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Using detailed case studies of the relevant US states, Herbert Kritzer provides an unprecedented examination of the process and politics of how states select and retain judges. The book is organized around the competing goals of politics and professionalism, namely whether the focus in choosing judges should be on future judicial decisions (court outputs) or on the court processes by which those decisions are reached. Or, in considering who should be a judge, whether the emphasis should be on political credentials or on professional credentials. One important finding is that political concerns have surpassed professionalism concerns since 2000. Another is that voters have been more supportive of professionalism in selecting appellate judges than trial judges. Judicial Selection in the States should be read by anyone seeking a deep understanding of the complex interplay between politics and the judiciary at the state level in the United States.

Judges --- Alcaldes --- Cadis --- Chief justices --- Chief magistrates --- Justices --- Magistrates --- Courts --- Selection and appointment --- States. --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Officials and employees

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El acceso a la justicia y a las problemáticas que la rodean no deja de ser un hecho pertinente ante la realidad del país. Son múltiples las barreras existentes no solo para acceder al aparato judicial, sino también para garantizar el correcto ejercicio de los derechos humanos. Por lo anterior, la Universidad del Rosario, en cabeza del Observatorio Legislativo y del Grupo de Investigación en Derechos Humanos, en asociación con la Fundación Hanns Seidel, culminó con éxito la décima versión del Concurso Nacional de Semilleros de Investigación titulado “Diálogos interdisciplinarios sobre los problemas de la justicia en Colombia”, el cual, por primera vez en la historia, se realizó de manera virtual, dadas las circunstancias generadas por la pandemia COVID-19. El cierre del evento fue aún más contundente con la publicación de este libro, que contiene las ponencias de los estudiantes ganadores. En esta oportunidad, el objetivo del concurso fue brindar un espacio propicio de investigación, generación de conocimiento y fortalecimiento de habilidades para los estudiantes interesados en reflexionar en torno al acceso a la justicia y sus barreras desde diferentes frentes: estructura institucional; grupos de especial protección constitucional; eficacia, eficiencia y transparencia; métodos alternativos en resolución de conflictos; justicia diferencial; justicia en los territorios; jurisdicciones especiales y justicia digital.

Constitutional & administrative law --- Law of science and research, university college law --- Administración de justicia --- Justice, Administration of --- Judges --- Derecho --- Informática jurídica. --- Justicia --- Violencia intrafamiliar --- Procesamiento de datos. --- Innovaciones tecnológicas --- Investigaciones --- Legislación --- Alcaldes --- Cadis --- Chief justices --- Chief magistrates --- Justices --- Magistrates --- Courts --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Officials and employees

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Do judges use the power of the state for the good of the nation? Or do they create new laws in line with their personal views? When newspapers reported a court ruling on Brexit, senior judges were shocked to see themselves condemned as enemies of the people. But that did not stop them ruling that an order made by the Queen on the advice of her prime minister was just 'a blank piece of paper'. Joshua Rozenberg, Britain's best-known commentator on the law, asks how judges can maintain public confidence while making hard choices.

Judges --- Judicial ethics --- Ethics, Judicial --- Legal ethics --- Professional ethics --- Judicial ethics. --- Judges. --- Justice, Administration of --- Great Britain. --- Alcaldes --- Cadis --- Chief justices --- Chief magistrates --- Justices --- Magistrates --- Courts --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Officials and employees --- Anglia --- Angliyah --- Briṭanyah --- England and Wales --- Förenade kungariket --- Grã-Bretanha --- Grande-Bretagne --- Grossbritannien --- Igirisu --- Iso-Britannia --- Marea Britanie --- Nagy-Britannia --- Prydain Fawr --- Royaume-Uni --- Saharātchaʻānāčhak --- Storbritannien --- United Kingdom --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland --- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland --- Velikobritanii͡ --- Wielka Brytania --- Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta --- Northern Ireland --- Scotland --- Wales

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This book provides insight into modern collective judicial decision-making. Courts all over the world sit in panels of several judges, yet the processes by which these judges produce the courts' decisions differ markedly. Judges from some of the world's most notable judicial bodies, in both the civilian and the common law tradition and from supra-/international courts, share their experiences and reflect on the challenges to which their collective endeavour gives rise. They address matters such as the question of panel constitution, the operation of rapporteur systems, pre- and post-hearing conferences, the hearing procedure itself, the nature of the interaction between the judicial panel and parties' advocates, the extent to which a unitary judgment of the court or at least a single majority judgment is required or deemed desirable, and how it is ultimately arrived at through different voting mechanisms. The judicial views are supplemented by a number of academic commentaries. Collective Judging in Comparative Perspective serves as an inspiration for future court design. Sir Jack Beatson (formerly Court of Appeal of England and Wales) Thomas von Danwitz (Court of Justice of the European Union) Matthew Dyson (University of Oxford) Harry T Edwards (United States Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit) Wolfgang Ernst (University of Oxford) Kevin Garnett QC (formerly Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office) Msgr Markus Graulich (Pontifical Council for Legislative Text) Beate Gsell (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich) Birke Häcker (University of Oxford) Dominique Hascher (Cour de cassation) Sir Launcelot Henderson (Court of Appeal of England and Wales) Rchard Hyland (Rutgers Law School) Susan Kiefel AC (High Court of Australia) Georg Kodek (Austrian Supreme Court) James Lee (King's College London) Sir Keith Lindblom (Court of Appeal of England and Wales) Gertrude Lübbe-Wolff (formerly German Federal Constitutional Court) Theodor Meron (International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals) Angelika Nussberger (formerly European Court of Human Rights) Akira Ojima (Chief Judicial Research Official, Supreme Court of Japan) Naoki Onishi (Otsu District Court, Japan) Christos Ravanides (Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations) Lord Reed of Allermuir (Supreme Court of the United Kingdom) Thomas Rüfner (University of Trier) Johanna Schmidt-Räntsch (German Federal Court of Justice) Thomas Stadelmann (Swiss Supreme Court) Wolfgang Ernst is Regius Professor of Civil Law, University of Oxford, and Fellow of All Souls College.Birke Häcker is the Professor of Comparative Law, University of Oxford, and Fellow of Brasenose College.

Legal theory and methods. Philosophy of law --- Comparative law --- Law of civil procedure --- Droit comparé. --- Droit --- Décision de groupe. --- Collégialité (droit) --- Prise de décision. --- BPB9999 --- BPB2011 --- vergelijkende studie --- besluitvorming --- judge --- gjyqtar --- sudca --- giudice --- Richter --- rechter --- kohtunik --- съдия --- судија --- judecător --- bíró --- δικαστής --- juge --- juez --- imħallef --- dommer --- sędzia --- soudce --- juiz --- tuomari --- sudac --- tiesnesis --- sodnik --- teisėjas --- domare --- judecător pentru minori --- undersøgelsesdommer --- судија на Врховен суд --- Untersuchungsrichter --- sbor soudců --- zittende magistratuur --- судија на Основен суд --- soudce kompetentní ve věcech dětí a mladistvých --- trup gjykues --- juge pour enfants --- tardytojas --- juiz de instrução --- giudice minorile --- rechter-commissaris --- juez de primera instancia --- δικαστής ανηλίκων --- tiesnesis referents --- Richteramt --- ettekandekohtunik --- magjistër për të mitur --- Richterschaft --- kinderrechter --- juiz de intervenção --- судија на Управен суд --- Jugendrichter --- domarkåren --- undersökningsdomare --- судија на Апелациски суд --- giudice istruttore --- dommerstand --- goda tiesnesis --- zbor sudcov --- magistrature assise --- magisztrátus --- soudní čekatel --- judicatura --- vyšetřující soudce --- juez de instrucción --- nepilnamečių bylų teismo teisėjas --- Richterstand --- judecător de instrucție --- juge d'instruction --- истражен судија --- the bench --- juez de distrito --- indipendenza del giudice --- ανακριτής --- Ermittlungsrichter --- juez de menores --- teisėjai --- examining magistrate --- magjistër hetues --- lapsia koskevia oikeudellisia asioita käsittelevä tuomari --- tuomarikunta --- children's magistrate --- kohtunikkond --- vyšetrujúci sudca --- magistratura giudicante --- sudca pre deti a mladistvých --- судија на Уставен суд --- istražni sudac --- judecător de primă instanță --- onderzoeksrechter --- rannsakningsdomare --- tutkintatuomari --- bírói testület --- lyginamoji studija --- упоредна студија --- estudio comparativo --- jämförande studie --- studju komparattiv --- vergleichende Studie --- poredbena studija --- studia porównawcze --- võrdlev uurimus --- συγκριτική μελέτη --- összehasonlító tanulmány --- sammenlignende undersøgelse --- porovnávacia štúdia --- étude comparative --- salīdzināmā pētniecība --- primerjalna študija --- vertaileva tutkimus --- studim krahasues --- studiu comparativ --- studio comparativo --- estudo comparativo --- srovnávací studie --- comparative study --- споредбена студија --- сравнително изследване --- komparativna studija --- компаративна студија --- komparativní studie --- podejmowanie decyzji --- Entscheidungsprozess --- доношење одлуке --- prise de décision --- донесување одлуки --- toma de decisiones --- взимане на решение --- határozathozatal --- decision-making --- teħid ta’ deċiżjonijiet --- vendim-marrje --- odločanje --- päätöksenteko --- otsuste tegemine --- beslutsfattande --- rozhodovanie --- processo decisionale --- tomada de decisão --- donošenje odluke --- beslutningstagning --- lēmuma pieņemšana --- sprendimų priėmimas --- λήψη απόφασης --- luarea deciziilor --- rozhodování --- beslutningsproces --- estrutura funcional --- beslutsprocess --- processus décisionnel --- döntéshozatali folyamat --- Beschlußfassung --- päätöksentekoprosessi --- decision-making process --- διαδικασία λήψης αποφάσεων --- beslutsförlopp --- proces i vendimmarrjes --- proceso decisorio --- határozathozatali eljárás --- processus de décision --- otsustamisprotsess --- besluitvormingsproces --- procedura di decisione --- processo decisorio --- beslutsprocedur --- lēmuma pieņemšanas process --- rozhodovací proces --- besluitvormingsprocedure --- proceso de toma de decisiones --- процес на одлучување --- procédure de décision --- proces de luare a deciziilor --- presa di decisioni --- proces odlučivanja --- Beschlussfassung --- processo di decisione --- beslutningsprocedure --- Beschlussverfahren --- proceso de decisión --- одлучување --- processo de decisão --- döntéshozatal --- Entscheidungsfindung --- odlučivanje --- Judicial process --- Judges --- Court administration --- breitheamh --- cinnteoireacht --- staidéar comparáideach --- Droit comparé --- Processus judiciare --- Juges --- Tribunaux --- Administration --- Collégialité (Droit) --- Court management --- Courts --- Management --- Decision making, Judicial --- Judicial behavior --- Judicial decision making --- Law --- Procedure (Law) --- Alcaldes --- Cadis --- Chief justices --- Chief magistrates --- Justices --- Magistrates --- Psychological aspects --- Interpretation and construction --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Officials and employees