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Jewish refugees --- Shanghai (China)

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A suicide scandal in Shanghai reveals the social fault lines of democratic visions in China’s troubled Republic in the early 1920s. On September 8, 1922, the body of Xi Shangzhen was found hanging in the Shanghai newspaper office where she worked. Although her death took place outside of Chinese jurisdiction, her US–educated employer, the social activist Tang Jiezhi, was kidnapped by Chinese authorities and put on trial. As scandal rocked the city, novelists, filmmakers, suffragists, reformers, and even a founding member of the Chinese Communist Party seized upon the case as emblematic of deeper social problems. Xi’s family claimed that Tang had pressured her to be his concubine; his conviction instead for financial fraud only stirred further controversy. The creation of a republic ten years earlier had unleashed a powerful vision of popular sovereignty and a view of citizenship founded upon science, equality, and family reform. But, Bryna Goodman shows, after the suppression of the first Chinese parliament, efforts at urban liberal democracy dissolved in a flash of speculative finance and the suicide of an educated, working “new woman.” In yet another blow, Tang’s trial exposed the frailty of legal mechanisms in a political landscape fragmented by warlords and enclaves of foreign colonial rule. The Suicide of Miss Xi opens a window onto how urban Chinese in the first part of the twentieth century navigated China’s early passage through democratic populism, in an ill-fated moment of possibility between empire and party dictatorship. Xi Shangzhen became a symbol of the failures of the Chinese Republic as well as the broken promises of citizen’s rights, gender equality, and financial prosperity betokened by liberal democracy and capitalism.

Sexism --- Democracy --- History. --- Xi, Shangzhen. --- Shanghai (China) --- China --- Economic conditions --- History --- 20th century China. --- Chinese democracy. --- May Fourth Movement. --- Modern China. --- New Culture Movement. --- Republican China. --- Shanghai history. --- Shanghai. --- finance. --- financial bubble. --- gender. --- legal history. --- legal reform. --- newspaper history. --- print culture. --- scandal. --- stock market.

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Professors --- Condicions socials --- Educació internacional --- Xangai (Xina) --- Educació per a la comprensió internacional --- Intercanvi d'estudiants --- Cooperació cultural --- Educació comparada --- Internacionalisme --- Aspectes socials --- Qüestions socials --- Situació social --- Desenvolupament social --- Condicions rurals --- Situació legal --- Docents --- Ensenyants --- Mestres d'educació secundària obligatòria --- Personal docent --- Dones mestres --- Mestres --- Participació dels professors --- Professors d'economia --- Professors d'educació física --- Professors de ciències --- Professors de dret --- Professors de geografia --- Professors de llengua --- Professors de matemàtica --- Professors de música --- Professors en pràctiques --- Professors novells --- Professors universitaris --- Actituds dels professors --- Educadors --- Formació del professorat --- Formadors --- Psicòlegs escolars --- Shanghai (Xina) --- Xina --- Professors de dansa

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This book is relevant to architects, urban designers, planners, and policy makers concerned with enhancing climate-sensitive urban form and planning. It discusses building and neighborhood design: layout and design features that maximize energy efficiency and thermal comfort without compromising the ability of other buildings to enjoy similar benefits; the use of interstitial spaces (piazzas, streets, and parks) to improve the microclimate at the neighbourhood-level; design intervention case studies; innovative uses of interstitial spaces to improve the local climate at the neighborhood level; and urban radiative cooling solutions to mitigate the unintended climate consequences of urban growth and suggestions for ways forward.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- Thermodynamics & heat --- cooling effect --- urban park --- thermal comfort --- physiological equivalent temperature --- perceived thermal comfort --- urban heat island --- air temperature --- sustainable cities --- smart cities --- urban health --- global warming --- urban green spaces --- sustainable urban development --- climate change mitigation and adaptation --- urban resilience  --- heatwaves --- urban overheating --- urban heat island intensity --- energy budget equation --- sensible heat flux --- latent heat flux --- advective heat flux --- Australian climatic conditions --- coastal cities --- desert climate --- surface urban heat island effect --- land use/land cover --- partial least square regression --- nonlinear programming --- Shanghai --- China --- urban form --- urban microclimate design --- city --- sustainability --- sustainable development --- cool roof --- passive radiative cooling --- metamaterials --- prototype

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The book “Integrated human exposure to air pollution” aimed to increase knowledge about human exposure in different micro-environments, or when citizens are performing specific tasks, to demonstrate methodologies for the understanding of pollution sources and their impact on indoor and ambient air quality, and, ultimately, to identify the most effective mitigation measures to decrease human exposure and protect public health. Taking advantage of the latest available tools, such as internet of things (IoT), low-cost sensors and a wide access to online platforms and apps by the citizens, new methodologies and approaches can be implemented to understand which factors can influence human exposure to air pollution. This knowledge, when made available to the citizens, along with the awareness of the impact of air pollution on human life and earth systems, can empower them to act, individually or collectively, to promote behavioral changes aiming to reduce pollutants’ emissions. Overall, this book gathers fourteen innovative studies that provide new insights regarding these important topics within the scope of human exposure to air pollution. A total of five main areas were discussed and explored within this book and, hopefully, can contribute to the advance of knowledge in this field.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Personal Air Pollution Exposure (PAPE) --- air pollution monitoring --- IoT --- Air Quality Decision Support System --- health impact --- air pollution --- public concern --- air quality index --- Baidu index --- Shanghai --- air quality --- crowd-sensing --- crowd-sourced sensing --- environmental analysis --- pollution --- particulate matter --- dust sensor --- human exposure --- Arduino --- wireless networks --- oxides --- traffic --- state space --- milan --- area b --- cross validation --- policy intervention analysis --- counter-factual --- unobservable components --- PM2.5 --- population exposure --- tier-models --- health burden misclassification --- BenMap-CE --- tuberculosis --- infectious disease --- time-series --- Poisson regression --- kriging --- road dust --- PM10 emission factors --- enrichment index --- human health risk --- atmospheric aerosols --- bioaerosols --- culturable bacteria --- long-term trends --- hazard for human --- indoor air quality --- e-cigarettes --- heat-not-burn tobacco --- traditional smoking products --- tobacco smoke --- passenger cars --- lung inflammation --- allergy --- indoor pollutants --- biomarkers --- FeNO --- eosinophil --- neutrophil --- fine particulate matter --- economic growth --- urbanization --- industrialization --- Granger causality test --- air pollutants --- monitoring --- seasonality --- chemical characterization --- source apportionment --- particulate matters (PM) --- air purifier --- experiment --- real-time monitoring unit --- transfer unit --- occupant --- breathing zone --- cooking fuel --- household air pollution --- preterm births --- perinatal mortality --- low birth weight --- stillbirth --- Nigeria --- n/a