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"Paving Our Ways is the only comprehensive history of the world's pavements, from the earliest human settlements to the present day. It traces the human and social aspects of pavement development and use for general readers, with detailed technical background for students of transport engineering or engineering history and sociology"--
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Investments in road infrastructure as a means for granting access and mobility have been an important part of the World Bank's strategy of fightingpoverty and increasing shared prosperity since its inception. Studies suggest that road infrastructure triggers economic development through reductions in transport and trade costs, which in turn leads to upgraded access to markets and social services (health, education, administrative, leisure); fosters agricultural production; alters production decisions; stimulates off-farm diversification; and catalyzes other income-earning opportunities. As a variate means to different ends, farmers use rural roads to take their produce to markets; workers to travel to their places of employment; tourists to head to their destinations; the pregnant and sick to seek urgent medical attention; children to get to school; transporters to make their deliveries; and families and friends to visit their loved ones. Bridging Africa's infrastructure gap is key to overcoming the continent's development challenges. Road infrastructure is a key component of this effort. Inadequate road infrastructure retards economic growth potential by undermining the export competitiveness of agricultural produce and other manufactured goods; curtails the opportunity for employment and business development; and impedes human development efforts in health and education. World Bank estimates indicate that Africa needs 93 billion dollars a year for its infrastructure sectors, with about two-thirds of it required for new investment in physical infrastructure, and the other third for maintenance and operations. Of this amount, road infrastructure is expected to take up about 18 billion dollars.
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The World Bank has been assisting the Government of Viet Nam (GoVN), through the National Traffic Safety Committee (NTSC), to establish a National Road Safety Observatory (NRSO) for Viet Nam, improve road safety data systems, and update the National Road Safety Strategy and Action Plan for Viet Nam. Input to the updated national strategy observed that there is insufficient attention given to the overall results framework (beyond simply the number of fatalities and serious injuries) that is required to achieve significant and sustainable reductions in serious road trauma. This reflects a need to strengthen both national governance and leadership arrangements for road safety, and road safety data systems (including road crash data systems), which are the focus of this report.
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This edited collection explores the contemporary proliferation of roads in South Asia and the Tibet-Himalaya region, showing how new infrastructures simultaneously create fresh connections and reinforce existing inequalities. Bringing together ethnographic studies on the social politics of road development and new mobilities in 21st-century Asia, it demonstrates that while new roads generate new forms of hierarchy, older forms of hierarchy are remade and re-established in creative and surprising new ways. Focused on South Asia but speaking to more global phenomena, the chapters collectively reveal how road planning, construction and usage routinely yield a simultaneous reinforcement and disruption of social, political, and economic relations.
E-books --- Roads --- Social aspects.
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Roads --- Management. --- Maintenance and repair.
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In many countries around the world, deficiencies in data or data quality impair evidence-based road safety policy making. While many countries collect road safety data, the collection is not necessarily comprehensive. Further, many countries can be unaware of data gaps in their system, which prevents them from soundly analyzing their road safety problems. Therefore, road safety data definitions and collection methods must converge into standard international criteria, thus allowing for comparisons in space - across countries - and in time. This is the raison d'etre of regional road safety observatories, which have been developed, for example, in Latin America (OISEVI), Africa (ARSO), and Asia-Pacific (APRSO). They present an opportunity for joint regional efforts to improve, in a harmonized way, road safety data collection and analysis. Regional road safety observatories promote the adoption of a common set of road safety indicators based on common definitions and serve as an avenue to assist countries in improving the management of their crash data systems.
Mobility --- Roads and Highways --- Transport
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The report provides a detailed assessment of the road sector in Argentina, evaluating the expenditure of public resources in this context and informing possible improvements to the current situation. Given that the information available is limited, the report will mainly focus on the roads classified under the National Network, and will provide recommendations for the provincial and municipal roads when possible. The report starts with an introduction which serves to identify the context of the country and the main issues. This introduction describes the recent volatile financial periods in Argentina, with a macroeconomic context that has experimented several shocks in the recent decades and is currently impacted by the severe depreciation of the national currency and high inflation. This has led to higher transport costs, which are hampering potential growth, commercial exchanges and access to services. In addition, territorial inequalities in the country cause visible differences between regions, also in terms of the road network connectivity and logistics performance. Besides these factors, the road network is also affected by an increasingly more hazardous climate, as extreme natural episodes causing disruptions have been observed more frequently and intensely in Argentina in recent times. To face all these constraints, the Government of Argentina presented an ambitious National Plan over the period 2016-2019, with important public investments in road transport, but with a highly limited private participation due to the macroeconomic context and the lack of enabling policies.
Infrastructure Economics and Finance --- Infrastructure Finance --- Public Sector Development --- Roads --- Roads and Highways --- Rural Development --- Rural Roads and Transport --- Transport
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Roads --- Traffic safety. --- Interchanges and intersections.
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