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Communément, l’usage social veut que l’on utilise les discours de toute sorte – dits ou écrits – comme autant de ponts qui nous renseignent sur ce que, telle ou telle, la réalité est : en lisant les journaux, on s’enquiert des événements qui font l’actualité, en écoutant un proche, on s’informe sur les derniers péripéties qui ont marqués sa vie. Mais, comme Magritte qui invitait à ne pas confondre représentations picturales et réalité – « Ceci n’est pas une pipe » –, on peut rompre avec cet usage indigène des discours afin de les prendre pour ce qu’ils sont : d’abord et avant tout des productions sociales, miroir des représentations ou « pensées » qu’à un moment donné les individus tentent d’exprimer au moyen des mots. Se dessine alors une opportunité de voir dans les discours le terrain d’accomplissement d’autant de pratiques – inséparablement sociales et conceptuelles – que l’on peut s’employer à décrire. S’appuyant essentiellement sur des entretiens passés auprès de chercheurs et de journalistes et qui visaient à déterminer comment chacun aborde la réalité, la recherche est aussi l’occasion d’aborder des questionnements classiques d’épistémologie, cela surtout pour en évaluer des fondements et/ou implications proprement sociaux : comment comprendre par exemple, d’un point de vue sociologique, la disposition commune à reconnaître ponctuellement quelque chose comme des faits, soit des éléments discursifs qui paraissent si durs et/ou si inhérents aux phénomènes approchés ?
Reality --- Social representations --- Knowledge, Sociology of --- Sociology --- Discourse analysis --- Réalité --- Représentations sociales --- Sociologie de la connaissance --- Sociologie --- Analyse du discours --- Social aspects --- Methodology --- Aspect social --- Méthodologie --- Social representations. --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Discourse analysis. --- Social aspects. --- Methodology. --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Social epistemology --- Representations, Social --- Social perception --- Philosophy --- Truth --- Nominalism --- Pluralism --- Pragmatism --- représentation --- épistémologie --- discours --- pratique --- mot --- actualité --- réalité
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This book addresses different forms of discourse by analysing the emergence of power dynamics in communication and their importance in shaping the production and reception of messages. The chapters focus on specific cognitive aspects, such as the verbal expression of reasoning or emotions, as well as on linguistic and discursive processes. The interaction between reasoning, feelings, and emotions is described in relation to several fields of discourse where power dynamics may emerge and includes, among others, political, media, and academic discourse. This volume aims to include representative instances of this heterogeneity and is deeply rooted, both theoretically and methodologically, in the acknowledgment that the investigation of the complex interaction between reason and emotion in discursive productions cannot be exempt from the adoption of a multi-disciplinary perspective. By providing a critical reflection of their methodological decisions, and describing the implications of their research projects, the contributors offer insights which are relevant for students, researchers, and practitioners operating in the broad field of discourse studies. Patrizia Anesa is a researcher in English Language and Translation at the University of Bergamo, Italy. She holds a PhD in English Studies, with a specialisation in professional communication. Her research interests lie mostly in the area of specialised discourse, and in particular in the investigation of knowledge asymmetries in expert-lay communication. Aurora Fragonara is an adjunct lecturer in French Language and Linguistics at the University of Bergamo and the University of Milan, Italy. She holds a PhD in Linguistics from the research centre CREM at the University of Lorraine, France. Her main research interests are French discourse analysis and enunciation theory, which she combines with cognitive linguistics, pragmatics, and semiotics.
Human sciences --- Information systems --- Pragmatics --- Psycholinguistics --- sociale media --- psycholinguïstiek --- pragmatisme --- Discourse analysis. --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Psycholinguistics. --- Pragmatics. --- Digital humanities. --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Psycholinguistics and Cognitive Lingusitics. --- Digital Humanities. --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Humanities --- General semantics --- Language and languages --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Language, Psychology of --- Psychology of language --- Speech --- Linguistics --- Psychology --- Thought and thinking --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Sociology --- Social epistemology --- Philosophy --- Psychological aspects
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Dieses Open-Access-Buch ist die erste soziologische Ethnographie, die sich der Forschungspraxis wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Laborexperimente widmet. Wissenschaftliche Labore sind Orte der Außeralltäglichkeit, die zum Zweck wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen geschaffen werden. Der Untersuchungsgegenstand ökonomischer Laborexperimente ist das menschliche Entscheidungsverhalten. Dieses ist immer an die Menschen gebunden, die ihr ‚Entscheiden‘ durch Handeln oder Verhalten erst entäußern müssen, damit es messbar wird. Die Studie zeigt materialreich auf, wie im ‚ökonomisches Laboratop‘ ein spezifischer Rahmen (Goffman 1977) für die Messung ökonomischen Entscheidungsverhaltens interaktiv von den Handelnden erzeugt, aufrechterhalten und verankert wird und rekonstruiert so das schrittweise Vorgehen des ‚Herauspräparierens‘ des wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Untersuchungsgegenstandes. Zentrale konzeptionelle Bezugspunkte bilden der kommunikative Konstruktivismus, die Goffmansche Rahmenanalyse, die Ethnomethodologie und eine Erweiterung der wissenssoziologischen Gattungsanalyse. Die Autorin Juliane Haus ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung (WZB) und Teil der Forschungsgruppe „Digitale Mobilität und gesellschaftliche Differenzierung“. Aktuell widmet sie sich der praktischen Anwendung und wissenschaftlichen Analyse experimenteller Ansätze im Bereich der Mobilitätsforschung in transdisziplinären Konstellationen.
Society & social sciences --- Social & cultural anthropology, ethnography --- Social Sciences, general --- Ethnography --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse --- Sociology of Science --- Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Laborexperimente --- Laborstudien --- Ethnographie/ Wissenschaftsethnographie --- Sozialwissenschaftliche Experimente --- Kommunikativer Konstruktivismus --- Konstruktivistische Wissenschaftsforschung --- Wissenssoziologie --- Science and Technology Studies (STS) --- Open Access --- Society & Social Sciences --- Sociology --- Social & cultural anthropology --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Ethnology. --- Science --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Ethnography. --- Sociology of Science. --- Social aspects. --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Social epistemology --- Science and society --- Sociology of science --- Cultural anthropology --- Races of man --- Social anthropology --- Anthropology --- Human beings
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"Speaking from and about the periphery that Bosnia-Herzegovina has become, Danijela Majstorović theorises the affective entanglements of Bosnians’ responses to peripheralization with a decolonial commitment and an intimate understanding of what it has meant in her own material and social worlds between protests for civic justice and the ‘third wave’ of postsocialist migration from Bosnia-Herzegovina emplacing and displacing ‘peripheral selves'." -Catherine Baker, University of Hull, UK This book examines the making and breaking of peripheral selves in and from postsocialist Bosnia in an empirically rich self-reflexive account of politico-economic and ideological developments. Through world systems and postcolonial theory, historical and new materialist optics, discursive and affective analytical registers, and various qualitative methodological choices, the author analyzes peripheral subjectivity in connection to global proletarianization, as well as past and present resistance via social and personal movement(s). She refers to past Yugoslav socialist and anticolonial struggles as well as more recent ones, including the social justice and feminist collective, engaging with workers’ and women’s struggles in postwar Bosnia and the Justice for David movement. Finally, she analyzes the lives of new third-wave Bosnian migrants to Germany post-2015, placing them in juxtaposition with non-European migrants in Bosnian reception centers and exposing labor and race, border struggles and market as new variables for studying selves in this particular context. Writing about “situated knowledge” and “politics of location,” the author stresses the importance of strong affective ties within researcher-researched assemblages urging for deeper coalitions and solidarity among various peripheral, power-differentiated communities. This book will be of interest to readers with backgrounds in linguistics, sociology, post-Yugoslav history, cultural studies and anthropology. Danijela Majstorović is Professor of English Linguistics and Cultural Studies in the English Department at the University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Her research interests involve qualitative social research, critical discourse analysis, critical theory, feminism and postcolonial theory. She has published extensively on postwar Bosnia’s postsocialist transformation, the role of the international community and local ethno-nationalist elites, youth ethnicity, women’s struggles, social movements and migrations.
Science --- Politics --- Mass communications --- Comparative linguistics --- History of Eastern Europe --- communicatie --- geschiedenis --- onderzoeksmethoden --- politiek --- linguïstiek --- Russia --- Affect (Psychology) --- Political science. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Emotions --- Psychology --- Bosnia and Herzegovina --- Politics and government --- Linguistics --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Europe, Eastern --- Soviet Union --- Communication in politics. --- Research Methods in Language and Linguistics. --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Russian, Soviet, and East European History. --- Political Communication. --- Political communication --- Political science --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Sociology --- Social epistemology --- Methodology. --- History.
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This edited book collection offers strong theoretical and philosophical insight into how digital platforms and their constituent algorithms interact with belief systems to achieve deception, and how related vices such as lies, bullshit, misinformation, disinformation, and ignorance contribute to deception. This inter-disciplinary collection explores how we can better understand and respond to these problematic practices. The Epistemology of Deceit in a Postdigital Era: Dupery by Design will be of interest to anyone concerned with deception in a ‘postdigital’ era including fake news, and propaganda online. The election of populist governments across the world has raised concerns that fake news in online platforms is undermining the legitimacy of the press, the democratic process, and the authority of sources such as science, the social sciences and qualified experts. The global reach of Google, YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, and other platforms has shown that they can be used to create and spread fake and misleading news quickly and without control. These platforms operate and thrive in an increasingly balkanised media eco-system where networks of users will predominantly access and consume information that conforms to their existing worldviews. Conflicting positions, even if relevant and authoritative, are suppressed, or overlooked in everyday digital information consumption. Digital platforms have contributed to the prolific spread of false information, enabled ignorance in online news consumers, and fostered confusion over determining fact from fiction. The collection explores: Deception, what it is, and how its proliferation is achieved in online platforms. Truth and the appearance of truth, and the role digital technologies play in pretending to represent truth. How we can counter these vices to protect ourselves and our institutions from their potentially baneful effects. Chapter 15 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Ciències socials --- Teoria del coneixement --- Fake news --- Notícies falses --- Notícies falses (Periodisme) --- Desinformació --- Periodisme --- Epistemologia --- Gnoseologia --- Consciència --- Filosofia --- Lògica --- Metafísica --- Psicologia --- A priori --- Analogia --- Categories (Filosofia) --- Certesa --- Comparació (Psicologia) --- Comprensió --- Conceptes --- Constructivisme (Filosofia) --- Creença i dubte --- Criteri --- Empirisme --- Epistemologia genètica --- Error --- Experiència --- Explicació --- Falsabilitat --- Fenomenisme --- Idea (Filosofia) --- Identitat (Concepte filosòfic) --- Ideologia --- Immanència (Filosofia) --- Interdisciplinarietat --- Intuïció --- Justificació (Teoria del coneixement) --- Mems --- Objectivitat --- Observació (Psicologia) --- Percepció --- Pragmatisme --- Psicologia de la forma --- Qüestionament --- Racionalisme --- Raó suficient --- Relativisme --- Relativitat (Filosofia) --- Semblança (Filosofia) --- Sentit comú --- Sentits --- Sociologia del coneixement --- Subjecte (Filosofia) --- Subjectivitat --- Teoria de les ficcions --- Teoria del coneixement d'un mateix --- Universals (Filosofia) --- Valors (Filosofia) --- Apercepció --- Cognició --- Intel·ligència --- Realitat --- Transcendència (Filosofia) --- Veritat --- Civilització --- Anàlisi transcultural --- Comunicació en ciències socials --- Ciències de l'educació --- Civisme --- Conducta (Psicologia) --- Conservadorisme --- Criminologia --- Demografia --- Dret --- Ecologia humana --- Economia --- Equilibri social --- Fotografia en les ciències socials --- Funcionalisme (Ciències socials) --- Història --- Paradigmes (Ciències socials) --- Pluralisme cultural --- Política --- Sociologia --- Teoria econòmica --- Didàctica de les ciències socials --- Ensenyament de les ciències socials --- Fake news. --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- News, Fake --- Disinformation --- Hoaxes --- Journalism --- Educational technology. --- Knowledge, Sociology of. --- Education --- Communication. --- Digital Education and Educational Technology. --- Sociology of Knowledge and Discourse. --- Educational Philosophy. --- Media and Communication. --- Philosophy. --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- Knowledge, Theory of (Sociology) --- Sociology of knowledge --- Communication --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Public opinion --- Social epistemology --- Instructional technology --- Technology in education --- Technology --- Educational innovations --- Instructional systems --- Teaching --- Aids and devices --- Social sciences.
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