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In 2015 and 2016, migrant flows into the European Union (EU) surged, with Greece and Italy the main entry points. Many of the migrants applied for international protection in Europe, becoming asylum seekers. This spike in EU asylum seekers, as well as the increasing numbers of those granted refugee status, brought a need for information on who they are their sociodemographic characteristics; their education and work experience; their experience on the journey to Italy and Greece; and what it cost them not only financially but also physically and emotionally to get there. This study took a rigorous approach to ensure that it produced hard data to support policy decisions, decisions made not only in receiving countries but also in countries of origin and transit. This report then, contributes to knowledge of aspects of migration and forced displacement, but much more has yet to be learned.
Conflict and Development --- Educational Attainment --- Inequality --- Literacy --- Migration --- Poverty Reduction --- Psychology --- Social Conflict and Violence --- Social Development --- Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
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Southern Africa has a long history of human mobility centered around the migration of labor to farms and mines in the region. Patterns of migration and displacement have since been transformed by the end of Apartheid, changing economic systems, and conflict and political instability, both in the region and elsewhere. Today mobility in the region is motivated by a combination of diverse social, political and economic reasons; shaped by long-standing historical movements and re-shaped by newer patterns of urbanization and displacement; organized through various legal and extra-legal means and governed by fragmented and contradictory legal frameworks. These complex patterns of migration and displacement, state responses to them, and the implications of mobility for job outcomes in South Africa - as the major destination country in the region - are the subject matter of this study. Our quantitative analysis on the impact of immigration on local jobs in South Africa finds that one immigrant worker generates approximately two jobs for South Africans during the period analyzed (1996 and 2011). These results and the substantiations provided in this publication are significant for policy makers and development actors in South Africa and the wider region, and as such, their implications should be seriously considered.
Human Migrations and Resettlements --- Inequality --- International Migration --- Job Creation --- Labor Market --- Labor Markets --- Labor Policies --- Migration --- Poverty Reduction --- Refugees --- Social Development --- Social Protections and Labor --- Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement
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This volume investigates how a justice framework is relevant to the analysis of international law's role in relation to people movement in the climate change context.
Climatic changes --- Emigration and immigration law. --- Forced migration --- Environmental refugees --- Social aspects. --- Law and legislation. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Environmental migrants --- Environmentally displaced persons --- Refugees --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Emigration and immigration --- Immigrants --- Immigration law --- Law, Emigration --- Law, Immigration --- International travel regulations --- Law and legislation
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"The book explores resettlement policies conducted by Russian Empire and the Soviet Union in the South Caucasus in 1817-1953. The author investigates the state-managed population transfers concerning Germans, Russians, Armenians and Azerbaijanis. Farid Shafiyev offers insights on imperial tools to manage space and people in Muslim borderlands. The research seeks to find not only parallels and continuity between the resettlement policies of Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union, but also aims at analyzing the modalities and complexities of empire-building in the borderlands under investigation. Among key findings is the nexus between foreign policy and religious factors in population transfers. The focus of the study is also the impact of demographical changes on the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict. The author presents newly available archival material from Azerbaijani deposits concerning the Soviet period."--
Forced migration --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- History --- Caucasus, South --- Ethnic relations --- Haravayin Kovkaz --- I︠U︡zhnyĭ Kavkaz --- Samxretʻ Kavkasia --- South Caucasus --- Transcaucasia --- Transcaucasus --- Zakavkazʹe --- Zakavkazʹye
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"This collection of papers explores whether a meaningful distinction can be made in the archaeological record between migrations in general and conflict-induced migration in particular and whether the concept of conflict-induced migration is at all relevant to understand the major societal collapse of Bronze Age societies in the Eastern Mediterranean in the late 13th c. BCE. Helped by modern perspectives on actual and recent cases of conflict-induced migration and by textual evidence on ancient events, the different areas of the Mediterranean affected by the Late Bronze Age events are explored"--Back cover.
Burial. --- Death --- Archaeology --- Forced migration --- Refugees --- Social archaeology --- Displaced persons --- Persons --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Methodology --- Mediterranean Region --- Antiquities. --- Archäologie. --- Catastrophes naturelles --- Flüchtling. --- Forced migration. --- Migration. --- Migrations de peuples --- Mobilität. --- Peuples de la Mer --- Refugees. --- Réfugiés --- Social archaeology. --- Transferts de population --- Aspect social. --- Histoire. --- Aspect environnemental. --- Eastern Mediterranean (region (geographic)). --- Levante. --- Mediterranean Region. --- Mittelmeerküste --- Mittelmeerküste.
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"Being a "refugee" is not simply the act of flight or a matter of being defined as such by a set of determination procedures. It is an ontological condition, structured by the politics of law, affect and territory. Refugeehood and the Post-Conflict Subject is an exploration of the variable facets of refugeehood, their interconnections, and their intended and unintended consequences. Based on more than a decade of research on the island of Cyprus, author Olga Demetriou examines how different groups of "refugees" coexist, and how this co-existence invites re-interpretations of the law and its politics. The long-standing political conflict in Cyprus has produced not just the paradigmatic, legally recognized "refugee" but also other groups of displaced persons not so categorized. The people and circumstances encountered reveal the tensions and contestations within which the refugee regime is mired, within and beyond the 1951 Refugee Convention; Demetriou argues that any re-interpretation that will take account of these tensions will also need to recognize that these minor losses are not incidental to refugeehood but an intrinsic part of the wider issues at play"--
Refugees --- Citizenship --- Forced migration --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Birthright citizenship --- Citizenship (International law) --- National citizenship --- Nationality (Citizenship) --- Political science --- Public law --- Allegiance --- Civics --- Domicile --- Political rights --- Displaced persons --- Persons --- Aliens --- Deportees --- Exiles --- Government policy --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Law and legislation --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Refugees - Government policy - Cyprus --- Refugees - Cyprus --- Citizenship - Moral and ethical aspects --- Forced migration - Moral and ethical aspects
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"The last twenty years have seen a rapid increase in scholarly activity and publications dedicated to environmental migration and displacement, and the field has now reached a point in terms of profile, complexity, and sheer volume of reporting that a general review and assessment of existing knowledge and future research priorities is warranted. So far, such a product does not exist. Routledge Handbook of Environmental Displacement and Migration provides a state-of-the-science review of research on how environmental variability and change influence current and future global migration patterns and, in some instances, trigger large-scale population displacements. Drawing together contributions from leading researchers in the field, this compendium will become a go-to guide for established and newly interested scholars, for government and policymaking entities, and for students and their instructors. It explains theoretical, conceptual, and empirical developments that have been made in recent years; describes their origins and connections to broader topics including migration research, development studies, and international public policy and law; and, highlights emerging areas where new and/or additional research and reflection are warranted. The structure and the nature of the book allows the reader to quickly find a concise review relevant to conducting research or developing policy on particular topics, and to obtain a broad, reliable survey of what is presently known about the subject"--
Emigration and immigration --- Forced migration --- Environmental refugees. --- Climatic changes --- Environmental aspects. --- Effect of human beings on. --- Environmental refugees --- #SBIB:314H250 --- #SBIB:39A6 --- #SBIB:303H12 --- Environmental aspects --- Effect of human beings on --- Migratie: algemeen --- Etniciteit / Migratiebeleid en -problemen --- Methoden en technieken: sociale wetenschappen --- Anthropogenic effects on climatic changes --- Human ecology --- Cleansing, Ethnic --- Compulsory resettlement --- Ethnic cleansing --- Ethnic purification --- Involuntary resettlement --- Migration, Forced --- Purification, Ethnic --- Relocation, Forced --- Resettlement, Involuntary --- Migration, Internal --- Immigration --- International migration --- Migration, International --- Population geography --- Assimilation (Sociology) --- Colonization --- Environmental migrants --- Environmentally displaced persons --- Refugees --- Human beings --- Environmental degradation --- Migrations.
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