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Under Action 14, countries have committed to implement a minimum standard to strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). The MAP is included in Article 25 of the OECD Model Tax Convention and commits countries to endeavour to resolve disputes related to the interpretation and application of tax treaties. The Action 14 Minimum Standard has been translated into specific terms of reference and a methodology for the peer review and monitoring process. The peer review process is conducted in two stages. Stage 1 assesses countries against the terms of reference of the minimum standard according to an agreed schedule of review. Stage 2 focuses on monitoring the follow-up of any recommendations resulting from jurisdictions' Stage 1 peer review report. This report reflects the outcome of the Stage 2 peer monitoring of the implementation of the Action 14 Minimum Standard of Portugal.

Taxation --- Portugal

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This book offers a comprehensive overview of the early modern military history of Portugal and its possessions in Africa, the Americas, and Asia from the perspective of the military revolution historiographical debate. The existence of a military revolution in the early modern period has been much debated in international historiography, and this volume fills a significant gap in its relation to the history of Portugal and its overseas empire. It examines different forms of military change in specifically Portuguese case studies but also adopts a global perspective through the analysis of different contexts and episodes in Africa, the Americas, and Asia. Contributors explore whether there is evidence of what could be defined as aspects of a military revolution or whether other explanatory models are needed to account for different forms of military change. In this way, it offers the reader a variety of perspectives that contribute to the debate over the applicability of the military revolution concept to Portugal and its empire during the early modern period. Broken down into four thematic parts and broad in both chronological and geographical scope, the book deepens our understanding of the art of warfare in Portugal and its empire and demonstrates how the military revolution debate can be used to examine military change in a global perspective. This is an essential text for scholars and students of military history, military architecture, global history, Asian history, and the history of Iberian empires.

Imperialism --- Portugal --- Portugal --- Portugal --- Portugal --- Colonies --- History --- Colonies --- History --- History, Military --- History, Military

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Lisbon Earthquake --- Portugal --- 1755 --- Poetry

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"Villamar examines the role of Portuguese merchants in the formation of the Manila Galleon as a system of trade founded at the end of the sixteenth century. The rise of Manila as a crucial transshipment port was not a spontaneous incident. Instead, it came about through a complex combination of circumstances and interconnections that nurtured the establishment of the Manila Galleon system, a trading mechanism that lasted two and half centuries from 1565 until 1815. Villamar analyses the establishment of the regulatory framework of the trade across the Pacific Ocean as a whole setting that provided legality to the transactions, predictability to the transportation and security to the stakeholders. He looks both at the Spanish crown strategy in Asia, and the emergence of a network of Portuguese merchants located in Manila and active in the long-distance trade. This informal community of merchants participated from the inception of the trading system across the Pacific, with connections between Europe, ports in Asia under the control of Portugal, the Spanish colonies in America, and the city of Manila. From its inception, the newly-founded capital of the Philippines became a hub of connections, attracting part of the trade that already existed in Asia. Surveying the Portuguese commercial networks from the 'Estado da Índia' across the 'Spanish lake,' this book sheds light on the early modern globalization from a truly comprehensive Iberian perspective. This is a valuable resource for scholars of Pacific and Iberian trade history and the maritime history of Asia"--

Shipping --- History. --- Portugal --- Philippines --- Commerce

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El libro realiza una investigación sobre las diversas expresiones de movilización política, protestas sociales y resistencias cotidianas que se produjeron en el distrito de Évora, región del Alentejo, durante los agitados años que marcaron la caída de la Monarquía y la instauración y primeros años de la República (1908-1918). El texto se centra se centra principalmente en el análisis de cuatro aspectos: las diversas estrategias de resistencia cotidiana realizadas por las clases populares campesinas; los actos de movilización política vinculados al republicanismo; el desarrollo del asociacionismo y la conflictividad social vinculada a la expansión del movimiento obrero de la mano de corticeiros y trabajadores rurales; y las protestas populares relacionadas con la crisis de subsistencias en el marco de la Gran Guerra. Con ello, el libro pretende mostrar a través del ejemplo alentejano que la sociedad rural portuguesa participó activa y dinámicamente en la vida política y social del país durante los primeros años del siglo XX.

Political activists. --- Portugal --- Politics and government.