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This multidisciplinary collective volume advances the scholarly discussion on the origins of Islam. It simultaneously focuses on three domains: texts, social contexts, and ideological developments relevant for the study Islam's beginnings - taking the latter expression in its broadest possible sense. The intersections of these domains need to be examined afresh in order to obtain a clear picture of the concurrent phenomena that collectively enabled both the gradual emergence of a new religious identity and also the progressive delimitation of its initially fuzzy boundaries

297 <09> --- 297 <09> Islamisme. Mahométisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- 297 <09> Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- Islamisme. Mahométisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van . --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van

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"This book is a historical and sociological reading of the relation between Sunnis and Shias from the inception of the dispute for Mohammed's succession until today. It is divided in two parts. The first part offers a comprehensive history of the divide. It shows how Shiism was, during much of the Middle Ages, the main contestation ideology of the caliphate, but also how Sunnism and Shiism converged as Shiism progressively ceased to be an esoteric and politically radical doctrine to espouse a number of tenets of mainstream Islam. It shows the political dynamics that runs beneath theological debates and, in particular, how the Sunni/Shia conflict was revived when the Safavids made Shiism an official state religion on the model of Sunnism. On the contrary, when faced with the colonial challenge, Sunni and Shia reformists closed ranks and collaborated. The second part of the book offers a socio-historical account of some national contexts in which the Sunni/Shia divide shapes the society and the politics: Iraq, Bahrain, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen and Lebanon. It shows that in each of these countries the sectarian divide is shaped by very specific historical and social circumstances. Sunni and Shia identities are associated with ethnic, regional, statutory and economic identities. In most cases the relations between Sunnis and Shias are shaped by typical majority/minority dynamics. They can lead to conflict but dynamics of emulation often emerges from conflicts, which are particularly obvious when Sunni and Shia Islamic movements compete"--

SUNNITES--RELATIONS--SHIITES --- SHIITES--RELATIONS--SUNNITES --- ISLAM--HISTORY --- Shīʻah --- Sunnites --- Islam --- Islam and politics --- 297.12 --- 297 <09> --- 297 <09> Islamisme. Mahométisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- 297 <09> Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- Islamisme. Mahométisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van ... --- 297.12 Islam: theologie; doctrine --- Islam: theologie; doctrine --- Sunni Muslims --- Sunnis --- Islamic sects --- Imamites --- Shia --- Shiism --- Twelvers (Islam) --- Alids --- Politics and Islam --- Political science --- Dogma, Islamic --- Islamic theology --- Kalam --- Muslim theology --- Theology, Islamic --- Theology, Muslim --- Relations&delete& --- Doctrines --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van . --- Political aspects --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van --- Relations --- Shiites

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"Born from the fields of Islamic art and architectural history, the archaeological study of the Islamic societies is a relatively young discipline. With its roots in the colonial periods of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, its rapid development since the 1980s warrants a reevaluation of where the field stands today. This Handbook represents for the first time a survey of Islamic archaeology on a global scale, describing its disciplinary development and offering candid critiques of the state of the field today in the Central Islamic Lands, the Islamic West, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Asia. The international contributors to the volume address such themes as the timing and process of Islamization, the problems of periodization and regionalism in material culture, cities and countryside, cultural hybridity, cultural and religious diversity, natural resource management, international trade in the later historical periods, and migration. Critical assessments of the ways in which archaeologists today engage with Islamic cultural heritage and local communities closes the volume, highlighting the ethical issues related to studying living cultures and religions. Richly illustrated, with extensive citations, it is the reference work on the debates that drive the field today"--

Islamic antiquities --- Archaeology --- Islamic civilization --- 297 <09> --- 902 <5-011> --- Cultural property --- Islamic studies --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities --- Antiquities, Islamic --- Antiquities, Muslim --- Muslim antiquities --- Cultural heritage --- Cultural patrimony --- Cultural resources --- Heritage property --- National heritage --- National patrimony --- National treasure --- Patrimony, Cultural --- Treasure, National --- Property --- World Heritage areas --- 902 <5-011> Archeologie--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- Archeologie--Nabije-Oosten. Midden-Oosten --- Study and teaching --- Islam. Mohammedanisme--Geschiedenis van --- Protection --- Islamic antiquities. --- Study and teaching. --- Antiquités islamiques. --- Archaeology. --- Archéologie --- Civilisation islamique --- Culture matérielle --- Fouilles archéologiques --- Étude et enseignement. --- Protection. --- Islamic countries.