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The Russian military intervention in Syria began in autumn 2015 and was met with a wave of comments claiming that Russia had regained its global power position in the Middle East. The purpose of the present paper is to identify the nature of Russia's position as a power in the Middle East and to trace the motives guiding the Kremlin's Middle Eastern policy. The first part attempts to identify the place Middle Eastern policy occupies in the Kremlin's overall foreign policy and Moscow's priorities in the region. The second part describes the evolution of post-Soviet Russia's Middle Eastern policy, pointing to its growing involvement in the region on the one hand, and the instrumental nature of that involvement on the other. Because the Russian military intervention in Syria has been the central element of Russia's Middle Eastern policy since the autumn of 2015, the third part is devoted to analysing the reasons for and objectives of that intervention. Parts four and five delve into Russia's policy towards the countries it considers its most important regional partners, i.e. Turkey and Iran. Part six attempts to analyse the instruments with which Russia has built its position in the region and to assess the outcomes of its Middle Eastern policy and the challenges ahead of that policy.
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China --- Foreign relations. --- Military policy.
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China --- Foreign relations. --- Military policy.
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This is the first in a projected series of volumes of essays selected from World Politics, a journal of international relations sponsored by the Center of International Studies at Princeton University. The articles touch on several related subjects: the nature of national power and power balances and their perception; strategic studies; strategic surprise; the utility of military force; and national security decision making.Originally published in 1983.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
National security. --- Military policy. --- International relations.
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Deterrence (Strategy) --- Iran --- Military policy --- Foreign relations
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Strategy --- Military history. --- Military policy --- Military history. --- Military policy. --- Strategy. --- History. --- History. --- United States. --- United States.
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Au rythme actuel, la Chine est susceptible de devenir, dans moins d'une generation, la premiere puissance economique mondiale. Pas un continent n'echappe a sa presence, a son influence. La modernisation rapide de son outil militaire, le developpement de son industrie de defense et de son programme spatial, de ses capacites financieres et intellectuelles, mais aussi la croissance spectaculaire de ses investissements dans le secteur R&D, font d'ores et deja de la Chine une puissance globale, c'est-a-dire capable de se mouvoir dans les trois dimensions, terrestre, maritime et spatiale. Comment interpreter, cependant, l'ecart entre les proclamations rassurantes sur le caractere pacifique et responsable de sa puissance, et la poursuite d'un rearmement massif, servi par le deuxieme budget miitaire du monde, qui pousse Pekin a bousculer un statu quo regional qui ne la satisfait plus et a se declarer prete a recourir a la force armee dans les disputes territoriales si on l'y obligeait ? Comment decrypter la strategie - ou l'absence de strategie - de ses dirigeants ? Nourri par des echanges organises sous l'egide de l'IRSEM, ce livre collectif rassemble les contributions de plus d'une vingtaine d'auteurs venus de divers horizons. Il offre une analyse de la strategie et de l'influence de la Chine dans les espaces qu'elle a investis de maniere provilegiee, de la fin de la Guerre froide au tournant des annees 2015-2016, et des tensions que l'accroissement de son role et de ses activites peut susciter. Il eclaire les differentes etapes de la modernisation militaire chinoise, de ses champs d'application, de ses sources d'inspiration et de transferts technologiques, mais aussi de ses limites. Il invite a la modestie des conclusions, au developpement et a l'approfondissement continu des etudes strategiques sur la Chine.
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India is growing into one of Asia's most important military powers. Its defence budget has more than doubled in the past decade, and it imports more arms than anyone else in the world. But India is still seen as a land power focused on long, disputed and militarised borders with Pakistan and China rather than the global military force it was in the first half of the twentieth century under British rule. Is this changing ? India is acquiring increasing numbers of key platforms - aircraft carriers, amphibious ships, refuelling tankers and transport aircraft - that are extending its reach to the Indian ocean littoral and beyond. But most accounts of this build-up have been impressionistic and partial. This book assesses the strength, reach and purposes of India's maturing capabilities. It offers a systematic assessment of India's ability to conduct long-range air strikes from land and sea, transport and convey airborne and amphibious forces, and develop the institutional and material enablers that turn platforms into capabilities. It draws extensively on the lessons of modern expeditionary operations, and considers how India's growing interests might shape where and how it uses these evolving capabilities in the future. This study finds that Indian power projection is in a nascent state : limited in number, primarily of use against much-weaker adversaries and deficient in some key supporting capabilities. India's defence posture will continue to be shaped by local threats, rather than distant interests. Indian leaders remain uncomfortable with talk of military intervention and expeditionary warfare, associating these with colonial and superpower excess. But as the country's power, interests and capabilities all grow, India may once more find itself using military force beyond its land borders.
INDIA--DEFENSES --- INDIA--ARMED FORCES --- INDIA--MILITARY POLICY
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Economic sanctions, American --- United States --- Iran --- Foreign relations --- Military policy.
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