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In this book, Kathryn M. Olesko reconstructs in fine detail the evolution, across the nineteenth century, of Franz Neumann's physics seminar at Königsberg University in East Prussia. Established during a period of in tense educational reform and intellectual debate in the sciences, the seminar turned out academic physicists as well as secondary school teachers. As the first official science seminar to incorporate mathematical considerations, Neumann's institute pioneered the integration of two quantitative traditions in physics—the mathematical and the exact experimental.
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The collection of essays presented in “Devotional Cross-Roads: Practicing Love of God in Medieval Gaul, Jerusalem, and Saxony” investigates test case witnesses of Christian devotion and patronage from Late Antiquity to the Late Middle Ages, set in and between the Eastern and Western Mediterranean, as well as Gaul and the regions north of the Alps. Devotional practice and love of God refer to people – mostly from the lay and religious elite –, ideas, copies of texts, images, and material objects, such as relics and reliquaries. The wide geographic borders and time span are used here to illustrate a broad picture composed around questions of worship, identity, religious affiliation and gender. Among the diversity of cases, the studies presented in this volume exemplify recurring themes, which occupied the Christian believer, such as the veneration of the Cross, translation of architecture, pilgrimage and patronage, emergence of iconography and devotional patterns. These essays are representing the research results of the project “Practicing Love of God: Comparing Women’s and Men’s Practice in Medieval Saxony” guided by the art historian Galit Noga-Banai, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and the historian Hedwig Röckelein, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. This project was running from 2013 to 2018 within the Niedersachsen-Israeli Program and financed by the State of Lower Saxony.
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We have come to assume that as ordinary citizens we have little influence on public policy, yet we know that politicians rely on pollsters for a direct sense of our concerns. Do we have more power than we think?In The Health of Nations, Lawrence R. Jacobs compares the impact of public opinion on two historic health care reforms-the 1965 Medicare Act in the United States and the British National Health Service Act of 1946. Drawing on extensive interviews and archival research in each case, he describes in unprecedented detail the ways in which mass culture contributed to the national health care agenda and helped shape the policies that emerged. Jacobs argues that in both countries, despite national differences, public opinion directly affected political initiatives. When policymakers were not guided by public opinion, they reached decisions that resulted in today's problems, including questions of resource allocation, cost containment, and appropriate control over providers of care.Jacobs uses these two legislative landmarks to challenge conventional analyses of policy making. He proposes an innovative approach that integrates the roles of public opinion, institutions, and political processes.The Health of Nations is essential reading for policy analysts, political scientists, political sociologists, social historians, scholars of public opinion, and anyone interested in the American and British health care systems.
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The period between the Peace of Utrecht and the French Revolution is brought into focus in this essay. Professor Manuel deals with the age of the philosophes and the enlightened despots, when belief in man's ability to achieve a good society through reason was in its first hopeful flower. The powerful pressures of that time are evaluated - the rapidly increasing population, the phenomenal growth of cities and industries, the greater facility of travel and transportation, The modern nation-state, as exemplified in France, England, the Hapsburg Empire, Prussia, and Russia, was growing strong and centralized. The relations of these states to one another are discussed.
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This is an engaging, real-life portrait of one of the great Asian rulers of the nineteenth century, who set the course that preserved his country's independence and enabled it to remain the only country in Southeast Asia never to fall under European domination. It is not a conventional biography of King Mongkut or a history of his reign; rather, the author sketches the man in his many facets, furnishing a factual outline, but applying the color from the King's own writings-through which his personality and character shine so clearly-and from other contemporary sources. Many of these appear in English for the first time.As ruler and diplomat, as philosopher and scientist, as monk and head of a large family, Mongkut showed powers of mind and spirit extraordinary in any age. As here presented, he is even more remarkable than the caricature of him depicted in some recent popular accounts.
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European studies of the Bell Beaker phenomenon have concentrated on burial and artefacts that constitute its the most visible aspects. This volume concentrates on the domestic sphere &ndash; assemblage composition, domestic structures (how they differ, if at all, from previous types, legacies), and provides the first pan-European synthesis of its kind. It is a Europe-wide survey and analysis of Bell Beaker settlement structures; this is particularly important as we cannot understand the Bell Beaker phenomenon by analysing graves alone. Neither should we view Bell Beakers in isolation but must consider the effect that they had on already existing Late Neolithic cultures in the areas in which they appear. This volume is therefore intended to view the settlement aspect of Bell Beakers in context throughout Europe. It is the text book for Chalcolithic settlements and society.
Contributors to the 19 papers belong to Europe-wide affiliation of experts specialising in Bell Beakers and the Chalcolithic (Archeologie et Gobelets) which addresses common pan-European issues surrounding the appearance and spread of Bell Beakers. This book summarises that data from the UK and many of the continental European countries; an increasingly important element of Beaker studies following recent isotopic and DNA evidence showing that the phenomenon was a result of human migration and not that of cultural ideas, trade and ideology.
Each chapter deals with a defined region or country and is fully illustrated, including a corpus of Beaker houses and comparing then with Late Neolithic domestic structures where they are known to exist. The following themes will be addressed: 1. Regional syntheses in the UK and in Europe; 2.What native cultures existed before the arrival of Bell Beakers?; 3. What domestic ceramics were being used before the arrival of Bell Beakers?; 4. What stone and flint types were in use?; 5. What did pre-Bell Beaker houses look like? What size were they?; 6. What (if any) changes to 1&ndash;4 above resulted after the appearance of Bell Beakers?
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