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Alors que la "gauche" semble avoir officiellement rompu avec le socialisme pour redevenir un avatar du libéralisme et qu'elle s'est, une bonne fois pour toutes, entièrement dissociée des classes populaires, l'hégémonie du bloc populiste-néolibéral semble inexpugnable. Seule la relance d'un programme socialiste à gauche de cette "gauche" libérale permettrait de la défaire, nous dit Franck Fischbach.Mais au préalable, il faut revenir aux hypothèses fondatrices du socialisme. Par un retour aux propositions philosophiques à la base de la pensée socialiste, notamment celles formulées par Hegel, Marx, Durkheim et Dewey, Franck Fischbach esquisse dans cet ouvrage un socialisme conscient de la rationalité du social, un socialisme de coopération entre égaux dont la tradition n'a été épuisée ni par l'Etat social ni par le socialisme "réel", loin de là.Les partis socialistes sont morts, vive le socialisme !
Socialisme --- Socialism --- Philosophy --- Philosophers, Modern --- Socialisme. --- Socialism.
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This book is the product of the 2nd World Conference on Environmental History, held in Guimarães, Portugal, in 2014. It gathers works by authors from the five continents, addressing concerns raised by past events so as to provide information to help manage the present and the future. It reveals how our cultural background and examples of past territorial intervention can help to combat political and cultural limitations through the common language of environmental benefits without disguising harmful past human interventions. Considering that political ideologies such as socialism and capitalism, as well as religion, fail to offer global paradigms for common ground, an environmentally positive discourse instead of an ecological determinism might serve as an umbrella common language to overcome blocking factors, real or invented, and avoid repeating ecological loss. Therefore, agency, environmental speech and historical research are urgently needed in order to sustain environmental paradigms and overcome political, cultural an economic interests in the public arena. This book intertwines reflections on our bonds with landscapes, processes of natural and scientific transfer across the globe, the changing of ecosystems, the way in which scientific knowledge has historically both accelerated destruction and allowed a better distribution of vital resources or as it, in today’s world, can offer alternatives that avoid harming those same vital natural resources: water, soil and air. In addition, it shows the relevance of cultural factors both in the taming of nature in favor of human comfort and in the role of the environment matters in the forging of cultural identities, which cannot be detached from technical intervention in the world. In short, the book firstly studies the past, approaching it as a data set of how the environment has shaped culture, secondly seeks to understand the present, and thirdly assesses future perspectives: what to keep, what to change, and what to dream anew, considering that conventional solutions have not sufficed to protect life on our planet.
Biology --- biologie --- socialisme --- kapitalisme
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Reimaginig Utopias explores the shifting social imaginaries of post-socialist transformations to understand what happens when the new and old utopias of post-socialism confront the new and old utopias of social science. This peer-reviewed volume addresses the theoretical, methodological, and ethical dilemmas encountered by researchers in the social sciences as they plan and conduct education research in post-socialist settings, as well as disseminate their research findings. Through an interdisciplinary inquiry that spans the fields of education, political science, sociology, anthropology, and history, the book explores three broad questions: How can we (re)imagine research to articulate new theoretical insights about post-socialist education transformations in the context of globalization? How can we (re)imagine methods to pursue alternative ways of producing knowledge? And how can we navigate various ethical dilemmas in light of academic expectations and fieldwork realities? Drawing on case studies, conceptual and theoretical essays, autoethnographic accounts, as well as synthetic introductory and conclusion chapters by the editors, this book advances an important conversation about these complicated questions in geopolitical settings ranging from post-socialist Africa to Eastern Europe and Central Asia. The contributors not only expose the limits of Western conceptual frameworks and research methods for understanding post-socialist transformations, but also engage creatively in addressing the persisting problems of knowledge hierarchies created by abstract universals, epistemic difference, and geographical distance inherent in comparative and international education research. This book challenges the readers to question the existing education narratives and rethink taken-for-granted beliefs, theoretical paradigms, and methodological frameworks in order to reimagine the world in more complex and pluriversal ways.
Teaching --- onderwijs --- opvoeding --- socialisme
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This book is the product of the 2nd World Conference on Environmental History, held in Guimarães, Portugal, in 2014. It gathers works by authors from the five continents, addressing concerns raised by past events so as to provide information to help manage the present and the future. It reveals how our cultural background and examples of past territorial intervention can help to combat political and cultural limitations through the common language of environmental benefits without disguising harmful past human interventions. Considering that political ideologies such as socialism and capitalism, as well as religion, fail to offer global paradigms for common ground, an environmentally positive discourse instead of an ecological determinism might serve as an umbrella common language to overcome blocking factors, real or invented, and avoid repeating ecological loss. Therefore, agency, environmental speech and historical research are urgently needed in order to sustain environmental paradigms and overcome political, cultural an economic interests in the public arena. This book intertwines reflections on our bonds with landscapes, processes of natural and scientific transfer across the globe, the changing of ecosystems, the way in which scientific knowledge has historically both accelerated destruction and allowed a better distribution of vital resources or as it, in today’s world, can offer alternatives that avoid harming those same vital natural resources: water, soil and air. In addition, it shows the relevance of cultural factors both in the taming of nature in favor of human comfort and in the role of the environment matters in the forging of cultural identities, which cannot be detached from technical intervention in the world. In short, the book firstly studies the past, approaching it as a data set of how the environment has shaped culture, secondly seeks to understand the present, and thirdly assesses future perspectives: what to keep, what to change, and what to dream anew, considering that conventional solutions have not sufficed to protect life on our planet.
Biology --- biologie --- socialisme --- kapitalisme
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C’est généralement au nom des valeurs que l’on refuse au « droit nazi » sa qualité de « droit ». Cette manière, évidemment légitime, présente cependant le défaut de ne pas permettre une véritable compréhension de ce droit étrange et inquiétant, de ce droit monstrueux et, à travers lui, de l’idéologie du nazisme, plus précisément de sa grammaire et de sa rhétorique. Au-delà d’une histoire du « droit nazi », de ses institutions et pratiques, ce sont ses discours qui sont ici interrogés, l’ordre du discours des nombreux juristes engagés pour dire le droit nazi. Par un exercice de tératologie juridique est ici mise au jour la façon dont les oxymores et inversions d’un langage totalitaire viennent bouleverser, renverser et travestir la langue du droit léguée par Rome, afin de justifier « en droit » l’injustifiable moral. Invitation à penser le droit « normal » et les enjeux de ses mutations actuelles qui semblent abandonner les ressources de son trésor latin – son abstraction et sa conceptualité –, cet essai ne se réserve pas aux seuls spécialistes ; il est porté par la conviction que l’analyse d’un versant monstrueux peut aider, en contrepoint, à méditer l’ordre raisonnable du droit
National-socialisme et droit --- Langage juridique --- National-socialisme et droit.
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Socialisme. --- Social-démocratie. --- Philosophie politique.
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Building Socialism reveals how East German writers' engagement with the rapidly changing built environment from the mid-1950s to the early 1970s constitutes an untold story about the emergence of literary experimentation in the post-War period. It breaks new ground by exploring the centrality of architecture to a mid-century modernist literature in dialogue with multiple literary and left-wing theoretical traditions and in tune with international assessments of modernist architecture and urban planning. Design and construction were a central part of politics and everyday life in East Germany during this time as buildings old and new were asked to bear heavy ideological and social burdens. In their novels, stories, and plays, Heiner Müller, Christa Wolf, Günter Kunert, Volker Braun, Günter de Bruyn, and Brigitte Reimann responded to enormous new factory complexes, experimental new towns, the demolition of Berlin's tenements, and the propagation of a pared-down modernist aesthetic in interior design. Writers' representation of the design, construction, and use of architecture formed part of a turn to modernist literary devices, including montage, metaphor, and shifting narrative perspectives. East Germany's literary architecture also represents a sophisticated theoretical reflection on the intractable problems of East Germany's socialist modernity, including the alliance between state socialism and technological modernization, competing commitments to working-class self-organization and the power of specialist planners and designers, and the attempt to create an alternative to fascism.
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This study provides a comprehensive analysis of representations of Holocaust perpetrators in literature. Such texts, often rather controversially, seek to undo the myth of pure evil that surrounds the Holocaust and to reconstruct the perpetrator in more human ("banal") terms. Following this line of thought, protagonists frequently place emphasis on the contextual or situational factors that led up to the genocide. A significant consequence of this is the impact that it has on the reader, who is thereby drawn into the narrative as a potential perpetrator who could, in similar circumstances, have acted in similar ways. The tensions that this creates, especially in relation to the construction of empathy, constitutes a major focus of this work. Making use of in excess of sixty primary sources, this work explores fictional accounts of Holocaust perpetration as well as Nazi memoirs. It will be of interest to anyone working in the broad areas of Holocaust literature and/or perpetrator studies.
Shoah. --- Nationaux-socialistes. --- National-socialisme et littérature.
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Le XIXe siècle passe pour le siècle de l'histoire, de sociétés modernes hantées par leur productions tant matérielles que culturelles, s'arrachant par le travail, la technique et la science aux contraintes de la nature. Notre ouvrage propose de montrer à l'inverse, que les pensées sociales de la période ont entretenu d'étroits rapports avec le concept, diversement élaboré, de nature. Le socialisme est un terrain fécond pour déployer une telle relecture tant il semble éclairer - dans ses nombreuses variantes - les modalités par lesquelles la nature est appréhendée comme un moyen de penser non seulement la consistance du social mais aussi les manières d'intervenir sur et de le transformer.
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Si l'on veut réellement rassembler la grande majorité des classes populaires autour d'un programme de déconstruction graduelle du système capitaliste (et non pas simplement accroître ses privilèges électoraux), il faut impérativement commencer par remettre en question ce vieux système de clivages fondé sur la "confiance aveugle dans l'idée de progrès", dont les présupposés philosophiques de plus en plus paralysants (du type "parti de demain" celui de la Silicon Valley contre "parti d'hier" celui de l'agriculture paysanne ou de la culture du livre) ne cessent d'offrir depuis plus de trente ans à la gauche européenne le moyen idéal de dissimuler sa réconciliation totale avec le capitalisme sous les dehors beaucoup plus séduisants d'une lutte "citoyenne" permanente contre toutes les idées "réactionnaires" et "passéistes".
Capitalisme --- Libéralisme --- Socialisme --- Economics --- Socialism --- Capitalism --- Economie politique et politique --- Political aspects --- Libéralisme. --- Capitalisme. --- Socialisme.
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