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Die großen italienischen Seerepubliken Venedig und Genua hatten schon im 13. Jahrhundert protokoloniale Strukturen in Südosteuropa, in der Levante und an der nordafrikanischen Küste errichtet. Im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert waren es dennoch andere Akteure, die flämischen Wirtschaftszentren oder portugiesische Unternehmer, die als Wegbereiter und Träger der sog. ersten Globalisierung in Erscheinung traten. Der Band fragt nach der ökonomischen und kulturellen Vorbildfunktion italienischer Städte und den Konkurrenzen mit den führenden Haupt- und Handelsstädten Europas im Globalisierungsprozess des Spätmittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit.00Die europäische Expansion erfasste im 16. Jahrhundert erstmals alle Kontinente der damals bekannten Welt: Asien, Afrika, Nord- und Südamerika gerieten gezielt in den Fokus europäischer Kaufleute und Staaten. Neben den alten urbanen Zentren wie Gent oder Antwerpen etablierten sich neue Wirtschaftsmetropolen sowie andere Handelssysteme im globalen Unternehmertum. Welche Spuren hinterließen die neuen außereuropäischen Verflechtungen in den Metropolen? Wie wirkten alte und neu aufstrebende Städte im ökonomischen, administrativen und kulturellen Wissenstransfer zusammen? Die interdisziplinären Beiträge thematisieren die Rolle Venedigs als Kolonialmacht, kulturelles Zentrum oder diplomatischer Metropole und gehen auf Genua und Florenz als wichtige Handelszentren des Spätmittelalters ein. Darüber hinaus nehmen sie die Innovationskraft der großen flämisch-niederländischen Wirtschaftsmetropolen und die expansive Vernetzung mit außereuropäischen Kontinenten im internationalen Warenverkehr in den Blick.

History of Italy --- anno 1300-1399 --- anno 1400-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Commerce --- History --- Italy --- Italia --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Italianska republika --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- Īṭāliyā --- Italiya Respublikasi --- It'allia --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- Iṭalyah --- Iṭalye --- Itaria --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- Laško --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Olasz Köztársaság --- Olaszország --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Włochy --- Yidali --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Ιταλία --- Итальянская Республика --- Италианска република --- Италия --- Италия Республикаси --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Італія --- Італійська Республіка --- איטאליע --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- إيطاليا --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- イタリア --- イタリア共和国 --- 意大利 --- 意大利共和国 --- 이탈리아 --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- Sardinia (Italy) --- Civilization --- Influence.

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Cities and towns, ancient --- Municipal government --- Administration municipale --- Congresses --- History --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Rome --- Officials and employees --- Fonctionnaires --- Italy --- 305.520937 --- Social sciences Social classes Upper class Ancient Italy --- -Congresses. --- Conferences - Meetings --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Rim --- Roman Empire --- Roman Republic (510-30 B.C.) --- Romi (Empire) --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Włochy --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Iṭalyah --- Italia --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- إيطاليا --- Īṭāliyā --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Італія --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Италия --- Италианска република --- Italianska republika --- Ιταλία --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- 이탈리아 --- It'allia --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Olaszország --- Olasz Köztársaság --- イタリア --- Itaria --- イタリア共和国 --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Italiya Respublikasi --- Италия Республикаси --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Итальянская Республика --- Італійська Республіка --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- איטאליע --- Iṭalye --- 意大利 --- Yidali --- 意大利共和国 --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Laško --- Byzantine Empire --- Rome (Italy) --- Sardinia (Italy) --- Cities and towns --- History and criticism --- Elite (Social sciences) --- Cities and towns, Ancient --- Італійська Республіка --- Cébeillac-Gervasoni, Mireille --- Rome - History - Republic, 265-30 B.C. - Congresses --- Rome - History - Empire, 30 BC-476 AD - Congresses --- Italy - History - To 476 - Congresses --- institution --- élite --- vie économique --- société romaine --- cité --- vie politique

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In 1638, a small book of no more than 92 pages in octavo was published "appresso Gioanne Calleoni" under the title "Discourse on the State of the Jews and in particular those dwelling in the illustrious city of Venice." It was dedicated to the Doge of Venice and his counsellors, who are labelled "lovers of Truth." The author of the book was a certain Simone (Simḥa) Luzzatto, a native of Venice, where he lived and died, serving as rabbi for over fifty years during the course of the seventeenth century.Luzzatto's political thesis is simple and, at the same time, temerarious, if not revolutionary: Venice can put an end to its political decline, he argues, by offering the Jews a monopoly on overseas commercial activity. This plan is highly recommendable because the Jews are "wellsuited for trade," much more so than others (such as "foreigners," for example). The rabbi opens his argument by recalling that trade and usury are the only occupations permitted to Jews. Within the confines of their historical situation, the Venetian Jews became particularly skilled at trade with partners from the Eastern Mediterranean countries. Luzzatto's argument is that this talent could be put at the service of the Venetian government in order to maintain - or, more accurately, recover - its political importance as an intermediary between East and West. He was the first to define the role of the Jews on the basis of their economic and social functions, disregarding the classic categorisation of Judaism's alleged privileged religious status in world history.Nonetheless, going beyond the socio-economic arguments of the book, it is essential to point out Luzzatto's resort to sceptical strategies in order to plead in defence of the Venetian Jews. It is precisely his philosophical and political scepticism that makes Luzzatto's texts so unique.This edition aims to grant access to his works and thought to English-speaking readers and scholars. By approaching his texts from this point of view, the editors hope to open a new path in research into Jewish culture and philosophy that will enable other scholars to develop new directions and new perspectives, stressing the interpenetration between Jews and the surrounding Christian and secular cultures.

Jews --- Skepticism --- Social conditions --- History --- Italy --- Scepticism --- Unbelief --- Agnosticism --- Belief and doubt --- Free thought --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Włochy --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Iṭalyah --- Italia --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- إيطاليا --- Īṭāliyā --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Італія --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Италия --- Италианска република --- Italianska republika --- Ιταλία --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- 이탈리아 --- It'allia --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Olaszország --- Olasz Köztársaság --- イタリア --- Itaria --- イタリア共和国 --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Italiya Respublikasi --- Италия Республикаси --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Итальянская Республика --- Італійська Республіка --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- איטאליע --- Iṭalye --- 意大利 --- Yidali --- 意大利共和国 --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Laško --- Sardinia (Italy) --- Італійська Республіка --- Jewish philosophy --- Jewish History. --- Jüdische Philosophie. --- Philosophie. --- Philosophy. --- Scepticism. --- Skeptizismus. --- Venedig. --- Venice. --- HISTORY / Jewish. --- Philosophy, Jewish --- Philosophy, Israeli --- Religions --- Philosophy --- Religion --- Jewish History

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(1º lugar na categoria Crítica Literária do 59º prêmio Jabuti) A obra, dividida em três partes, observa os mecanismos de diálogo de Machado com o leitor e o crítico, analisa a ironia no tecido retórico da narrativa machadiana e, por fim, revê a relação do escritor carioca com a cultura italiana, aqui representada por exemplos na literatura, história, teatro e ópera. Realizando uma integração de vários processos teóricos e dialogando com a crítica nacional e estrangeira, os capítulos se entrecruzam e dialogam entre si, revisitando os temas principais que contribuíram para a centralidade da obra de Machado de Assis na literatura brasileira.

Art appreciation. --- Machado de Assis, --- Italy. --- Appreciation of art --- Art --- Reception of art --- Art criticism --- Analysis, interpretation, appreciation --- Reception --- Assis, Joaquim Maria Machado de, --- Assis, Machado de, --- De Assis, Joaquim Maria Machado, --- De Assis, Machado, --- Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria, --- Machado de Assis, Joaquín María, --- Mashado de Assiz, Zhoakin, --- Semana --- Italia --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Italianska republika --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- Īṭāliyā --- Italiya Respublikasi --- It'allia --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- Iṭalyah --- Iṭalye --- Itaria --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- Laško --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Olasz Köztársaság --- Olaszország --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Włochy --- Yidali --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Ιταλία --- Итальянская Республика --- Италианска република --- Италия --- Италия Республикаси --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Італія --- Італійська Республіка --- איטאליע --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- إيطاليا --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- イタリア --- イタリア共和国 --- 意大利 --- 意大利共和国 --- 이탈리아 --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- Sardinia (Italy)

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Renaissance. --- Epic poetry, Italian. --- Renaissance --- Epic poetry, Italian --- Italian epic poetry --- Italian poetry --- Revival of letters --- Civilization --- History, Modern --- Civilization, Medieval --- Civilization, Modern --- Humanism --- Middle Ages --- History and criticism. --- History --- Italy. --- Italia --- Italian Republic (1946- ) --- Italianska republika --- Italʹi︠a︡nskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Italie --- Italien --- Italii︠a︡ --- Italii︠a︡ Respublikasi --- Italiĭsʹka Respublika --- Itālija --- Itālijas Republika --- Italijos Respublika --- Italikē Dēmokratia --- Īṭāliyā --- Italiya Respublikasi --- It'allia --- It'allia Konghwaguk --- İtalya --- İtalya Cumhuriyeti --- Iṭalyah --- Iṭalye --- Itaria --- Itaria Kyōwakoku --- Jumhūrīyah al-Īṭālīyah --- Kgl. Italienische Regierung --- Königliche Italienische Regierung --- Laško --- Lýðveldið Ítalía --- Olasz Köztársaság --- Olaszország --- Regno d'Italia (1861-1946) --- Repubblica italiana (1946- ) --- Republiḳah ha-Iṭalḳit --- Włochy --- Yidali --- Yidali Gongheguo --- Ιταλική Δημοκρατία --- Ιταλία --- Итальянская Республика --- Италианска република --- Италия --- Италия Республикаси --- Італьянская Рэспубліка --- Італія --- Італійська Республіка --- איטאליע --- איטליה --- רפובליקה האיטלקית --- إيطاليا --- جمهورية الإيطالية --- イタリア --- イタリア共和国 --- 意大利 --- 意大利共和国 --- 이탈리아 --- 이탈리아 공화국 --- Sardinia (Italy) --- Italian Republic --- Italʹi͡anskai͡a Rėspublika --- Italii͡ --- Italii͡a Respublikasi --- Īṭāliy --- Regno d'Italia --- Repubblica italiana --- Italy --- History and criticism