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What is noise? How does it enter into human judgment and enhance errors in decision making?In this Social Science Bites Podcast, Olivier Sibony, co-author of Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment, defines the concept of noise as the 'unwanted variability in human judgment' causing errors in our thinking. After bias has been identified in professional judgments, the undesirable variability of faults (that is, noise) remains. Sibony goes on to explain why it is important for us to understand what noise is, how it is mathematically equivalent to bias and how to mitigate its negative effects on our judgment.Sibony discusses the range of areas in which statisticians can identify noise, using examples such as the cost and claim estimates of insurance companies, how professors grade essays and how a judge decides the sentence for a person who has been found guilty of a crime. This is particularly important because 'when similarly situated people are not treated similarly, it's unfair'. Decisions can have incredible effects on those who are involved, and many outcomes are a lottery, as they are reliant on those who happen to be put in charge of making the decisions. This in turn makes the credibility of the decision-making institution questionable.

Judgment. --- Decision making.

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Dès qu’il y a jugement, il y a bruit. Quand deux médecins posent des diagnostics différents pour le même patient, quand deux juges attribuent des peines plus ou moins lourdes pour le même crime, quand deux responsables de ressources humaines prennent des décisions opposées à propos d’un candidat à un poste, nous sommes face au bruit. Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony et Cass R. Sunstein montrent dans ce livre que le bruit exerce des effets nocifs dans de nombreux domaines : médecine, justice, protection de l’enfance, prévision économique, recrutement, police scientifique, stratégie d’entreprise… Pourtant, le bruit reste méconnu. Il est la face cachée de l’erreur de jugement. Noise nous propose des solutions simples et immédiatement opérationnelles pour réduire le bruit dans nos jugements et prendre de meilleures décisions

Decision making --- Reasoning (Psychology) --- Judgment --- Cognitive styles --- Judgment (Logic) --- Jugement --- Prise de décision --- Raisonnement --- Aspect psychologique

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"In An Education in Judgment, philosopher D. N. Rodowick makes his definitive case for a philosophical humanistic education as the development of a life guided by both self-reflection and interpersonal exchange. Such a life is an education in judgment, the moral capacity to draw conclusions alone and with others, and to let one's own judgments be answerable to the potentially contrasting judgments of others. Thinking, for Rodowick, is an art we practice with and learn from each other all the time. In taking this approach, Rodowick follows the lead of Hannah Arendt, who made judgment the cornerstone of her conception of community. Arendt was famously wary of mass culture, and so community (in an authentic sense) must be safeguarded from its many false guises. What is important for Rodowick, as for Arendt, is the cultivation of "free relations," in which we allow our judgments to be affected and transformed by those of others, creating "an ever-widening fabric of intersubjective moral consideration." This is a fragile fabric, to be sure, but one well worth pursuing, caring for, and preserving. This is an original work in which the author thinks with Arendt about the importance of the humanities and what "the humanities" amounts to beyond the university"--

Philosophical anthropology --- Arendt, Hannah --- Judgment --- Humanities --- Arendt, Hannah, - 1906-1975

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Immanuel Kant's Critique of Judgment is widely recognized as a founding document of modern aesthetics, but its legacy has fallen into disrepute. In this book Katalin Makkai calls for the rediscovery of Kant's aesthetics, showing that its centerpiece, his investigation of the judgment of taste, paints a compelling portrait of our relationships with works of art that we love. At its heart is a scene of aesthetic encounter in which one feels oneself to be 'animated' - brought to life - by an object, finding there to be something in one's experience of it, beyond what there is to know about it, that one wants to explore and articulate. Tracing Kant's insight that to judge is to reveal one's sense of what bears judging, and hence of what matters, Makkai situates Kant's aesthetics within his larger study, begun in the first Critique, of judgment's fundamental role in the life of the mind.

Kant, Immanuel, --- Judgment (Aesthetics) --- Aesthetics --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804 --- Kant, Immanuel --- Aesthetics.

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Providing a unique interpretation of Kant’s theory of judgement as integral to his overall project, Claudia Brodsky explores his continued relevance to contemporary theoretical concerns. The Linguistic Condition traces how Kant combined sensus communis, or common sense with the communicative nature of judgement to reveal that, for him, acts of judgement are dependent on their linguistic articulation, so that in Kantian philosophy language and judgement are inextricably linked. In this first in-depth analysis of language in the Critique of Judgement, Brodsky forms creative connections between literature and philosophy.

Judgment (Logic) --- Language and languages - Philosophy --- Kant, Immanuel, - 1724-1804. - Kritik der Urteilskraft --- Language and languages