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Considérée au départ, dans les célèbres articles d'Abel (1884-85), relaye par Freud (1910), comme une aberration linguistique qui ne saurait s'expliquer qu'en tant que scorie d'un stade primitif de l'humanité, l'énantiosémie - le fait de signifier une chose et son contraire - n'a pas beaucoup retenu l'attention des chercheurs. C'est pourquoi la première partie du livre s'attache a montrer qu'il s'agit d'un phénomène courant, comme l'avait déjà reconnu Bergier (1837), aussi bien en français qu'en anglais (ch. 1 et 2). Dans la tradition linguistique arabe, au contraire, l'énantiosémie a fait l'objet d'un grand nombre de lexiques spécialises qui mettent les données à la portée de tous. Ces données sont interprétées ici dans le cadre de la Théorie des matrices et des étymons, qui renouvelle complètement l'organisation du lexique de l'arabe et des langues sémitiques. Il s'ensuit que l'énantiosémie est abordée au niveau des étymons en non plus des racines, ce qui accroit considérablement l'inventaire des cas. On procède a un inventaire des étymons énantiosémiques (ch. 3), avant de proposer quatre types d'explication du phénomène (ch. 4). Les étymons énantiosémiques sont alors présentes sous forme d'un lexique par ordre alphabétique (ch. 5). Enfin un chapitre est consacré aux radicaux qui, pour l'instant, ne sont pas analysables en étymons mais qui constituent néanmoins des mots "à sens contraire" (ch. 6).
Arabic language --- Vocabulary --- Polysemy
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This paper discusses the morphological means used to express verbal aspect in Resian. A marked difference can be observed between the native Slavic verbal lexicon, which mainly shows prefixation, thereby creating perfective forms, and that of Romance origin, where prefixation is almost completely absent and suffixation abounds, thereby creating imperfective forms.
Morphology. --- Vocabulary --- Ability testing.
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This paper discusses the morphological means used to express verbal aspect in Resian. A marked difference can be observed between the native Slavic verbal lexicon, which mainly shows prefixation, thereby creating perfective forms, and that of Romance origin, where prefixation is almost completely absent and suffixation abounds, thereby creating imperfective forms.
Morphology. --- Vocabulary --- Ability testing.
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This book is written for teachers of young children aged from 5 to 12 years in primary schools who want to support students' English vocabulary. Most of these children will be native speakers of English, although the increasing cultural and linguistic diversity of our communities suggests a significant number will be from homes where other languages are used dominantly, or at least interwoven with English.‘Knowing your learners' should underpin teachers' pedagogical decisions and the pathways of learning followed in the classroom. When learners are not native speakers of English—in the strict sense of using English as the only or dominant language in the family—this needs to be taken account of in approaches to develop learners' vocabulary knowledge.The book draws strongly on research, but it is written in a non-academic way so that teachers are given clear, direct advice on teaching vocabulary. Each chapter ends with a discussion of relevant and useful research so that teachers can read more deeply on topics that interest them.This book contains many resources for teachers, such as a Picture Vocabulary Size Test, ready-to-use activities for word consciousness-raising, and information about word parts.
Vocabulary --- Vocabulary --- Study and teaching (Elementary). --- Study and teaching (Elementary).
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This volume takes a variety of approaches to the question 'what is a word?', with particular emphasis on where in the grammar wordhood is determined. Chapters in the book all start from the assumption that structures at, above, and below the 'word' are built in the same derivational system: there is no lexicalist grammatical subsystem dedicated to word-building. This type of framework foregrounds the difficulty in defining wordhood. Questions such as whether there are restrictions on the size of structures that distinguish words from phrases, or whether there are combinatory operations that are specific to one or the other, are central to the debate. In this respect, chapters in the volume do not all agree. Some propose wordhood to be limited to entities defined by syntactic heads, while others propose that phrasal structure can be found within words. Some propose that head-movement and adjunction (and Morphological Merger, as its mirror image) are the manner in which words are built, while others propose that phrasal movements are crucial to determining the order of morphemes word-internally. 00All chapters point to the conclusion that the phonological domains that we call words are read off of the morphosyntactic structure in particular ways. It is the study of this interface, between the syntactic and phonological modules of Universal Grammar, that underpins the discussion in this volume.
Grammar, Comparative and general --- Vocabulary. --- Word formation.
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Contains user-friendly lists of Arabic-English intelligence terms with brief definitionsWhat is the Arabic term for ‘Double Agent’? How would you say ‘Plausible Deniability’? Can you recognise the phrase 'False-flag Recruitment'? Or ‘Canary Trap’?This short, accessible vocabulary gives you ready-made lists of over 1000 key terms in intelligence Arabic for translating both from and into Arabic and includes brief definitions. It is divided into seven key areas:General termsAnalysisHuman intelligenceOperationsCounterintelligenceSignals intelligenceAcronymsKey featuresPresents a comprehensive list of 1000 intelligence terms searchable in Arabic and English, with brief definitionsTerms are ordered alphabetically in English within each section; an Arabic index eases the search for terms in this language Online audio materials aid learning and help self-assessment
Arabic language --- Semitic languages --- English. --- Vocabulary.
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The words you need to communicate with confidence. Vocabulary explanations and practice for elementary level (A2) learners of English. Perfect for both self-study and classroom activities. Quickly expand your vocabulary with 60 units of easy to understand explanations and practice exercises. Be confident about what you are learning, thanks to Cambridge research into how English is really spoken and written and get better at studying by yourself, with study tips, follow-up tasks and an easy to use answer key.
English language --- Vocabulary --- Grammar --- Vocabulary. --- English language. --- Grammar. --- Self-instruction. --- English language - Textbooks for foreign speakers --- English language - Grammar --- Vocabulary - Problems, exercises, etc.
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This is a study of the vocabulary which the Greeks used to speak about states different from the polis (city-state). Some of these states, such as Boeotia in the fourth, and Achaea and Aetolia in the third century BC, reached superpower status in Greek politics. Nowadays these states are commonly called federal, but we lack any serious reflection of federalism in Greek political thought. In pursuit of specifically federalist language Rzepka examines the inscriptions testifying to the working of Greek leagues and the life of federal Greeks, as well as a vast range of Classical authors. He argues that the deliberate choice of technical terms, and especially the emergence of federalist jargon in the Hellenistic period, reflect the development of the federalist path in Greek political thought.
Greek language --- Federal government --- Vocabulary. --- Greece --- Politics and government.
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Corpus Linguistics for Vocabulary provides a practical introduction to using corpus linguistics in vocabulary studies. Using freely available corpus tools, the author provides a step-by-step guide on how corpora can be used to explore key vocabulary-related research questions and topics such as:The frequency of English words and how to choose which ones should be taught to learners;How spoken vocabulary differs from written vocabulary, and how academic vocabulary differs from general vocabulary;How vocabulary contributes to the structure of discourse, and the pragmatic functions it fulfils.Featuring case studies and tasks throughout, Corpus Linguistics for Vocabulary provides a clear and accessible guide and is essential reading for students and teachers wanting to understand, appreciate and conduct corpus-based research in vocabulary studies.
E-books --- Corpora (Linguistics) --- Vocabulary --- Linguistic analysis (Linguistics) --- Computational linguistics --- Research --- Lexicology. Semantics --- English language --- Vocabulary - Research --- Computational linguistics.
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