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Research on intelligent agents and multi-agent systems has matured during the past decade, and many effective applications of this technology are currently being deployed. Although computational approaches for multi-agent systems have mainly emerged in the past few decades, scholars have been prolific with regard to the variety of methods proposed to solve this paradigm. Different communities have emerged with multi-agent systems as their main research topic. Multi-agent systems allow the development of distributed and intelligent applications in complex and dynamic environments. Systems of this kind play a crucial role in life, evidenced by the broad range of applied areas involved in their use, including manufacturing, management sciences, e-commerce, and biotechnology. There are many reasons for the interest of researchers in this new discipline. Firstly, computational systems have gradually shifted towards a distributed paradigm where heterogeneous entities with different goals can enter and leave the system dynamically and interact with each other. Secondly, new computational systems should be able to negotiate with one another, typically on the behalf of humans, in order to come to mutually acceptable agreements. As a consequence, autonomy, interaction, mobility, and openness are key concepts studied in the area. The purpose of this book is to document some of the advances made in this paradigm and attempt to show the current state of this technology by analyzing different aspects in addition its possible application in various domains. This review of the current state-of-the-art does not intend to make an exhaustive exploration of all the current existing works but, rather, to try to give an overview of the research in agent technology, showing the high level of activity of this area.

History of engineering & technology --- multi-robot --- consensus problem --- formation control --- noise --- time delay --- unmanned surface vehicles --- multi-agent system --- training system --- genetic-based fuzzy rule learning --- intelligent autonomous control --- modeling and simulation --- multi-agent systems --- smart city development --- spatiotemporal modeling --- actor–network theory --- geoparticipation --- social interactions --- simulation model --- photovoltaic energy --- parameter fine-tuning --- self-reported behaviour --- predictive model --- multi-agent planning and scheduling --- potential game --- equilibrium selection --- interoperability --- multiagent systems --- organizational models --- agent-based collective intelligence --- multi-agent complex systems --- scale-free properties --- power law distribution --- biologically inspired approaches and methods --- collective foraging --- physics-based simulation --- methodologies for agent-based systems --- multi-robot simulation --- discrete event simulator --- agent and multi-agent applications --- classification --- prediction --- multi-agent --- wisdom-of-crowds --- Hollywood --- feature-extension --- collective-intelligence --- swarm --- educational games --- game design --- situated psychological agents --- education --- competences --- decision support system --- agent based modeling and simulation --- production scheduling --- green coffee supply chain --- agent-based modeling --- agent-based simulation --- decision support

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Research on intelligent agents and multi-agent systems has matured during the past decade, and many effective applications of this technology are currently being deployed. Although computational approaches for multi-agent systems have mainly emerged in the past few decades, scholars have been prolific with regard to the variety of methods proposed to solve this paradigm. Different communities have emerged with multi-agent systems as their main research topic. Multi-agent systems allow the development of distributed and intelligent applications in complex and dynamic environments. Systems of this kind play a crucial role in life, evidenced by the broad range of applied areas involved in their use, including manufacturing, management sciences, e-commerce, and biotechnology. There are many reasons for the interest of researchers in this new discipline. Firstly, computational systems have gradually shifted towards a distributed paradigm where heterogeneous entities with different goals can enter and leave the system dynamically and interact with each other. Secondly, new computational systems should be able to negotiate with one another, typically on the behalf of humans, in order to come to mutually acceptable agreements. As a consequence, autonomy, interaction, mobility, and openness are key concepts studied in the area. The purpose of this book is to document some of the advances made in this paradigm and attempt to show the current state of this technology by analyzing different aspects in addition its possible application in various domains. This review of the current state-of-the-art does not intend to make an exhaustive exploration of all the current existing works but, rather, to try to give an overview of the research in agent technology, showing the high level of activity of this area.

multi-robot --- consensus problem --- formation control --- noise --- time delay --- unmanned surface vehicles --- multi-agent system --- training system --- genetic-based fuzzy rule learning --- intelligent autonomous control --- modeling and simulation --- multi-agent systems --- smart city development --- spatiotemporal modeling --- actor–network theory --- geoparticipation --- social interactions --- simulation model --- photovoltaic energy --- parameter fine-tuning --- self-reported behaviour --- predictive model --- multi-agent planning and scheduling --- potential game --- equilibrium selection --- interoperability --- multiagent systems --- organizational models --- agent-based collective intelligence --- multi-agent complex systems --- scale-free properties --- power law distribution --- biologically inspired approaches and methods --- collective foraging --- physics-based simulation --- methodologies for agent-based systems --- multi-robot simulation --- discrete event simulator --- agent and multi-agent applications --- classification --- prediction --- multi-agent --- wisdom-of-crowds --- Hollywood --- feature-extension --- collective-intelligence --- swarm --- educational games --- game design --- situated psychological agents --- education --- competences --- decision support system --- agent based modeling and simulation --- production scheduling --- green coffee supply chain --- agent-based modeling --- agent-based simulation --- decision support

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The management of natural resources can be approached using different data sources and techniques, from images registered by sensors of onboard satellites to UAV platforms, using remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems, among others. The variability of problems and projects to be analyzed, studied, and solved is very wide. This book presents a collection of different experiences, ranging from the location of areas of interest to the simulation of future scenarios of a territory at local and regional scales, considering spatial resolutions ranging from centimeters to hundreds of meters. The common objective of all the works compiled in this book is to support decision-making in environmental management.

Research & information: general --- secondary succession monitoring --- Natura 2000 threats --- tree detection --- archival photographs --- spectro-textural classification --- granulometric analysis --- GLCM --- alpine grassland --- fractional vegetation cover --- ground survey --- precision evaluation --- multi-scale LAI product validation --- PROSAIL model --- EBK --- crop growth period --- adaptive K-means algorithm --- heavy industry heat sources --- NPP-VIIRS --- active fire data --- night-time light data --- spatial autocorrelation --- spatial pattern --- spatial relationship --- natural wetlands changes --- associated influencing factors --- mainland China --- farmland abandonment mapping --- textural segmentation --- aerial imagery --- land use --- Poznań --- agent based modeling --- disaster management --- resource allocation --- high severity level --- first come first serve --- geographical information system --- bearing capacity --- analytic hierarchy process --- geographical survey of national conditions --- hotspot analysis --- topsis algorithm --- automatic identification system data --- 21st Century Maritime Silk Road region --- oil flow analysis --- maritime oil chokepoint --- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome --- seismic parameters --- GIS --- seismicity --- spatial analysis --- b-value --- earthquake catalog --- future scenarios --- prelude --- dynamic of land use --- Spatial Decision Support System, CORINE Land Cover --- remote sensing --- geographic information system

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During the past five decades, we have witnessed a tremendous evolution in water resource system management. Three characteristics of this evolution are of particular note: First, the application of the systems approach to complex water management problems has been established as one of the most important advances in the field of water resource management. Second, the past five decades have brought a remarkable transformation of attitude in the water resource management community towards environmental concerns and action to address these concerns. Third, applying the principles of sustainability to water resource decision-making requires major changes in the objectives on which decisions are based, and an understanding of the complicated inter-relationships between existing ecological, economic, and social factors. The Special Issue includes 15 contributions that offer insights into contemporary problems, approaches, and issues related to the management of complex water resources systems. It will be presumptuous to say that these 15 contributions characterize the success or failure of the systems approach to support water resources decision-making. However, these contributions offer interesting lessons from current experiences and highlight possible future work.

History of engineering & technology --- system dynamics --- system analysis --- complex water system --- uncertainty assessment --- climate change --- regional climate models --- averaging procedures --- HEC-HMS --- Lim river --- Lim water systems --- n/a --- artificial recharge --- groundwater --- treated wastewater --- freshwater resources --- water footprint --- water management --- wine production --- winemaking sector --- Italy --- SuDS --- decision-making --- Soft Systems --- ANP --- modelling --- stakeholder --- systems analyses --- water resources --- planning --- management --- implementation --- political processes --- innovation --- impact --- multi-purpose dam --- water resources systems --- performance-based engineering --- simulation --- resilience --- disaster --- risk --- perception --- community --- Canada --- integrated urban watershed management --- group decision-support system --- risk analysis --- group consensus --- Kashafroud watershed --- water policy --- water portfolio planning --- water resources management --- systems assessment --- adaptive capacity --- coupled human–natural systems --- integrated water resources management --- sociohydrology --- modeling perspectives --- agent-based modeling --- differential equations --- uncertainty --- artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- water resource modelling --- multiobjective optimisation --- river abstraction --- reservoir operation --- stochastic dynamic programming --- fuzzy optimization --- reservoir-river system --- water quantity-quality management --- socio-hydrology --- hydro-sociology --- human-water systems --- human-nature systems --- social-ecological systems --- CHANS --- SES --- socio-hydrologic modeling --- IWRM --- hydrology --- multireservoir operations --- optimization --- multi-agent reinforcement learning --- aggregation–decomposition --- neural networks --- systems --- complexity --- coupled human-natural systems --- aggregation-decomposition

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During the past five decades, we have witnessed a tremendous evolution in water resource system management. Three characteristics of this evolution are of particular note: First, the application of the systems approach to complex water management problems has been established as one of the most important advances in the field of water resource management. Second, the past five decades have brought a remarkable transformation of attitude in the water resource management community towards environmental concerns and action to address these concerns. Third, applying the principles of sustainability to water resource decision-making requires major changes in the objectives on which decisions are based, and an understanding of the complicated inter-relationships between existing ecological, economic, and social factors. The Special Issue includes 15 contributions that offer insights into contemporary problems, approaches, and issues related to the management of complex water resources systems. It will be presumptuous to say that these 15 contributions characterize the success or failure of the systems approach to support water resources decision-making. However, these contributions offer interesting lessons from current experiences and highlight possible future work.

system dynamics --- system analysis --- complex water system --- uncertainty assessment --- climate change --- regional climate models --- averaging procedures --- HEC-HMS --- Lim river --- Lim water systems --- n/a --- artificial recharge --- groundwater --- treated wastewater --- freshwater resources --- water footprint --- water management --- wine production --- winemaking sector --- Italy --- SuDS --- decision-making --- Soft Systems --- ANP --- modelling --- stakeholder --- systems analyses --- water resources --- planning --- management --- implementation --- political processes --- innovation --- impact --- multi-purpose dam --- water resources systems --- performance-based engineering --- simulation --- resilience --- disaster --- risk --- perception --- community --- Canada --- integrated urban watershed management --- group decision-support system --- risk analysis --- group consensus --- Kashafroud watershed --- water policy --- water portfolio planning --- water resources management --- systems assessment --- adaptive capacity --- coupled human–natural systems --- integrated water resources management --- sociohydrology --- modeling perspectives --- agent-based modeling --- differential equations --- uncertainty --- artificial intelligence --- machine learning --- water resource modelling --- multiobjective optimisation --- river abstraction --- reservoir operation --- stochastic dynamic programming --- fuzzy optimization --- reservoir-river system --- water quantity-quality management --- socio-hydrology --- hydro-sociology --- human-water systems --- human-nature systems --- social-ecological systems --- CHANS --- SES --- socio-hydrologic modeling --- IWRM --- hydrology --- multireservoir operations --- optimization --- multi-agent reinforcement learning --- aggregation–decomposition --- neural networks --- systems --- complexity --- coupled human-natural systems --- aggregation-decomposition