis of the various influence campaigns. Methods and means employed by the Soviet Union included active measures, disinformation, propaganda, controlled international front groups, agents of influence, forgeries, and reflexive control. Campaign themes are examined, and two key campaigns against NATO deployment of the neutron bomb and intermediate-range nuclear force are analyzed as case studies of a successful and failed campaign. The influence campaigns waged by President Putin against the West combine time tested methods with new information age techniques not available during the Soviet era including internet trolls, social media, information warfare, and cyber operations. Both similarities and differences exist in the execution and objectives of influence campaigns conducted by the Soviet Union and Putin’s Russia.

PROPAGANDA, RUSSIAN --- DISINFORMATION--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) --- DISINFORMATION--USSR --- USSR--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- Politics --- anno 2000-2009 --- anno 1980-1989 --- anno 1960-1969 --- anno 1950-1959 --- anno 2010-2019 --- anno 1970-1979 --- anno 1990-1999 --- Russia --- Polemology

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"Covering the period from the Revolution to the beginning of World War II, this book considers Soviet avant-garde photography and film in the context of political history and culture. Three essays trace this generation of artists, their experiments with new media, and their pursuit of a new political order. A wealth of stunning photographs, film stills, and film posters, as well as magazine and book designs, demonstrate that their output encompassed a spectacular range of style, content, and perspective, and an extraordinary sense of the power of the photograph to change the world"

Photography --- Motion pictures --- Soviet Union --- Intellectual life --- Photography, Artistic --- 761 --- USSR --- avant-garde --- boekvormgeving --- posters --- Cinema --- Feature films --- Films --- Movies --- Moving-pictures --- Audio-visual materials --- Mass media --- Performing arts --- Exhibitions. --- Political aspects --- fotografie, geschiedenis --- History and criticism --- Exhibitions --- Intellectual life.

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"Now fully updated and revised, this clear and comprehensive text explores contemporary Soviet/Russian international relations, comparing foreign policy formation under Gorbachev, Yeltsin, Medvedev, and Putin. Challenging conventional views of Moscow's foreign policy, Andrei Tsygankov shows that definitions of national interest depend on visions of national identity and are rooted both in history and domestic politics. Yet the author also highlights the role of the external environment in affecting the balance of power among competing domestic groups. Drawing on both Russian and Western sources, Tsygankov traces how Moscow's policies have shifted under different leaders' visions of Russia's national interests. He gives an overview of the ideas and pressures that motivated Russian foreign policy in six different periods: the Gorbachev era of the late 1980s, the liberal “Westernizers” era under Kozyrev in the early 1990s, the relatively hardline statist policy under Primakov, the more pragmatic course of limited cooperation under Putin and then Medvedev, and the assertive policy Putin has implemented since his return to power. Evaluating the successes and failures of Russian foreign policies, Tsygankov explains its many turns as Russia's identity and interaction with the West have evolved. The book concludes with reflections on the emergence of the post-Western world and the challenges it presents to Russia's enduring quest for great power status along with its desire for a special relationship with Western nations."--Amazon.com.

RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- USSR--FOREIGN RELATIONS --- Great powers --- Nationalism --- Social change --- Russia (Federation) --- Soviet Union --- Western countries --- Foreign relations --- Great powers. --- 89.90 foreign policy. --- Diplomatic relations. --- Nationalism. --- Social change. --- Au�enpolitik. --- Utrikespolitik. --- Internationella relationer. --- Ryssland. --- Sovjetunionen. --- Russia (Federation). --- Soviet Union. --- Western countries. --- Russland. --- Sowjetunion. --- Russia. --- Foreign relations. --- foreign policy. --- Außenpolitik. --- Nationalism - Russia (Federation) --- Social change - Russia (Federation) --- Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations --- Soviet Union - Foreign relations --- Russia (Federation) - Foreign relations - Western countries --- Western countries - Foreign relations - Russia (Federation)

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"Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation -- to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists. After examining the midcentury rise of cybernetics, the science of self-governing systems, and the emergence in the Soviet Union of economic cybernetics, Peters complicates this uneasy role reversal while chronicling the various Soviet attempts to build a "unified information network." Drawing on previously unknown archival and historical materials, he focuses on the final, and most ambitious of these projects, the All-State Automated System of Management (OGAS), and its principal promoter, Viktor M. Glushkov. Peters describes the rise and fall of OGAS -- its theoretical and practical reach, its vision of a national economy managed by network, the bureaucratic obstacles it encountered, and the institutional stalemate that killed it. Finally, he considers the implications of the Soviet experience for today's networked world."--Provided by publisher.

Computer networks --- Internetworking (Telecommunication) --- History. --- Research --- Peters, Benjamin, --- Réseaux d'ordinateurs --- Interconnexion de réseaux (Télécommunications) --- History --- Histoire --- Recherche --- Réseaux d'ordinateurs --- Interconnexion de réseaux (Télécommunications) --- Inter-networking (Telecommunication) --- Interoperability in computer networks --- Communication systems, Computer --- Computer communication systems --- Data networks, Computer --- ECNs (Electronic communication networks) --- Electronic communication networks --- Networks, Computer --- Teleprocessing networks --- Data transmission systems --- Digital communications --- Electronic systems --- Information networks --- Telecommunication --- Cyberinfrastructure --- Electronic data processing --- Network computers --- Distributed processing --- Sowjetunion --- UdSSR --- SSSR --- Republik-Republik Kesatuan Soviet Sosialis --- Sojuz Sovetskich Socialističeskich Respublik --- Union der Sozialistischen Sowjet-Republiken --- Union der SSR --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics --- USSR --- Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques --- URSS --- Russland --- Russia --- Padomju Sociālistiko Republiku Savienība --- PSRS --- SSṘM --- ZSSR --- TSRS --- Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika --- Soviet Union --- SSHM --- Sojuz Radjans'kich Sozialističnich Respublik --- SRSR --- Şyra Sosjalist Cumhyrijjẹtlẹri Ittifakĭ --- Šura Socialist Gümhurietleri Ittipaky --- Šura Sosyalist Ǧümhuriyetleri Ittifaqï --- SSCB --- Союз Советских Социалистических Республик --- СССР --- 1923-25.12.1991 --- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY/History of Technology --- INFORMATION SCIENCE/Technology & Policy --- SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY/General --- Sojuz Sovetskich Socialističeskich Respublik --- Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques --- Padomju Sociālistiko Republiku Savienība --- SSṘM --- Savez Sovjetskih Socijalističkih Republika --- Sojuz Radjans'kich Sozialističnich Respublik --- Şyra Sosjalist Cumhyrijjẹtlẹri Ittifakĭ --- Šura Socialist Gümhurietleri Ittipaky --- Šura Sosyalist Ǧümhuriyetleri Ittifaqï