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The book describes the role of singing and (folk) songs in the Gorizia Hills (Goriška brda) within the processes of shaping the political nation and facilitating national identification in the second half of the nineteenth century. In addition to the use of the Slovene language at school and church and defining Slovene as the language of common use in censuses, national activists encouraged inhabitants to express identification with the singing of Slovene “folk” songs. Therefore they promoted the performances of choirs and tried to sweep-out the singing of non-Slovene songs - especially Friulian and Italian. The singing outside the reading and singing societies was influenced by the way of life, which was strongly marked by the system of tenant farming. The book also presents the research of folk songs in the Gorizia Hills, with special emphasis on short songs with strong dialect features, which in everyday life of the inhabitants complemented the repertoire of folk and religious songs known in the wider Slovenian territory. Monografija Vi čuvarji ste obmejni osvetljuje dejavnike in procese, ki so v 19. stoletju vplivali na poudarjanje narodne identifikacije kmečkih prebivalcev Goriških brd. Narodni aktivisti so poleg rabe slovenskega jezika v šoli in cerkvi in opredeljevanja za slovenski pogovorni jezik na popisih posebej spodbujali Brice k izražanju identifikacije s petjem slovenskih »narodnih« pesmi. Zato so pospeševali delovanje pevskih zborov in skušali iztrebiti petje neslovenskih pesmi – predvsem furlanskih in italijanskih. Na pevsko dejavnost zunaj okvira društev je pomembno vplival način življenja prebivalstva, ki ga je močno zaznamoval sistem zakupništva, t. i. kolonat. Knjiga poleg obravnave narodnih identifikacij kmečkega prebivalstva obmejnih območij na osnovi t. i. ljudske kulture predstavi tudi raziskovanje ljudskih pesmi v Goriških brdih. Med temi so imele posebno mesto narečno obarvane priložnostne pesmi, ki so v vsakdanjem življenju prebivalcev dopolnjevale repertoar ljudskih in cerkvenih pesmi, poznanih na širšem slovenskem ozemlju.

ethnology --- folklore --- folklore research --- Goriška Brda --- national identity --- nationalization of culture --- Slovenian folk songs --- etnologija --- folklora --- folkloristika --- nacionalizacija kulture --- narodna identiteta --- slovenske ljudske pesmi

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Landed estates (shōen) produced much of the material wealth supporting all levels of late classical and medieval Japanese society. During the tenth through sixteenth centuries, estates served as sites of de facto government, trade network nodes, developing agricultural technology, and centers of religious practice and ritual. Although mostly farmland, many yielded nonagricultural products, including lumber, salt, fish, and silk, and provided livelihoods for craftsmen, seafarers, peddlers, and performers, as well as for cultivators. By the twelfth century, an estate "system" permeated much of the Japanese archipelago. This volume examines the system from three perspectives: the land itself; the power derived from and exerted over the land; and the religion institutions and individuals that were involved in landholding practices.Chapters by Japanese and Western scholars explore how the estate system arose, developed, and eventually collapsed. Several investigate a single estate or focus on agricultural techniques, while others survey estates in broad contexts such as economic change and maritime trade. Other chapters look at how we learn about estates by inspecting documents, landscape features, archaeological remains, and extant buildings and images; how representatives of every social stratum worked together to make the land productive and, conversely, how cooperative arrangements failed and rivals battled one another, making conflict as well as collaboration a hallmark of the system. On a more personal level, we follow the monk Chōgen's restoration of Ōbe Estate and his installation of a famous Amida triad in a temple he built on the premises; the strategies of royal ladies Jōsaimon'in, Hachijōin, and Kōkamon'in as they strove to keep their landholdings viable; and the murder of estate official Gorōzaemon, whose own neighbors killed him as a result of a much larger dispute between two powerful warrior families. Land, Power, and the Sacred represents a significant expansion and revision of our knowledge of medieval Japanese estates. A range of readers will welcome the primary source research and comparative perspectives it offers; those who do not specialize in Japanese medieval history but recognize the value of teaching the history of estates will find a chapter devoted to the topic invaluable.Contributors and translators: Kristina BuhrmaMichelle DamianDavid EasonSakurai Eiji (translated by Ethan Segal)Philip GarrettJanet R. GoodwinYoshiko KainumaRieko Kamei-DycheSachiko KawaiHirota Kōji (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Ōyama Kyōhei (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Nagamura Makoto (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Endō Motoo (translated by Janet R. Goodwin)Joan R. PiggottEthan SegalDan ShererKimura Shigemitsu (translated by Kristina Buhrman)Noda Taizō (translated by David Eason)Nishida Takeshi (translated by Michelle Damian)

Manors --- Land tenure --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Freehold --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Real property --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Dwellings --- Village communities --- History --- Japan

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The book describes the role of singing and (folk) songs in the Gorizia Hills (Goriška brda) within the processes of shaping the political nation and facilitating national identification in the second half of the nineteenth century. In addition to the use of the Slovene language at school and church and defining Slovene as the language of common use in censuses, national activists encouraged inhabitants to express identification with the singing of Slovene “folk” songs. Therefore they promoted the performances of choirs and tried to sweep-out the singing of non-Slovene songs - especially Friulian and Italian. The singing outside the reading and singing societies was influenced by the way of life, which was strongly marked by the system of tenant farming. The book also presents the research of folk songs in the Gorizia Hills, with special emphasis on short songs with strong dialect features, which in everyday life of the inhabitants complemented the repertoire of folk and religious songs known in the wider Slovenian territory. Monografija Vi čuvarji ste obmejni osvetljuje dejavnike in procese, ki so v 19. stoletju vplivali na poudarjanje narodne identifikacije kmečkih prebivalcev Goriških brd. Narodni aktivisti so poleg rabe slovenskega jezika v šoli in cerkvi in opredeljevanja za slovenski pogovorni jezik na popisih posebej spodbujali Brice k izražanju identifikacije s petjem slovenskih »narodnih« pesmi. Zato so pospeševali delovanje pevskih zborov in skušali iztrebiti petje neslovenskih pesmi – predvsem furlanskih in italijanskih. Na pevsko dejavnost zunaj okvira društev je pomembno vplival način življenja prebivalstva, ki ga je močno zaznamoval sistem zakupništva, t. i. kolonat. Knjiga poleg obravnave narodnih identifikacij kmečkega prebivalstva obmejnih območij na osnovi t. i. ljudske kulture predstavi tudi raziskovanje ljudskih pesmi v Goriških brdih. Med temi so imele posebno mesto narečno obarvane priložnostne pesmi, ki so v vsakdanjem življenju prebivalcev dopolnjevale repertoar ljudskih in cerkvenih pesmi, poznanih na širšem slovenskem ozemlju.

Slovenia --- Folk & traditional music --- Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography --- ethnology --- folklore --- folklore research --- Goriška Brda --- national identity --- nationalization of culture --- Slovenian folk songs --- etnologija --- folklora --- folkloristika --- nacionalizacija kulture --- narodna identiteta --- slovenske ljudske pesmi

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In spite of its privileged place on the African continent, in the Muslim world and in the Middle East and North Africa region, Algeria remains poorly known, and the works relating to contemporary Algerian society published outside of Algeria are rare. This book seeks to contribute to our understanding of Algerian society today, through its relationships to property and to law. Beyond this, the objective is to propose, in a comparative perspective proper to anthropology, new theoretical and methodological perspectives by which to apprehend the anthropology of law in a Muslim context. Algeria, as a post-colonial and post-Socialist State, whose population is overwhelmingly Muslim, proves to be a particularly interesting case to study. Contributors are: Hichem Amichi, Emilie Barraud, Ammar Belhimer, Yazid Ben Hounet, Nejm Benessaiah, Sami Bouarfa, Tarik Dahou, Baudouin Dupret, Marcel Kuper, Judith Scheele, Alice Wilson.

Land tenure --- Real property --- Real property (Islamic law) --- Islamic law --- Cadastral surveys --- Catastral surveys --- Freehold --- Limitations (Law) --- Property, Real --- Real estate --- Real estate law --- Realty --- Property --- Rent --- Agrarian tenure --- Feudal tenure --- Land ownership --- Land question --- Landownership --- Tenure of land --- Land use, Rural --- Land, Nationalization of --- Landowners --- Serfdom --- Law and legislation

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This Technical Assistance Report discusses the findings and recommendations made by the IMF mission about modernizing the analysis, monitoring and disclosure of fiscal risks in Côte d’Ivoire. It was found that existing practices for identifying, monitoring and disclosing fiscal risks are still limited and fall below emerging country standards. There is no centralized process, at the level of the economic and financial ministries, no comprehensive identification, quantification and, even less so, monitoring of fiscal risks. Efforts should continue in the direction of proactive management of fiscal risks. Such management would be a determining factor in maintaining the strong economic dynamic of the Ivoirian economy.

Economic history. --- Economic conditions --- History, Economic --- Economics --- Côte d'Ivoire --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Public Administration --- Public Sector Accounting and Audits --- Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Public finance & taxation --- Public ownership --- nationalization --- Fiscal risks --- Public enterprises --- Macroeconomic risks --- Public debt --- Contingent liabilities --- Public financial management (PFM) --- Economic sectors --- Fiscal policy --- Government business enterprises --- Debts, Public --- Côte d'Ivoire