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Ethics

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Résumé éditeur : "Les écrits éthiques de Tadeusz Kotarbiński, publiés jusqu'ici uniquement sous forme d'articles qui n'ont jamais donné lieu à un livre sur l'éthique comparable à ses autres travaux, sont beaucoup moins connus que ses systèmes de logique et de praxéologique. Leur auteur, pourtant, considérait les questions éthiques comme primordiales, et jamais il ne cessa de s'en préoccuper, dès le début de sa production philosophique (à commencer par sa thèse de doctorat sur l'utilitarisme dans l'éthique de Mill et Spencer). Et s'il ne donna aucune précision sur la manière de mettre en œuvre son système d'éthique dans les situations concrètes - considérant en effet que chacun était en mesure de prendre des décisions morales, notamment en cas de conflit de valeurs, sans être guidé dans sa démarche -, Kotarbiński insista en revanche sur le fait que toute éthique devait avant tout être indépendante de la religion et de tout système philosophique. Ce livre, qui réunit les travaux d'éthique les plus importants du philosophe, introduit ainsi à sa pensée et témoigne de son rôle majeur dans l'histoire et l'évolution des idées du XXe siècle.".

Ethics.

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Suppose that in an emergency evacuation of a hospital after a flood, not all of the patients can make it out alive. You are the doctor faced with the choice between abandoning these patients to die alone and in pain, or injecting them with a lethal dose of drugs, without consent, so that they die peacefully. Perhaps no one will be able to blame you whatever you decide, but, whichever action you choose, you will remain burdened by guilt.What happens, in cases like this, when, no matter what you do, you are destined for moral failure? What happens when there is no available means of doing the right thing?Human life is filled with such impossible moral decisions. These choices and case studies that demonstrate them form the focus of Lisa Tessman's arresting and provocative work. Many philosophers believe that there are simply no situations in which what you morally ought to do is something that you can't do, because they think that you can't be required to do something unless it's actually in your power to do it. Despite this, real life presents us daily with situations in which we feel that we have failed morally even when no right action would have been possible. Lisa Tessman boldly argues that sometimes we feel this way because we have encountered an 'impossible moral requirement.' Drawing on philosophy, empirical psychology, and evolutionary theory, When Doing the Right Thing Is Impossible explores how and why human beings have constructed moral requirements to be binding even when they are impossible to fulfill.

Ethics.

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Aesthetics --- Ethics --- Christian ethics

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Provocative essays on real-world ethical questions from the world's most influential philosopher Peter Singer is often described as the world's most influential philosopher. He is also one of its most controversial. The author of important books such as Animal Liberation, Practical Ethics, Rethinking Life and Death, and The Life You Can Save, he helped launch the animal rights and effective altruism movements and contributed to the development of bioethics. Now, in Ethics in the Real World, Singer shows that he is also a master at dissecting important current events in a few hundred words. In this book of brief essays, he applies his controversial ways of thinking to issues like climate change, extreme poverty, animals, abortion, euthanasia, human genetic selection, sports doping, the sale of kidneys, the ethics of high-priced art, and ways of increasing happiness. Singer asks whether chimpanzees are people, smoking should be outlawed, or consensual sex between adult siblings should be decriminalized, and he reiterates his case against the idea that all human life is sacred, applying his arguments to some recent cases in the news. In addition, he explores, in an easily accessible form, some of the deepest philosophical questions, such as whether anything really matters and what is the value of the pale blue dot that is our planet. The collection also includes some more personal reflections, like Singer's thoughts on one of his favorite activities, surfing, and an unusual suggestion for starting a family conversation over a holiday feast. Now with a new afterword by the author, this provocative and original book will challenge—and possibly change—your beliefs about many real-world ethical questions.

Ethics, Modern. --- Philosophy. --- Ethics.