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La 4e de couverture indique : "De prime abord, le marché unique numérique peut paraître comme une simple extension à l'environnement numérique du marché intérieur. En réalité, sa portée est bien plus importante, dans la mesure où il concerne la régulation des contenus, l'utilisation des technologies pour faciliter les échanges internes et externes à l'Union européenne, mais aussi les infrastructures nécessaires au développement des technologies du numérique. Ainsi, le numérique constitue d'abord l'outil privilégié de parachèvement du marché intérieur. Les technologies numériques permettent de supprimer aisément les obstacles aux frontières et d'encourager le développement du commerce électronique transfrontalier. Ensuite, les enjeux économiques des technologies numériques, à l'instar des smart contracts, de la blockchain, des voitures autonomes ou encore de la santé connectée, sont tels que l'Union européenne doit mettre en œuvre des règles d'encouragement et stimulation de l'innovation et de la concurrence, afin d'être bien positionnée dans la compétition mondiale qui s'ouvre. Enfin, les choix de régulation du numérique faits par les institutions européennes montrent une volonté de protéger les valeurs sociales et les droits fondamentaux consacrés par la charte de l'Union européenne, à l'instar de la protection des données personnelles et de la vie privée. L'adoption du RGPD est la quintessence de cette approche européenne et témoigne de l'impact que pourrait avoir l'Union européenne dans la régulation du numérique à l'échelle mondiale. La Commission européenne a fait du marché unique numérique une priorité matérialisée par la publication de plusieurs textes relatifs aux nouvelles technologies dont, la plus dominante aujourd'hui, l'intelligence artificielle. Son livre blanc - publié en février 2020 et destiné à contrer les avancées américaine et chinoise - montre une volonté d'excellence, de confiance et de règles cohérentes en la matière. Le présent ouvrage rend compte de la dimension matérielle du marché unique numérique, tout autant qu'institutionnelle et conceptuelle, et de l'intelligence artificielle. Il propose une vision claire de l'Union européenne dans son environnement technologique."

European law --- Human rights --- Economic law --- Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- European Union --- numérisation --- intelligence artificielle --- marché unique --- marché intérieur --- commerce électronique --- comerț electronic --- elektronsko poslovanje --- elektronikus kereskedelem --- elektronkaubandus --- comércio eletrónico --- sähköinen kaupankäynti --- Elektronischer Handel --- r-thráchtáil --- comercio electrónico --- elektroniskā tirdzniecība --- електронна търговия --- elektronische handel --- handel elektroniczny --- elektronisk handel --- elektronička trgovina --- tregti elektronike --- kummerċ elettroniku --- електронска трговија --- elektroninė prekyba --- електронска трговина --- commercio elettronico --- electronic commerce --- elektronický obchod --- ηλεκτρονικό εμπόριο --- comércio na Internet --- ríomhthráchtáil --- handel via internet --- tregti online --- kibernetinė prekyba --- commercio on line --- e-kaubandus --- iepirkšanās internetā --- internetové obchodování --- kaupankäynti Internetissä --- τηλεεμπόριο --- commercio su Internet --- internetska trgovina --- virtualna trgovina --- e-kauppa --- tregti nëpërmjet Internetit --- virtuel handel --- virtuální obchod --- cibercomércio --- e-kereskedelem --- Online-Geschäfte --- E-Commerce --- comércio virtual --- Electronic Commerce --- е-трговија --- virtuaalikauppa --- virtuaalkaubandus --- elektronické obchodování --- comércio electrónico --- küberkaubandus --- virtual commerce --- online trgovina --- internetes kereskedelem --- internetinė prekyba --- cyberhandel --- e-commercio --- Interneti-kaubandus --- virtualioji prekyba --- comercio virtual --- e-comerț --- virtuell handel --- commerce virtuel --- internetový obchod --- virtuális kereskedelem --- handel via Internet --- e-comercio --- online commerce --- e. prekyba --- on-linehandel --- online-kaupankäynti --- comércio em linha --- virtuele handel --- e-trgovina --- εμπόριο on-line --- on line obchodování --- on-line handel --- cibercomercio --- commercio virtuale --- e-obchodování --- comerț prin internet --- e-handel --- κυβερνοεμπόριο --- tregti virtuale --- cybercommercio --- cybercommerce --- tregti kibernetike --- e-commerce --- onlinehandel --- Internet commerce --- E-Business --- comercio en Internet --- tirdzniecība internetā --- commerce sur Internet --- prekyba elektroniniu ryšiu --- интернетска трговија --- comercio en línea --- kyberkauppa --- virtuālā tirdzniecība --- tirdzniecība tiešsaistē --- εμπόριο μέσω Internet --- elektronischer Geschäftsverkehr --- comerț on line --- commerce en ligne --- e-obchod --- domáci trh --- binnenlandse markt --- internt marked --- treg i brendshëm --- Inlandsmarkt --- margadh baile --- domácí trh --- domači trg --- piață internă --- vidaus rinka --- domaće tržište --- siseturg --- домаће тржиште --- vietējais tirgus --- mercado interior --- suq domestiku --- hazai piac --- kotimarkkinat --- domestic market --- inhemsk marknad --- домашен пазар --- rynek wewnętrzny --- mercato interno --- mercado interno --- вътрешен пазар --- εσωτερική αγορά --- treg kombëtar --- hjemmemarked --- nemzeti piac --- piață națională --- hemmamarknad --- valsts tirgus --- nationale markt --- kodumaine turg --- heimischer Markt --- nationell marknad --- εγχώρια αγορά --- national market --- mercato nazionale --- vnitřní trh --- šalies rinka --- belföldi piac --- národní trh --- nationaler Markt --- einzelstaatlicher Markt --- kotimaan markkinat --- situation du marché intérieur --- национален пазар --- mercado nacional --- marché national --- nationalt marked --- tillståndet på den inhemska marknaden --- národný trh --- εθνική αγορά --- indenrigsmarked --- ühtne turg --- mercado único --- egységes piac --- indre marked --- mercato unico --- vnútorný trh --- jednotný trh --- margadh aonair --- rynek jednolity --- bendroji rinka --- treg i vetëm --- suq uniku --- единствен пазар --- Binnenmarkt --- единен пазар --- ενιαία αγορά --- јединствено тржиште --- enotni trg --- vienotais tirgus --- sisämarkkinat --- inre marknad --- piață unică --- interne markt --- single market --- jedinstveno tržište --- EU single market --- ενιαία αγορά ΕΕ --- EU:n sisämarkkinat --- ES vienotais tirgus --- unutrašnje tržište EZ-a --- Bendrijos vidaus rinka --- Binnenmarkt EU --- внатрешен пазар --- marché intérieur CE --- vnitřní trh ES --- EB vidaus rinka --- EK-belső piac --- margadh inmheánach --- einheitlicher Markt --- EU-Binnenmarkt --- treg i brendshëm i KE-së --- marché unique de l'UE --- piață internă comunitară --- eengemaakte markt van de EU --- vnútorný trh Spoločenstva --- EC internal market --- εσωτερική αγορά της Κοινότητας --- внатрешен пазар на ЕУ --- vnútorný trh EÚ --- mercado interior comunitario --- gemenskapens inre marknad --- vnitřní trh Společenství --- внатрешен пазар на Унијата --- EG:s inre marknad --- yhtenäismarkkinat --- Kopienas iekšējais tirgus --- enotni trg EU --- εσωτερική αγορά ΕΚ --- enhedsmarked --- communautaire interne markt --- Community internal market --- внатрешен пазар на Заедницата --- внатрешен пазар на ЕЗ --- ühenduse siseturg --- EU's indre marked --- marché intérieur communautaire --- treg i brendshëm i Komunitetit --- Единен пазар на ЕС --- vnútorný trh Únie --- mercado interno comunitário --- yhteisön sisämarkkinat --- mercato interno CE --- ELi ühtne turg --- jednotný trh EU --- EF's indre marked --- interne markt van de EU --- egységes uniós piac --- mercato unico dell'UE --- közösségi belső piac --- ES bendroji rinka --- mercado interno CE --- binnenmarkt --- interne markt EG --- jednotný trh EÚ --- EU:s inre marknad --- mercato interno comunitario --- piața unică UE --- mercado único da UE --- mercado único de la UE --- suq uniku tal-UE --- inteligência artificial --- kunstmatige intelligentie --- mesterséges intelligencia --- inteligencia artificial --- tekoäly --- sztuczna inteligencja --- вештачка интелигенција --- umetna inteligenca --- mākslīgais intelekts --- artificial intelligence --- umělá inteligence --- künstliche Intelligenz --- inteligență artificială --- tehisintellekt --- изкуствен интелект --- artificiell intelligens --- intleacht shaorga --- intelligenza artificiale --- intelliġenza artifiċjali --- umelá inteligencia --- dirbtinis intelektas --- τεχνητή νοημοσύνη --- umjetna inteligencija --- inteligjencë artificiale --- kunstig intelligens --- calcolatore di quinta generazione --- συστήματα λήψης αποφάσεων --- sistema inteligente --- ayuda a la decisión --- sistem expert --- ajuda à decisão --- ekspertinė sistema --- expert system --- szakértői rendszer --- συστήματα εμπειρογνώμονες --- expertsystem --- strumento di aiuto alla decisione --- wissensbasierendes System --- IA --- Expertensystem --- KI --- konstgjord intelligens --- expertný systém --- sistem ekspert --- asiantuntijajärjestelmä --- sistema experto --- systeemexpert --- ekspertsistēma --- ekspertsüsteem --- système expert --- sistema esperto --- Entscheidungshilfe --- aide à la décision --- sistema di supporto alle decisioni --- τεχνητή ευφυΐα --- expertní systém --- digitalização --- digitiú --- digitalisointi --- дигитализација --- digitalisering --- skaitmeninimas --- digitaliziranje --- ciparošana --- digitalizácia --- digitalizace dokumentů --- digitalizacja --- diġitalizzazzjoni --- дигитализация --- numerizzazione --- digitalizare --- digitisation --- ψηφιοποίηση --- digjitalizim --- Digitalisierung --- digitalización --- digitalizálás --- digiteerimine --- digitalizacija --- skaitmeninis keitimas --- digitalisation --- numerizzazzjoni --- digitalizzazione --- transformace dat --- digitalizace dat --- E-books --- Économie numérique --- Intégration économique --- Innovations technologiques --- Intelligence artificielle --- Droit --- Droit. --- Économie numérique --- Intégration économique --- Technological innovations --- Artificial intelligence --- International economic integration --- Innovations --- Intégration économique internationale --- Law and legislation --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Economic integration --- Consumer protection --- Consommateurs --- Protection --- Innovation --- commerce électronique --- numérisation --- marché unique --- marché intérieur

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Competition policy debates on digital platform markets are often premised on the idea that market fragmentation and the standard forces of competition and entry may provide a potential solution to excessive concentration and market power. In this work, Francesco Ducci provides readers with a different perspective based on the theoretical lens of natural monopoly. Ducci explores this framework through the development of three case studies on horizontal search, e-commerce marketplaces, and ride-hailing platforms, investigating the strength and limit of potential (and often heterogeneous) sources of natural monopoly at play in each industry. Building on these case studies, the book then derives from the application of the natural monopoly framework general policy implications for digital industries by identifying the respective institutional flaws and shortcomings of ex ante and ex post approaches to market power as one of the central challenges in digital platform markets.

Electronic commerce --- Internet industry --- Antitrust law. --- electronic commerce --- legislation --- Droit de la concurrence --- Innovations technologiques --- competition law --- innovation --- technological change --- Accès au marché --- market access --- internet --- Интернет --- internetas --- idirlíon --- internets --- Internet --- интернет --- webb --- an tIdirlíon --- tīmeklis --- veeb --- faqe web --- světová počítačová síť --- svjetska računalna mreža --- web --- međumrežje --- www --- világháló --- hyrje në treg --- toegang tot de markt --- приступ тржишту --- prístup na trh --- pristup tržištu --- dostop na trg --- patekimas į rinką --- πρόσβαση στην αγορά --- piekļuve tirgum --- turulepääs --- marknadstillträde --- достъп до пазар --- přístup na trh --- piacra jutás --- markedsadgang --- rochtain ar an margadh --- acces pe piață --- dostęp do rynku --- пристап до пазарот --- acesso ao mercado --- acceso al mercado --- Marktzugang --- aċċess għas-suq --- accesso al mercato --- accès au marché --- markkinoille pääsy --- Vermarktungsmöglichkeit --- débouché commercial --- trade outlet --- sbocco commerciale --- pikë tregtimi --- tillträde till marknaden --- turustusvõimalus --- tillgång till marknaden --- afzetmarkt --- avsättningsmöjligheter --- деловни можности --- prekybos vieta --- debușeu comercial --- noieta tirgus --- εμπορική διέξοδος --- markkina-alue --- értékesítési lehetőség --- afsætningsmulighed --- излез од пазарот --- saída comercial --- cambio tecnológico --- technologische verandering --- teknologinen muutos --- technologinis pakeitimas --- teknologisk förändring --- mudança tecnológica --- trasformazione tecnologica --- technologická zmena --- технологична промяна --- bidla teknoloġika --- τεχνολογική αλλαγή --- tehnološka promjena --- technologická změna --- technológiai változás --- evoluție tehnologică --- changement technologique --- tehnoloģijas maiņa --- technologischer Wandel --- tehnološka sprememba --- tehnoloogiline muutus --- rozwój technologii --- ndryshim teknologjik --- технолошка промена --- teknologisk forandring --- athrú teicneolaíoch --- développement technique --- digitálna revolúcia --- технолошки развој --- technological progress --- tehnoloģiskā attīstība --- tekniska framsteg --- mutamento tecnologico --- technologický rozvoj --- tekniskt framsteg --- technischer Fortschritt --- digitalna revolucija --- digitális forradalom --- tehnoloogia areng --- rivoluzione digitale --- athrú teicneolaíochta --- aanpassing technische vooruitgang --- sviluppo tecnologico --- tehnikas progress --- технички напредак --- revolución digital --- technológiai változások --- προσαρμογή στην τεχνική πρόοδο --- aanpassing aan technische vooruitgang --- pielāgošanās tehnikas attīstībai --- digitaalinen vallankumous --- développement technologique --- ψηφιακή επανάσταση --- a műszaki fejlődéshez történő hozzáigazítás --- rewolucja cyfrowa --- technologische ontwikkeling --- rivoluzzjoni diġitali --- revoluție digitală --- tehnološke promjene --- mukautuminen tekniikan kehitykseen --- развитие на технологиите --- progresso tecnico --- technical progress --- tehnoloģiju maiņa --- postęp technologiczny --- adaptare la progresul tehnic --- technologijos tobulinimas --- digitale revolutie --- teknologiska framsteg --- прилагођавање техничком напретку --- цифрова революция --- техническо развитие --- prilagajanje tehničnemu napredku --- technologische Entwicklung --- revolução digital --- anpassning till tekniska framsteg --- tehnikas attīstība --- tehnološki napredak --- приспособување на технолошките промени --- mutation technologique --- prispôsobenie technickému pokroku --- rozwój technologiczny --- tekniikan kehittyminen --- přizpůsobení technickému pokroku --- progrès technique --- tekniikan kehitys --- a műszaki fejlődéshez való igazodás --- teknologisk udvikling --- progreso técnico --- réabhlóid dhigiteach --- műszaki fejlődés --- adaptation au progrès technique --- digitální revoluce --- teknisk udvikling --- progress tekniku --- tilpasning til den tekniske udvikling --- zhvillim tekonologjik --- progreso tecnológico --- приспособяване към техническия напредък --- Anpassung an den technischen Fortschritt --- kohandumine tehnika arenguga --- adaptación al progreso técnico --- технически напредък --- prisitaikymas prie technikos pažangos --- tekninen muutos --- desarrollo tecnológico --- dezvoltare tehnologică --- teknologinen kehitys --- změna technologie --- tekninen kehitys --- technikos pažanga --- teknisk fremskridt --- skaitmeninė revoliucija --- technologinis pokytis --- technological development --- teknikutveckling --- adeguamento al progresso tecnico --- tehnika arenemine --- technologijų raida --- technológiai fejlesztés --- techninė pažanga --- progrès technologique --- технички развој --- teknologiske forandringer --- technológiai fejlődés --- desenvolvimento tecnológico --- tehnološki razvoj --- prilagoditev tehničnemu napredku --- adattament għall-progress tekniku --- sopeutuminen tekniikan kehitykseen --- attività tecnologica --- cambiamento tecnologico --- tilpasning til teknisk fremskridt --- tehnika areng --- технолошки напредок --- përparim teknologjik --- digitaalrevolutsioon --- tehnikaareng --- révolution numérique --- progres tehnic --- tehnoloģijas attīstība --- digitālā revolūcija --- adaptation to technical progress --- żvilupp teknoloġiku --- teknologins utveckling --- τεχνολογική εξέλιξη --- voortschrijden van de technologie --- tehnični napredek --- digital revolution --- sfida tecnologica --- digitale Revolution --- pielāgošana tehniskajam progresam --- technický pokrok --- adaptação ao progresso técnico --- technische vooruitgang --- dostosowanie do postępu technicznego --- crise de adaptação tecnológica --- τεχνική πρόοδος --- adaptim ndaj përparimeve teknologjike --- prilagodba tehničkom napretku --- progresso técnico --- műszaki fejlődéshez történő hozzáigazítás --- innovaatio --- innovazione --- novinka --- inovație --- innovazzjoni --- иновация --- innovatsioon --- innowacja --- jaunievedums --- innovación --- vernieuwing --- καινοτομία --- inovácia --- inovação --- иновација --- nuálaíocht --- Innovation --- innováció --- risi --- inovacija --- τεχνολογική καινοτομία --- teknologisk fornyelse --- industrielle Innovation --- technologische Innovation --- technológiai innováció --- inovação tecnológica --- innovación industrial --- innovación tecnológica --- risi industriale --- naujovė --- βιομηχανική καινοτομία --- technologische vernieuwing --- industrijska inovacija --- innovazione industriale --- tehnoloogiline innovatsioon --- priemyselná inovácia --- technologijos naujovė --- technologická inovácia --- innovation technologique --- teollinen innovaatio --- tehnoloģisks jauninājums --- fornyelse --- risi teknologjike --- inovație industrială --- teknisk innovation --- innovation industrielle --- teknologinen innovaatio --- teknologisk innovation --- industriell innovation --- technological innovation --- pramoninė naujovė --- industrial innovation --- технолошка иновација --- innovazione tecnologica --- průmyslová novinka --- tööstusinnovatsioon --- technická novinka --- tehnološka inovacija --- industriel innovation --- ipari innováció --- inovação industrial --- rūpniecisks jauninājums --- innovazione scientifica --- inovație tehnologică --- konkurrensrätt --- id-dritt tal-kompetizzjoni --- δίκαιο του ανταγωνισμού --- konkurencijos įstatymas --- kilpailuoikeus --- direito da concorrência --- konkurences likums --- dreptul concurenței --- droit de la concurrence --- prawo konkurencji --- право на конкуренција --- конкурентно право --- versenyjog --- pravo tržišnoga natjecanja --- konkurrenceret --- Wettbewerbsrecht --- ligji i konkurrencës --- soutěžní právo --- norme giuridiche sulla concorrenza --- concurrentierecht --- право конкуренције --- Derecho de la competencia --- súťažné právo --- konkurenčno pravo --- konkurentsiõigus --- regole di concorrenza --- konkurrenceregulering --- pravo konkurencije --- legislație privind concurența --- közösségi versenyjog --- правила за конкуренција на Заедницата --- soutěžní legislativa --- konkurencijos nuostatai --- konkurences tiesības --- regulamentação da concorrência --- κανόνες ανταγωνισμού --- прописи против нелојалната конкуренција --- soutěžní předpisy --- Wettbewerbsregel --- kilpailusäännökset --- közösségi versenyjog rendelkezései --- konkurencijos reglamentai --- konkurrenceregler --- Wettbewerbsordnung --- заедничко право за конкуренција --- Wettbewerbsgesetzgebung --- Wettbewerbsvorschrift --- reglamentación de la competencia --- konkurentsisätted --- konkurenční právo --- заштита на конкуренција --- versenyszabályok --- konkurrensbestämmelser --- konkurences noteikumi --- norme sulla concorrenza --- súťažné predpisy --- concurrentieregeling --- propisi o tržišnom natjecanju --- konkurrencebestemmelser --- procedura in materia di concorrenza --- zákon o ochraně hospodářské soutěže --- réglementation de la concurrence --- versenyjogi szabályok --- competition regulations --- правила на Заедницата за конкуренција --- közösségi versenyjog szabályai --- concurrentievoorschriften --- regolamentazione della concorrenza --- rregulla të konkurrencës --- Wettbewerbsrecht der Gemeinschaft --- legislação --- Gesetzgebung --- achtú --- legislación --- legjislacion --- seadusandlus --- législation --- teisėkūra --- legislazione --- νομοθεσία --- законодавство --- lainsäädäntö --- lovgivning --- leġiżlazzjoni --- законодателство --- törvényalkotás --- ustawodawstwo --- lagstiftning --- zakonodavstvo --- legislație --- legislativa --- legislatíva --- wetgeving --- zakonodaja --- likumdošana --- koncepcija --- právní normy --- aspetto giuridico --- законска одредба --- rättslig aspekt --- disposição legislativa --- zakonodavni akt --- dimensión jurídica --- legislative provision --- правна норма --- νομοθετική πράξη --- právní předpisy --- juridische aspecten --- lovbestemmelse --- programa --- teisės nuostata --- disposition législative --- dispozitë legjislative --- juridisk aspekt --- õiguslik aspekt --- likumi --- disposizione legislativa --- disposizione di legge --- legislatívny akt --- õigustloov akt --- atto legislativo --- legislatívne ustanovenie --- õigusakt --- aspeto jurídico --- rättsregler --- tiesību normas --- zakonska odredba --- правни прашања --- disposición legislativa --- legislative act --- seadusandlik akt --- νομική πλευρά --- wetgevende handeling --- juridisk dimension --- Gesetzesbestimmung --- Gesetzesvorschrift --- vertiente jurídica --- törvény rendelkezése --- teisės aktų leidimas --- säädös --- punto de vista jurídico --- teisinis aspektas --- zákonodárství --- lagbestämmelse --- tiesību aspekts --- jogalkotási aktus --- νομοθετική διάταξη --- rechtlicher Aspekt --- Gesetzgebungsakt --- teisės aktas --- törvényi rendelkezés --- akt legjislativ --- jogszabály --- säännös --- легислатива --- act legislativ --- wettelijke bepaling --- oikeudellinen näkökohta --- likumdošanas akti --- gesetzliche Vorschrift --- prevederi legislative --- правен акт --- ato legislativo --- jogszabályi rendelkezés --- lagstiftningshandling --- törvényhozás --- acte législatif --- tiesību akti --- gesetzliche Bestimmung --- commerce électronique --- comerț electronic --- elektronsko poslovanje --- elektronikus kereskedelem --- elektronkaubandus --- comércio eletrónico --- sähköinen kaupankäynti --- Elektronischer Handel --- r-thráchtáil --- comercio electrónico --- elektroniskā tirdzniecība --- електронна търговия --- elektronische handel --- handel elektroniczny --- elektronisk handel --- elektronička trgovina --- tregti elektronike --- kummerċ elettroniku --- електронска трговија --- elektroninė prekyba --- електронска трговина --- commercio elettronico --- elektronický obchod --- ηλεκτρονικό εμπόριο --- comércio na Internet --- ríomhthráchtáil --- handel via internet --- tregti online --- kibernetinė prekyba --- commercio on line --- e-kaubandus --- iepirkšanās internetā --- internetové obchodování --- kaupankäynti Internetissä --- τηλεεμπόριο --- commercio su Internet --- internetska trgovina --- virtualna trgovina --- e-kauppa --- tregti nëpërmjet Internetit --- virtuel handel --- virtuální obchod --- cibercomércio --- e-kereskedelem --- Online-Geschäfte --- E-Commerce --- comércio virtual --- Electronic Commerce --- е-трговија --- virtuaalikauppa --- virtuaalkaubandus --- elektronické obchodování --- comércio electrónico --- küberkaubandus --- virtual commerce --- online trgovina --- internetes kereskedelem --- internetinė prekyba --- cyberhandel --- e-commercio --- Interneti-kaubandus --- virtualioji prekyba --- comercio virtual --- e-comerț --- virtuell handel --- commerce virtuel --- internetový obchod --- virtuális kereskedelem --- handel via Internet --- e-comercio --- online commerce --- e. prekyba --- on-linehandel --- online-kaupankäynti --- comércio em linha --- virtuele handel --- e-trgovina --- εμπόριο on-line --- on line obchodování --- on-line handel --- cibercomercio --- commercio virtuale --- e-obchodování --- comerț prin internet --- e-handel --- κυβερνοεμπόριο --- tregti virtuale --- cybercommercio --- cybercommerce --- tregti kibernetike --- e-commerce --- onlinehandel --- Internet commerce --- E-Business --- comercio en Internet --- tirdzniecība internetā --- commerce sur Internet --- prekyba elektroniniu ryšiu --- интернетска трговија --- comercio en línea --- kyberkauppa --- virtuālā tirdzniecība --- tirdzniecība tiešsaistē --- εμπόριο μέσω Internet --- elektronischer Geschäftsverkehr --- comerț on line --- commerce en ligne --- e-obchod --- Anti-trust law --- Competition --- Competition law --- Trusts, Industrial --- Commercial law --- Trade regulation --- Computer industry --- Law and legislation. --- Law and legislation --- Law --- reachtaíocht