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Ultraviolet astronomy. --- Life --- Origin. --- Abiogenesis --- Biogenesis --- Germ theory --- Heterogenesis --- Life, Origin of --- Life (Biology) --- Origin of life --- Plasmogeny --- Plasmogony --- Evolution (Biology) --- Exobiology --- Spontaneous generation --- Origin --- Astronomy --- Space astronomy
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Earth sciences. --- Life --- Origin. --- Abiogenesis --- Biogenesis --- Germ theory --- Heterogenesis --- Life, Origin of --- Life (Biology) --- Origin of life --- Plasmogeny --- Plasmogony --- Evolution (Biology) --- Exobiology --- Spontaneous generation --- Geosciences --- Environmental sciences --- Physical sciences --- Origin
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"Information is central to the evolution of biological complexity, a physical system relying on a continuous supply of energy. Biology provides superb examples of the consequent Darwinian selection of mechanisms for efficient energy utilisation. Genetic information, underpinned by the Watson-Crick base-pairing rules is largely encoded by DNA, a molecule uniquely adapted to its roles in information storage and utilisation.This volume addresses two fundamental questions. Firstly, what properties of the molecule have enabled it to become the predominant genetic material in the biological world today and secondly, to what extent have the informational properties of the molecule contributed to the expansion of biological diversity and the stability of ecosystems. The author argues that bringing these two seemingly unrelated topics together enables Schrödinger's What is Life?, published before the structure of DNA was known, to be revisited and his ideas examined in the context of our current biological understanding"--
Evolution (Biology) --- DNA --- Biological Evolution --- Biodiversity --- Biophysical Phenomena --- Origin of Life --- Évolution (biologie) --- ADN --- Biodiversité --- Origine de la vie --- Phénomènes biophysiques --- genetics --- Génétique --- Schrödinger, Erwin --- Biological Evolution. --- Biodiversity. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Évolution (biologie) --- Biodiversité --- Phénomènes biophysiques --- Génétique --- Schrödinger, Erwin
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Chirality, or handedness, is a fundamental physical characteristic, which spans the length scales ranging from elementary particles to the chiral asymmetry of spiral galaxies. The way in which chirality in chemistry, or molecular handedness, may have emerged in a primitive terrestrial environment, and how it can be triggered, amplified, and transferred, are deeply challenging problems rooted in both fundamental scientific interests and the technological potentials for science and society. Chirality constitutes a unifying feature of the living world and is a prime driving force for molecular selection and genetic evolution in biology. In this book, we offer a selection of five distinct approaches to this problem by leading experts in the field. The selected topics range from protein chirality and its relevance to protein ageing, protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, entropy production associated with chiral symmetry breaking in closed systems, chiral oscillations in polymerization models involving higher-order oligomers, the mirror symmetry breaking in liquids and its implications for the development of homochirality in abiogenesis, the role of chirality in the chemical sciences, and some philosophical implications of chirality.
Research & information: general --- biochirality --- post-translational modifications --- protein folding --- protein aggregation --- spontaneous chemical reactions --- neurodegeneration --- non-equilibrium phase transitions --- chiral symmetry breaking --- entropy production --- closed systems --- nonequilibrium --- dissipative structures --- mirror symmetry breaking --- biological chirality --- liquid crystals --- proto-RNA --- networks --- compartmentalization --- chiral liquids --- cubic phases --- prebiotic chemistry --- chirality amplification --- helical self-assembly --- chiral oscillations --- spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking --- origin of homochirality --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- biological homochirality --- chemical abiotic evolution --- chirality --- origin of life --- dissipative reaction systems --- biochirality --- post-translational modifications --- protein folding --- protein aggregation --- spontaneous chemical reactions --- neurodegeneration --- non-equilibrium phase transitions --- chiral symmetry breaking --- entropy production --- closed systems --- nonequilibrium --- dissipative structures --- mirror symmetry breaking --- biological chirality --- liquid crystals --- proto-RNA --- networks --- compartmentalization --- chiral liquids --- cubic phases --- prebiotic chemistry --- chirality amplification --- helical self-assembly --- chiral oscillations --- spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking --- origin of homochirality --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- biological homochirality --- chemical abiotic evolution --- chirality --- origin of life --- dissipative reaction systems
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Chirality, or handedness, is a fundamental physical characteristic, which spans the length scales ranging from elementary particles to the chiral asymmetry of spiral galaxies. The way in which chirality in chemistry, or molecular handedness, may have emerged in a primitive terrestrial environment, and how it can be triggered, amplified, and transferred, are deeply challenging problems rooted in both fundamental scientific interests and the technological potentials for science and society. Chirality constitutes a unifying feature of the living world and is a prime driving force for molecular selection and genetic evolution in biology. In this book, we offer a selection of five distinct approaches to this problem by leading experts in the field. The selected topics range from protein chirality and its relevance to protein ageing, protein aggregation and neurodegeneration, entropy production associated with chiral symmetry breaking in closed systems, chiral oscillations in polymerization models involving higher-order oligomers, the mirror symmetry breaking in liquids and its implications for the development of homochirality in abiogenesis, the role of chirality in the chemical sciences, and some philosophical implications of chirality.
biochirality --- post-translational modifications --- protein folding --- protein aggregation --- spontaneous chemical reactions --- neurodegeneration --- non-equilibrium phase transitions --- chiral symmetry breaking --- entropy production --- closed systems --- nonequilibrium --- dissipative structures --- mirror symmetry breaking --- biological chirality --- liquid crystals --- proto-RNA --- networks --- compartmentalization --- chiral liquids --- cubic phases --- prebiotic chemistry --- chirality amplification --- helical self-assembly --- chiral oscillations --- spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking --- origin of homochirality --- absolute asymmetric synthesis --- biological homochirality --- chemical abiotic evolution --- chirality --- origin of life --- dissipative reaction systems
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The origin of life has been investigated by many researchers from various research fields, such as Geology, Geochemistry, Physics, Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Astronomy and so on. Nevertheless, the origin of life remains unsolved. One of the reasons for this could be attributed to the different approaches that researchers have used to understand the events that happened on the primitive Earth. The origins of the main three members of the fundamental life system, as gene, genetic code and protein, could be only separately understood with these approaches. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the origins of gene, the genetic code, tRNA, metabolism, cell structure and protein not separately but comprehensively under a common concept in order to understand the origin of life, because the six members are intimately related to each other. In this monograph, the author offers a comprehensive hypothesis to explain the origin of life under a common concept. At the same time, the author offers the [GADV] hypothesis contrasting it with other current hypotheses and discusses the results of analyses of genes/proteins and the experimental data available in the exploration of the current knowledge in the field. This book is of interest for science students, researchers and the general public interested in the origin of life.
Proteins . --- Organic chemistry. --- Chemistry. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Biochemistry. --- Physiology. --- Protein Science. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Chemistry/Food Science, general. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics --- Physical sciences --- Organic chemistry --- Chemistry --- Animal physiology --- Animals --- Biology --- Anatomy --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Animal evolution --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Evolution --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Physiology --- Composition --- Life --- Genes. --- Genetic code. --- Origin. --- Nucleotide sequence --- Units of heredity --- Units of inheritance --- Heredity --- Molecular genetics --- DNA --- Abiogenesis --- Biogenesis --- Germ theory --- Heterogenesis --- Life, Origin of --- Life (Biology) --- Origin of life --- Plasmogeny --- Plasmogony --- Evolution (Biology) --- Exobiology --- Spontaneous generation --- Origin --- Origen de la vida --- Codi genètic --- Genètica
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Very few materials have attracted so much attention in recent years, both from researchers and industry, as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have. LDHs, which are also referred to as anionic clays or hydrotalcites, are a wide class of inorganic ionic lamellar clay materials consisting of alternately stacked positively charged metal hydroxide layers with intercalated charge-balancing anions in hydrated interlayer regions. Their unique properties, such as their extremely high versatility in chemical composition and intercalation ability, extraordinary tuneability in composition as well as morphology, good biocompatibility and high anion exchangeability, have triggered immense interdisciplinary interest for their use in many different fields of chemistry, biology, medicine, and physics. Indeed, the applications of LDHs are constantly growing: LDHs, in the form of aggregated lamellar clusters, exfoliated single-layer nanosheets, or hierarchical films of interconnected nanoplatelets, can be effectively used as nanoscale vehicles in drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysts and supports for molecular catalysts, ion exchangers and adsorbents, solid electrolytes or fillers in electrochemistry, for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, water treatment and purification, and the synthesis of functional thin films. This book gathers the contributions to the Special Issue “Layered Double Hydroxides” of Crystals, which includes two review articles and seven research papers.
Research & information: general --- layered double hydroxide --- memory effect --- rare earth --- europium --- 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid --- alginate beads --- green sorbent --- selective adsorption --- heavy metals --- tetracycline --- metal hydroxides --- layered double hydroxides --- removal --- water sample --- Bacillus subtilis --- surfactin --- quantitative analysis --- fermentation --- growth phase --- cellular biology --- catalysis --- DNA --- drug delivery --- hydrotalcite --- osteogenesis --- photocatalysis --- RNA. --- antimonate uptake --- mine water --- brandholzite --- zincalstibite --- iron precursor --- acidic residual solution --- LDH synthesis --- Mo(VI) adsorption --- resveratrol --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- endurance exercise --- mitochondrial nutrients --- mitochondrial quality control --- origin of life --- layer double hydroxide --- synthetic biology --- bioinspired devices --- biosensors --- bioanalysis --- n/a
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Very few materials have attracted so much attention in recent years, both from researchers and industry, as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have. LDHs, which are also referred to as anionic clays or hydrotalcites, are a wide class of inorganic ionic lamellar clay materials consisting of alternately stacked positively charged metal hydroxide layers with intercalated charge-balancing anions in hydrated interlayer regions. Their unique properties, such as their extremely high versatility in chemical composition and intercalation ability, extraordinary tuneability in composition as well as morphology, good biocompatibility and high anion exchangeability, have triggered immense interdisciplinary interest for their use in many different fields of chemistry, biology, medicine, and physics. Indeed, the applications of LDHs are constantly growing: LDHs, in the form of aggregated lamellar clusters, exfoliated single-layer nanosheets, or hierarchical films of interconnected nanoplatelets, can be effectively used as nanoscale vehicles in drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysts and supports for molecular catalysts, ion exchangers and adsorbents, solid electrolytes or fillers in electrochemistry, for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, water treatment and purification, and the synthesis of functional thin films. This book gathers the contributions to the Special Issue “Layered Double Hydroxides” of Crystals, which includes two review articles and seven research papers.
layered double hydroxide --- memory effect --- rare earth --- europium --- 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid --- alginate beads --- green sorbent --- selective adsorption --- heavy metals --- tetracycline --- metal hydroxides --- layered double hydroxides --- removal --- water sample --- Bacillus subtilis --- surfactin --- quantitative analysis --- fermentation --- growth phase --- cellular biology --- catalysis --- DNA --- drug delivery --- hydrotalcite --- osteogenesis --- photocatalysis --- RNA. --- antimonate uptake --- mine water --- brandholzite --- zincalstibite --- iron precursor --- acidic residual solution --- LDH synthesis --- Mo(VI) adsorption --- resveratrol --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- endurance exercise --- mitochondrial nutrients --- mitochondrial quality control --- origin of life --- layer double hydroxide --- synthetic biology --- bioinspired devices --- biosensors --- bioanalysis --- n/a
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Very few materials have attracted so much attention in recent years, both from researchers and industry, as layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have. LDHs, which are also referred to as anionic clays or hydrotalcites, are a wide class of inorganic ionic lamellar clay materials consisting of alternately stacked positively charged metal hydroxide layers with intercalated charge-balancing anions in hydrated interlayer regions. Their unique properties, such as their extremely high versatility in chemical composition and intercalation ability, extraordinary tuneability in composition as well as morphology, good biocompatibility and high anion exchangeability, have triggered immense interdisciplinary interest for their use in many different fields of chemistry, biology, medicine, and physics. Indeed, the applications of LDHs are constantly growing: LDHs, in the form of aggregated lamellar clusters, exfoliated single-layer nanosheets, or hierarchical films of interconnected nanoplatelets, can be effectively used as nanoscale vehicles in drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysts and supports for molecular catalysts, ion exchangers and adsorbents, solid electrolytes or fillers in electrochemistry, for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces, water treatment and purification, and the synthesis of functional thin films. This book gathers the contributions to the Special Issue “Layered Double Hydroxides” of Crystals, which includes two review articles and seven research papers.
Research & information: general --- layered double hydroxide --- memory effect --- rare earth --- europium --- 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid --- alginate beads --- green sorbent --- selective adsorption --- heavy metals --- tetracycline --- metal hydroxides --- layered double hydroxides --- removal --- water sample --- Bacillus subtilis --- surfactin --- quantitative analysis --- fermentation --- growth phase --- cellular biology --- catalysis --- DNA --- drug delivery --- hydrotalcite --- osteogenesis --- photocatalysis --- RNA. --- antimonate uptake --- mine water --- brandholzite --- zincalstibite --- iron precursor --- acidic residual solution --- LDH synthesis --- Mo(VI) adsorption --- resveratrol --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- endurance exercise --- mitochondrial nutrients --- mitochondrial quality control --- origin of life --- layer double hydroxide --- synthetic biology --- bioinspired devices --- biosensors --- bioanalysis --- layered double hydroxide --- memory effect --- rare earth --- europium --- 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid --- alginate beads --- green sorbent --- selective adsorption --- heavy metals --- tetracycline --- metal hydroxides --- layered double hydroxides --- removal --- water sample --- Bacillus subtilis --- surfactin --- quantitative analysis --- fermentation --- growth phase --- cellular biology --- catalysis --- DNA --- drug delivery --- hydrotalcite --- osteogenesis --- photocatalysis --- RNA. --- antimonate uptake --- mine water --- brandholzite --- zincalstibite --- iron precursor --- acidic residual solution --- LDH synthesis --- Mo(VI) adsorption --- resveratrol --- solid lipid nanoparticles --- endurance exercise --- mitochondrial nutrients --- mitochondrial quality control --- origin of life --- layer double hydroxide --- synthetic biology --- bioinspired devices --- biosensors --- bioanalysis
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