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War is coming. In Tribalization Koert Debeuf depicts war as an inevitable outcome should the current decreasing of democracy and globalization continue. To describe this worldwide process towards more authoritarian nationalism and fundamentalism The author coins the term tribalization to describe this worldwide process, towards a more authoritarian nationalism and fundamentalism, and reminds his readership of the highly similar 1930s. The election of Donald Trump as president of the United States, the dangerous politics of world leaders like Vladimir Putin, and terrorism are but a few exponents of the worldwide tribalization process that is currently fuelling geopolitics.00Leaving traditional explanations aside, Debeuf explains the continuous historical interaction between globalization and tribalization not merely as a economic or political phenomenon. Tribalization is collective psychology, it interrupts globalization when communities react to collective trauma by returning to their mythical, tribal past. Debeuf?s insights are based on history and psychology but also on his personal experience during the Arab Revolution, and during his previous political functions, both as an advisor to the former Belgian Prime Minister and as European Union official.

BPB9999 --- #SBIB:327.1H20 --- #SBIB:327.5H20 --- Sociologie van de internationale betrekkingen: algemeen --- Vredesonderzoek: algemeen --- BPB1812 --- Géopolitique --- Guerre --- Sécurité internationale --- Geopolitiek --- Oorlog --- Internationale veiligheid --- Cultuurfilosofie. Cultuurpsychologie --- Politieke filosofie. Sociale filosofie --- Philosophy and psychology of culture --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- History and criticism --- Political and social views --- διεθνής ασφάλεια --- internationale Sicherheit --- international sikkerhed --- tarptautinis saugumas --- kansainvälinen turvallisuus --- international security --- меѓународна безбедност --- medzinárodná bezpečnosť --- siguri ndërkombëtare --- rahvusvaheline julgeolek --- internationell säkerhet --- segurança internacional --- международна сигурност --- starptautiskā drošība --- seguridad internacional --- sicurezza internazionale --- mednarodna varnost --- bezpieczeństwo międzynarodowe --- međunarodna sigurnost --- mezinárodní bezpečnost --- међународна безбедност --- internationale veiligheid --- nemzetközi biztonság --- securitate internațională --- sigurtà internazzjonali --- equilibrio internacional --- internationell jämvikt --- međunarodna ravnoteža --- světová rovnováha --- διεθνής ισορροπία --- ekuilibër ndërkombëtar --- medzinárodná rovnováha --- tarptautinė pusiausvyra --- меѓународна рамнотежа --- internationaal evenwicht --- equilíbrio internacional --- drošības intereses --- starptautiskais līdzsvars --- internationales Gleichgewicht --- nemzetközi egyensúly --- international balance --- Διάσκεψη του Ελσίνκι --- equilibrio internazionale --- rahvusvaheline tasakaal --- echilibru internațional --- équilibre international --- mezinárodní rovnováha --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- geopolityka --- ġeopolitika --- geopoliitika --- geopolitika --- Geopolitik --- geopolitik --- геополитика --- geopolitica --- geopolitiek --- geopolitică --- geopolítica --- γεωπολιτική --- geopolitics --- gjeopolitikë --- geopholaitíocht --- ģeopolitika --- geopolitiikka --- slándáil idirnáisiúnta --- cogadh --- Sécurité internationale --- Géopolitique --- guerre

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Si les combattants, du fait de l'intensité des batailles et du nombre de ceux qui y sont engagés, concentrent l'intérêt historique, les populations des « régions envahies » en France du nord et du nord est et en Belgique, inventent quelques formes « d'une résistance sans armes » selon les termes utilisés dès les années 1920. Aide à l'évacuation des soldats qui veulent éviter la captivité, recherche de renseignements sur des objectifs militaires, publication des journaux clandestins, illustrent quelques-unes des pratiques de civils volontaires qui s'engagent au sein d'une population hostile au travail pour l'Allemand malgré les difficultés de la vie quotidienne. Quelques noms ont échappé à l'usure du temps. Gabrielle Petit ou Édith Cavell en Belgique, Léon Trulin, Eugène Jacquet, Louise de Bettignies, en France du Nord, offrent des exemples de ce patriotisme qui agit de part et d'autres de la frontière. Cette publication est le fruit des recherches menées par des historiens français et belges qui ont confronté leurs analyses au cours de la cinquième journée d'études bisannuelles tenue, en partenariat la ville et le Musée de la Résistance de Bondues, en janvier 2010.

World War, 1914-1918 --- Première guerre mondiale --- Underground movements --- Mouvements de résistance --- France --- Belgium --- Belgique --- History --- Histoire --- BPB1212 --- Guerre --- Oorlog --- België --- Frankrijk --- Première guerre mondiale --- Mouvements de résistance --- Francuska --- Franciaország --- An Fhrainc --- Frankrig --- Franza --- Frankrike --- Francja --- Franța --- Франция --- Francia --- Francúzsko --- Franca --- Francie --- Francija --- Франција --- Γαλλία --- Француска --- Prantsusmaa --- Prancūzija --- França --- Ranska --- Frankreich --- Ranskan tasavalta --- Republica Franceză --- Francúzska republika --- Prancūzijos Respublika --- Republika Franceze --- Република Франција --- République française --- Republiken Frankrike --- Γαλλική Δημοκρατία --- die Französische Republik --- Francuska Republika --- Franse Republiek --- Француска Република --- French Republic --- Francijas Republika --- ir-Repubblika Franċiża --- Republika Francuska --- Den Franske Republik --- Francia Köztársaság --- República Francesa --- Francouzská republika --- Repubblica francese --- Prantsuse Vabariik --- Francoska republika --- Френска република --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- cogadh --- mouvements de résistance

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Ze was de eerste arbeidersvrouw in Europa die een standbeeld kreeg. Haar leven werd tweemaal verfilmd in Hollywood. Toch is Gabrielle Petit in de vergetelheid geraakt. De internationaal gerenommeerde historica Sophie De Schaepdrijver vertelt het boeiende levensverhaal van de jonge patriottische vrouw die tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog in België spioneerde voor het Britse leger, tot ze in 1916 door de Duitsers werd ontmaskerd en voor een vuurpeloton kwam te staan. Sophie De Schaepdrijver wekt Gabrielle Petit opnieuw tot leven in deze beklijvende biografie.

Petit, Gabrielle, --- Spionage --- BPB9999 --- België --- Wereldoorlog I --- Petit, Gabrielle --- BPB1812 --- Guerre --- Espionnage --- Biographie --- Belgique --- Oorlog --- Biografie --- de Schaepdrijver, Sophie --- Belgium --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- elulookirjeldus --- bijografija --- biography --- elämäkerta --- biografia --- biografija --- biografía --- βιογραφία --- biografie --- životopis --- življenjepis --- биография --- биографија --- életrajz --- biogrāfija --- biografi --- autobiografi --- önéletrajz --- autobiography --- gyvenimo aprašymas --- autobiografija --- autobiografía --- semblanza --- biografický slovník --- autobiografie --- autobiogrāfija --- автобиографија --- omaelämäkerta --- självbiografi --- biográfia --- biograafia --- autobiografia --- önéletírás --- selvbiografi --- αυτοβιογραφία --- Autobiografie --- memoárová literatura --- autobiographie --- autobiograafia --- шпионажа --- шпионаж --- szpiegostwo --- kémkedés --- espionaje --- spionage --- controspionaggio --- espionage --- šnipinėjimas --- κατασκοπία --- vakoilu --- vohunjenje --- шпијунажа --- spionaj --- salakuulamine --- spjunaġġ --- špionáž --- spiegošana --- spiunazh --- espionagem --- špijunaža --- vyzvědačství --- систем за електронско прислушување --- ECHELON-System --- ešelons --- špehování --- σύστημα Echelon --- spionaaž --- Echelon (afluister- en onderscheppingssysteem) --- Echelon --- Échelon --- Ешелон --- Echelon-kémrendszer --- ECHELON --- lehallgatás --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- beathaisnéis --- spiaireacht --- cogadh --- 960 --- Brussel geschiedenis --- Eerste Wereldoorlog --- levensbeschrijvingen --- biographies et mémoires

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Naar schatting 315.000 van de 355.000 gemobiliseerde Belgische soldaten overleefden de Eerste Wereldoorlog. Na meer dan vier jaar oorlogsgeweld konden ze eind 1918 eindelijk naar huis terugkeren. De overlevenden brengt het bijzondere politieke verhaal van deze teruggekeerde soldaten en schetst hoe de oorlog hun leven voorgoed veranderde. De oud-strijders zouden immers geen genoegen nemen met een eenvoudige terugkeer naar hun vooroorlogse bestaan. Ze waren ervan overtuigd dat ze vanwege hun oorlogsinspanning erkenning verdienden én dat ze een belangrijke, nieuwe rol te spelen hadden in de Belgische samenleving. Als overlevenden voelden de oud-strijders ook een morele verplichting ten aanzien van hun gevallen kameraden. Van bij hun terugkeer zouden de oud-strijders zich als een bijzonder aanwezige en strijdlustige groep ontpoppen, die het Belgische establishment zowel in de dorps- als in de Wetstraat regelmatig kopzorgen bezorgde. De geschiedenis van hun gevecht tussen beide wereldoorlogen bleef tot nu toe grotendeels ongeschreven. In dit boek wordt de strijd van de Belgische oud-strijders voor erkenning van hun rechten, sociale rechtvaardigheid en bescherming van hun vaderland weer tot leven gewekt

History of Belgium and Luxembourg --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1930-1939 --- anno 1920-1929 --- BPB9999 --- Geschiedenis van België en Luxemburg --- 949.3.09 --- 949.3.034 --- BPB1903 --- Ancien combattant --- Guerre --- Histoire contemporaine --- Belgique --- 949.3.09 Geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging --- Geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging --- 949.3.034 Geschiedenis van België: 1ste wereldoorlog (1914-1918) --- Geschiedenis van België: 1ste wereldoorlog (1914-1918) --- Oud-strijder --- Oorlog --- Hedendaagse geschiedenis --- België --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Anciens combattants --- Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) --- Belgium --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- contemporary history --- suvremena povijest --- historia contemporánea --- samtidshistoria --- sodobna zgodovina --- Geschichte der Gegenwart --- istorie contemporană --- storia contemporanea --- hedendaagse geschiedenis --- soudobá historie --- nykyhistoria --- súčasné dejiny --- lähiajalugu --- šiuolaikinė istorija --- História Contemporânea --- samtidshistorie --- legújabb kori történelem --- σύγχρονη ιστορία --- histori bashkëkohore --- storja kontemporanja --- съвременна история --- jauno laiku vēsture --- historia współczesna --- современа историја --- савремена историја --- tegenwoordige tijd --- età contemporanea --- gegenwärtige Epoche --- современа епоха --- историја на новата ера --- nutidshistoria --- historie současnosti --- nykyaika --- σύγχρονη εποχή --- nutidshistorie --- современа ера --- Gegenwartsgeschichte --- σύγχρονα χρόνια --- nutid --- nieuwste geschiedenis --- epoka bashkëkohore --- jelenkor --- Idade Contemporânea --- актуелна историја --- âge contemporain --- contemporary era --- suvremena era --- Edad Contemporánea --- nüüdisaeg --- současná historie --- samtid --- époque contemporaine --- šiuolaikinė era --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- ehemaliger Kriegsteilnehmer --- воен ветеран --- ратни ветеран --- ratni veteran --- katonaviselt --- vojnový veterán --- ex servizz --- krigsveteran --- ex combattente --- ex-serviceman --- vojni veteran --- oud-strijder --- veteran de război --- excombatiente --- válečný veterán --- ish-ushtarak --- antigo combatente --- karo veteranas --- sotaveteraani --- kombatant --- παλαιός πολεμιστής --- бивш военнослужещ --- sõjaveteran --- bijusī militārpersona --- demobilizirani pripadnik oružanih snaga --- демобилизирано лице --- vysloužilec --- vysloužilý voják --- razvojačena osoba --- демобилизација --- veterán --- demobilizācija --- Veteran --- Veterans --- stair chomhaimseartha --- Wereldoorlog 1 --- cogadh --- iarbhall de na fórsaí armtha --- 920 --- België leger --- België 20ste eeuw --- geschiedenis België --- histoire Belgique --- World War, 1914-1918 - Veterans - Belgium

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In zijn wereldberoemde boek Utopia beschrijft de Engelse humanist Thomas More een ideale staat. Vijf eeuwen na de publicatie reist Ludo De Brabander door de ?Democratische Federatie van Noordelijk Syrië?. Hij wrijft zich de ogen uit. Radicale basisdemocratie, gelijkheid tussen man en vrouw en etnisch-cultureel pluralisme: dan ben je ver van de clichés over de regio. De Brabander is getuige van een uniek experiment op de puinhopen van dit nu al jarenlang door oorlog geteisterde land. Maar tegelijkertijd stelt hij vast dat de weg naar Utopia met hindernissen bezaaid is. Zeker, de alliantie van Koerdische Volksbeschermingseenheden en hun bondgenoten boekt succes in haar strijd tegen Islamitische Staat. Maar wat als IS helemaal verdreven is? De Democratische Federatie van Noordelijk Syrië staat centraal in het geostrategische schaakspel dat regionale en internationale grootmachten in Syrië uitvechten. Een verhaal over mythes en het democratisch confederalisme als mogelijk model voor Syrië.Bron : http://www.epo.be

BPB9999 --- BPB1901 --- Turquie --- Iran --- Iraq --- Syrie --- Guerre froide --- Turkije --- Irak --- Syrië --- Koude oorlog --- État islamique --- Moyen-Orient --- Guerre --- Islamitische staat --- Midden-Oosten --- Oorlog --- Political systems --- Turkey --- Syria --- Foreign relations --- Kurds --- Koerden --- Politiek --- Buitenlandse politiek --- Vredesproblematiek --- Polemology --- Kurdistan --- háború --- karas --- rat --- karš --- luftë --- válka --- Krieg --- wojna --- војна --- war --- sota --- krig --- рат --- πόλεμος --- vojna --- война --- război --- guerra --- sõda --- oorlog --- gwerra --- ozbrojený konflikt --- relvastatud konflikt --- fegyveres konfliktus --- väpnad konflikt --- aseellinen selkkaus --- conflitto --- oružani sukob --- válečný konflikt --- conflitto armato --- invasione armata --- bewaffneter Konflikt --- konflikt i armatosur --- εμπόλεμη κατάσταση --- armed conflict --- conflit armé --- ginkluotas konfliktas --- σύρραξη --- apertura delle ostilità --- gewapend conflict --- væbnet konflikt --- bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung --- conflict armat --- relvakonflikt --- dichiarazione di guerra --- conflito armado --- conflicto armado --- ozbrojený útočný čin --- ένοπλη σύγκρουση --- вооружен судир --- Блиски Исток --- Lähi-itä --- Tuvie un Vidējie Austrumi --- Naher und Mittlerer Osten --- Среден Исток --- Middle East --- Viduriniai Rytai --- Blízký a Střední východ --- Lindja e Mesme --- Środkowy Wschód --- Bliski istok --- Vicino e Medio Oriente --- Médio Oriente --- Bližnji in Srednji Vzhod --- Lvant Nofsani --- Nær- og Mellemøsten --- Orientul Mijlociu --- Közel-Kelet --- Близък и Среден изток --- Cercano y Medio Oriente --- Μέση και Εγγύς Ανατολή --- Mellanöstern --- Stredný východ --- Lähis-Ida --- Kesk-Ida --- Vestasien --- západní Asie --- Near East --- Δυτική Ασία --- Naher Osten --- Střední východ --- Ásia Ocidental --- Nyugat-Ázsia --- West-Azië --- landen van het Nabije Oosten --- Vicino Oriente --- Westasien --- Asie occidentale --- Oriente Medio --- Nærøsten --- Nabije Oosten --- Mittlerer Osten --- västra Asien --- Εγγύς Ανατολή --- Främre Orienten --- Proche-Orient --- Medio Oriente --- Asia occidentale --- Den Nære Orient --- Artimieji Rytai --- Oriente Próximo --- Asia occidental --- Orientul Apropiat --- Blízky východ --- Mellemøsten --- Lindje e Afërt --- Blízký východ --- Próximo Oriente --- Μέση Ανατολή --- islamischer Staat --- islamský štát --- Stato islamico --- islamiriik --- Исламска држава --- islamska država --- Islamic State --- Estado islámico --- islamilainen valtio --- islamo valstybė --- kraje muzułmańskie --- ислямска държава --- ισλαμικό κράτος --- Stat Iżlamiku --- islámský stát --- stat islamic --- исламска држава --- islamisk stat --- islāma valsts --- Shtet islamik --- Estado islâmico --- iszlám állam --- muslimský stát --- arabský stát --- муслиманска држава --- An tSiria --- Síria --- Szíria --- Sýria --- Sirija --- Συρία --- Сирия --- Syyria --- Syrien --- Siria --- Sýrie --- Сирија --- Süüria --- Sīrija --- is-Sirja --- Den Syriske Arabiske Republik --- Repubblica araba siriana --- Syryjska Republika Arabska --- Sýrska arabská republika --- die Arabische Republik Syrien --- Сирийска арабска република --- Sīrijas Arābu Republika --- République arabe syrienne --- Republica Arabă Siriană --- Arabische Republiek Syrië --- Αραβική Δημοκρατία της Συρίας --- Republika Arabe e Sirisë --- Арапска Република Сирија --- Sirska arabska republika --- Syrská arabská republika --- ir-Repubblika Għarbija Sirjana --- Сиријска Арапска Република --- Arabrepubliken Syrien --- Syrian Arab Republic --- República Árabe Siria --- Szíriai Arab Köztársaság --- Syyrian arabitasavalta --- Süüria Araabia Vabariik --- Sirijska Arapska Republika --- República Árabe Síria --- Sirijos Arabų Respublika --- Turquia --- Turcia --- Turkki --- Turkiet --- Turcija --- Turčija --- Turchia --- Τουρκία --- Турция --- An Tuirc --- Turquía --- Törökország --- Turkija --- Tyrkiet --- Турска --- Turecko --- it-Turkija --- Turska --- Турција --- Turqia --- die Türkei --- Türgi --- Turcja --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turčija --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republiek Turkije --- République de Turquie --- Republika Turska --- Република Турска --- Török Köztársaság --- Türgi Vabariik --- República da Turquia --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Turkin tasavalta --- Republika e Turqisë --- Република Турција --- die Republik Türkei --- Turkijos Respublika --- Република Турция --- Turecká republika --- República de Turquía --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- Turcijas Republika --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- ir-Repubblika tat-Turkija --- Republica Turcia --- Maatschappij --- Film --- An Stát Ioslamach --- An Meánoirthear --- cogadh --- Republic of Türkiye --- Türkiye --- État islamique