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In most of the worlds' distinct cultures, children - from toddlerhood - eagerly volunteer to help others with their chores. Laboratory research in child psychology supports the claim that the helper "stage" is biologically based. This Element examines the development of helping in varied cultural contexts, in particular, reviewing evidence for supportive environments in the ethnographic record versus an environment that extinguishes the drive to be helpful in WEIRD children. In the last section, the benefits of the helper stage are discussed, specifically the development of an ability to work and learn collaboratively.

Child development. --- Child study --- Children --- Development, Child --- Developmental biology --- Development

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This multidisciplinary volume features many of the world's leading experts of infant development, who synthesize their research on infant learning and behaviour, while integrating perspectives across neuroscience, socio-cultural context, and policy. It offers an unparalleled overview of infant development across foundational areas such as prenatal development, brain development, epigenetics, physical growth, nutrition, cognition, language, attachment, and risk. The chapters present theoretical and empirical depth and rigor across specific domains of development, while highlighting reciprocal connections among brain, behavior, and social-cultural context. The handbook simultaneously educates, enriches, and encourages. It educates through detailed reviews of innovative methods and empirical foundations and enriches by considering the contexts of brain, culture, and policy. This cutting-edge volume establishes an agenda for future research and policy, and highlights research findings and application for advanced students, researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers with interests in understanding and promoting infant development.

Infants --- Infant development --- Child development --- Development. --- Child Development --- Infant --- Infant Development --- Development, Child --- Development, Infant --- Psychology, Child --- Growth

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The focus of this Element is on the environment and how it is implicated in children's development.A very broad array of social and physical features connected to children's home life and to the neighborhoods where children live, including multiple aspects of parenting, housing characteristics and the increased prevalence of media in daily life are addressed.Attention is also given to the broader social, economic, and geographic contexts in which children live, such as neighborhood surroundings and conditions in less developed countries.There is a focus on how various aspects of the home context (e.g., crowding) and key parental characteristics, such as mental illness and substance abuse problems, affect the behavior of parents. Consideration also given to how various forms of chaos and instability present challenges for parents and children and how those circumstances are implicated in both children's development and caregiver behavior.

Child development. --- Child development --- Child study --- Children --- Development, Child --- Developmental biology --- Social aspects. --- Development --- Child --- Environment --- Environmental Impact --- Environmental Impacts --- Impact, Environmental --- Impacts, Environmental --- Environments --- Environmental Health --- Minors

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We routinely judge how well children are doing in their lives by how they spend their time, yet we know remarkably little about it. This rigorous review of four decades of data provides the clearest insights yet into the way children use their time. With analysis of changes in the time spent on family, education, culture and technology, as well as children's own views on their habits, it provides a fascinating perspective on behaviour, wellbeing, social change and more. This is an indispensable companion to the work of policy makers, academics and researchers, and anyone interested in the daily lives of children.

Child development. --- Children --- Child study --- Development, Child --- Developmental biology --- Time management. --- Development --- Time perception in children. --- Child psychology. --- Behavior, Child --- Child behavior --- Pediatric psychology --- Child development --- Developmental psychology --- Perception in children --- Psychology --- Perception du temps chez l'enfant. --- Enfants --- Psychologie.

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Comprendre la psychopathologie de l'enfant nécessite de disposer d'une théorie permettant d'appréhender le fonctionnement psychique de l'enfant, les conflits qu'il traverse et les crises qu'il surmonte.Cet ouvrage propose donc en premier lieu une théorie du développement psychique de l'enfant selon le modèle psychanalytique du fonctionnement psychique, sur laquelle puisse se baser une psychopathologie au plus près de la clinique. Il apporte un éclairage à la compréhension des formes primitives de la vie psychique, à travers l'étude des angoisses et des défenses archaïques, particulièrement au sein des états autistiques et psychotiques. Il étudie également les troubles névrotiques et limites de l'enfance. Enfin, une place est faite à l'abord psychothérapeutique à travers la spécificité des psychothérapies analytiques avec les enfants.

Child psychopathology. --- Developmental psychology. --- Child development. --- Development (Psychology) --- Developmental psychobiology --- Psychology --- Life cycle, Human --- Children --- Mental illness in children --- Psychopathology, Child --- Psychopathology in children --- Child mental health --- Psychology, Pathological --- Child study --- Development, Child --- Developmental biology --- Mental disorders --- Development