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2020 (4)

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Book
Colonial cataclysms : climate, landscape, and memory in Mexico's little Ice Age
Author:
ISBN: 081654137X 0816539960 Year: 2020 Publisher: Tucson, Arizona : University of Arizona Press,

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Abstract

"Colonial Cataclysms: Climate, Landscape and Memory in Mexico's Little Ice Age is an in-depth examination of the climatic effects of the hemispheric "Little Ice Age" on pluviosity, soils, and indigenous agriculture in central Mexico during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The manuscript offers a corrective of the long-standing scholarly thought that the primary problem facing agriculture in this period was drought. In contrast, Skopyk argues that the problem was in fact elevated rainfall that resulted in flooding and the silting of wetlands, particularly in the watersheds of Tlaxcala. Such elevated rainfall restricted agriculture and led to conditions that were described as "arid" or "desiccated." Such over-saturation of rainfall led to destructive bursts of dirt and water to downstream communities, drastically eroding and degrading soil. At the time, major hydraulic engineering projects were launched, rivers were deemed the "enemy" of the people, and human ingenuity was seen as the only remedy to a capricious and impetuous nature. Historians and thinkers have long considered the region's abundant flooding to be the product of failed hydraulic infrastructure. Skopyk argues that anomalies in the region's temperature have been neglected, converting what he sees as Mexico's "Little Ice Age" into Mexico's "Little Drought Age.""--


Book
Economic Development under Climate Change : Economy-Wide and Regional Analysis for Ethiopia
Author:
ISBN: 3658294132 3658294124 Year: 2020 Publisher: Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden : Imprint: Springer VS,

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Amsalu Woldie Yalew attempts to address the direct and indirect economic effects of climate change, adaptation costs, and adaptation finance in developing countries with emphasis to Ethiopia using a static computable general equilibrium (CGE) model coupled with a regional module. The results show that the economy-wide effects of climate change are profound. Planned public adaptation that aims to fully neutralize climate change-induced agricultural productivity shocks may help to avert the aggregate effects but with residual effects. The results also indicate that structural change underpins climate-resilient development as it contributes to dampen the adverse consequences of climate change on aggregate GDP and households’ welfare. Contents • Overview of the Ethiopian Economy • Economy-Wide and Regional Effects of Climate Change • Economy-Wide and Regional Effects of Planned Adaptation • Structural Change and Climate-Resilient Development Target Groups • Lecturers and students of social sciences, especially in the fields of economic development, public policy, African economies, agricultural economics, climate change economics • International development agencies, and policy and decision makers in developing countries The Author Dr. Amsalu Woldie Yalew is a postdoctoral researcher at Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK), Potsdam, Germany. He is an economist focusing on economic modeling of the nexus between environment and economic development especially in developing countries.


Book
Global climate change : resilient and smart agriculture
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9813298561 9813298553 Year: 2020 Publisher: Singapore : Springer,

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This book provides essential insights into methods and practices of ‘Climate-smart Agriculture,’ which is driven by the principles of climate resilience and smart resource use in agricultural production. Climate-smart agriculture is a key policy instrument for achieving poverty eradication and a hunger-free world, as well as mitigating the effects of climate change. This book discusses in detail climate-smart agricultural technologies and practices that can reduce the vulnerability of agricultural systems, improve the livelihoods of farmers and other stakeholders, and reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from crop production and livestock husbandry. The agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector produces roughly 10–12 gigatons of CO2-equivalent per year; therefore, sustainable practices for agriculture and related land use hold immense potential to mitigate climate change. The potential impacts of climate variability and climate change on agriculture are extensively documented and articulated, especially with regard to global and national environmental agendas that call for innovation, transformation and climate-resilient advances in agriculture. As the book demonstrates, climate-smart agriculture offers an excellent tool for boosting agricultural output to feed the growing global population; for reducing greenhouse gases emissions from agriculture and other land use; and for protecting agricultural production systems from the impending dangers of climate change.

Keywords

Agriculture. --- Ecosystems. --- Climate change. --- Soil science. --- Soil conservation. --- Environmental management. --- Plant breeding. --- Climate Change. --- Soil Science & Conservation. --- Environmental Management. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Conservation of soil --- Erosion control, Soil --- Soil erosion --- Soil erosion control --- Soils --- Agricultural conservation --- Soil management --- Pedology (Soil science) --- Earth sciences --- Changes, Climatic --- Changes in climate --- Climate change --- Climate change science --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic changes --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Ecology --- Population biology --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Control --- Prevention --- Conservation --- Environmental aspects --- Sustainable agriculture. --- Crops and climate. --- Agriculture and state. --- Agrarian question --- Agricultural policy --- State and agriculture --- Economic policy --- Land reform --- Agricultural climatology --- Agroclimatology --- Climate and crops --- Crop micrometeorology --- Plant biometeorology --- Agricultural ecology --- Bioclimatology --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Alternative agriculture --- Government policy --- Climatic factors


Book
Crop Protection Under Changing Climate
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3030461114 3030461106 Year: 2020 Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer,

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This book addresses the impact of important climatic changes on plant pests (including weeds, diseases and insect pests), and their interactions with crop plants. Anthropogenic activities have seriously impacted the global climate. As a result, carbon dioxide (CO2) and temperature levels of the earth are on a continuous rise. The global temperature is expected to increase by a 3°C or more by the end of this century. The CO2 concentration was below 300 parts per million (ppm) before the start of the industrial era; however, recently it has exceeded 400 ppm. This is highest ever in human history. Other than global warming and elevated CO2 concentrations, anthropogenic activities have also disturbed the global water cycle, ultimately, impacting the quantity and distribution of rainfall. This has resulted in drought conditions in many parts of the world. Global warming, elevated CO2 concentration and drought are considered the most important recent climatic changes that are impacting global ecosystems and human societies. Among other impacts, the effects of climatic changes on pests, pest-crop interactions and pest control are important with relevance to global food security, and hence require immediate attention by plant scientists. This book discusses innovative and the most effective pest control methods under an environment of changing climate and elaborates on the impact of drought on plant pests and their control.

Keywords

Plant ecology. --- Plant anatomy. --- Plant development. --- Plant physiology. --- Plant pathology. --- Plant breeding. --- Agriculture. --- Plant Ecology. --- Plant Anatomy/Development. --- Plant Physiology. --- Plant Pathology. --- Plant Breeding/Biotechnology. --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Land use, Rural --- Crops --- Agriculture --- Breeding --- Botany --- Communicable diseases in plants --- Crop diseases --- Diseases of plants --- Microbial diseases in plants --- Pathological botany --- Pathology, Vegetable --- Phytopathology --- Plant pathology --- Plants --- Vegetable pathology --- Agricultural pests --- Crop losses --- Diseased plants --- Phytopathogenic microorganisms --- Plant pathologists --- Plant quarantine --- Physiology --- Development of plants --- Plant development --- Developmental biology --- Growth (Plants) --- Plant structure --- Structural botany --- Vegetable anatomy --- Anatomy --- Ecology --- Pathology --- Diseases and pests --- Diseases --- Wounds and injuries --- Ontogeny --- Structure --- Crops and climate. --- Control. --- Agricultural climatology --- Agroclimatology --- Climate and crops --- Crop micrometeorology --- Plant biometeorology --- Agricultural ecology --- Bioclimatology --- Pests --- Plants, Protection of --- Climatic factors --- Control --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Floristic ecology --- Agricultura --- Canvi climàtic --- Fisiologia vegetal --- Agronomia --- Ciències de la vida --- Agricultura biològica --- Agricultura de muntanya --- Agricultura de precisió --- Agricultura de subsistència --- Agricultura sostenible --- Agricultura urbana --- Agrosilvicultura --- Aqüicultura --- Arbres --- Boscos --- Climatologia agrícola --- Conreu --- Conreus de regadiu --- Conreus extensius --- Dones en l'agricultura --- Extensió agrària --- Floricultura --- Indústria agrícola --- Indústria ramadera --- Investigació agrícola --- Jardineria --- Millorament selectiu de plantes --- Pagesia --- Pastures --- Productes agrícoles --- Protecció de les plantes --- Revolució verda --- Silvicultura --- Zootècnia --- Història de l'agricultura --- Pagesos --- Ramaderia --- Botànica --- Absorció de l'aigua en les plantes --- Assimilació de les plantes --- Creixement (Plantes) --- Ecofisiologia vegetal --- Fecundació de les plantes --- Fisiologia postcollita --- Ritmes biològics en les plantes --- Floració --- Germinació --- Metabolisme de les plantes --- Moviments de les plantes --- Nutrició vegetal --- Reproducció de les plantes --- Respiració de les plantes --- Saprofitisme --- Tropisme --- Biologia molecular vegetal --- Canvis climàtics --- Canvi climàtic global --- Cicles climàtics --- Fluctuacions climàtiques --- Oscil·lacions climàtiques --- Variacions climàtiques --- Climatologia --- Degradació ambiental --- Desertització --- Canvi mediambiental global --- Dendroclimatologia --- Escalfament global --- Paleoclimatologia --- Temperatura atmosfèrica

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