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The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is currently considering developing market-based measures to meet the objectives of its Initial Strategy on the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions from Ships (Initial IMO GHG Strategy). While market-based measures are to reduce GHG emissions from international shipping as a matter of priority, some types of market-based measures, e.g. carbon levies or a cap-and-trade scheme without free distribution of emissions allowances, can raise significant revenues - thereby enabling an additional set of actions. Strategically using these revenues also appears more favorable than applying exemptions to address important equity considerations. Hence, the study investigates the unique potential of revenue-raising market-based measures to enable an effective and equitable energy transition and explores three questions: What could carbon revenues from international shipping be used for, who could be the recipients of such revenues, and how can adequate management of carbon revenues from international shipping be imagined? The study considers seven main revenue use options, of which some revenue uses appear more aligned with guiding principles of the Initial IMO GHG Strategy and other key desirable features (e.g., ability to deliver greater climate and development outcomes) than others. The analysis also suggests that splitting carbon revenues between the shipping sector and the use outside the sector could be a viable way forward. As primary recipients of carbon revenues, governments appear to be most suitable given the often blurred links between companies and countries in international shipping. However, to maximize climate and development outcomes, a share of carbon revenues may also be channeled to the private sector, including the shipping industry. The report stresses that expertise and experience from existing climate finance funds and international development organizations offering trustee services could be leveraged to inform and operationalize the management of carbon revenues from international shipping and to minimize transaction costs.

Carbon taxes. --- Environmental impact charges.

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In the decade since the publication of the first edition of The Cambridge Handbook of Forensic Psychology, the field has expanded into areas such as social work and education, while maintaining the interest of criminal justice researchers and policy makers. This new edition provides cutting-edge and comprehensive coverage of the key theoretical perspectives, assessment methods, and interventions in forensic psychology. The chapters address substantive topics such as acquisitive crime, domestic violence, mass murder, and sexual violence, while also exploring emerging areas of research such as the expansion of cybercrime, particularly child sexual exploitation, as well as aspects of terrorism and radicalisation. Reflecting the global reach of forensic psychology and its wide range of perspectives, the international team of contributors emphasise diversity and cross-reference between adults, adolescents, and children to deliver a contemporary picture of the discipline.

Forensic psychology. --- Juridical psychology --- Juristic psychology --- Legal psychology --- Psychology, Forensic --- Forensic sciences --- Psychology, Applied

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"Rape: Challenging Contemporary Thinking - 10 years on takes stock of current thinking and research about rape and the way it is handled in practice within the criminal justice system, as well as challenging some of the widely held but inaccurate beliefs about rape. The second edition of Rape Challenging Contemporary Thinking - 10 years on, is not a traditional new edition, although it does provide updated versions of substantive issues covered in the first edition. Bringing the book to the cutting edge, it incorporates both old and new contexts where sexual exploitation takes place identifying some knowledge gaps especially when considering voices of complainants/victims/survivors who are invisible or muted. numerous new areas of research including the implications arising from #MeToo and Black Lives Matter movements, the limitations of our present criminal justice systems, and radical alternatives to closing the justice gap. The new book reflects the global reach of research and thinking about rape, including more international coverage, with material for the India, US, Canada, Australia and New Zealand as well as the UK. In order to learn from our shared history in this field and two authors reflect on their careers and other authors were encouraged others to move away from conventional academic formats to convey their stories. Bringing together leading researchers in the field from psychology, sociology and law, considering new research and presenting new data from a strong theoretical and contextual base, the chapters are provocative and engage in innovative thinking, whilst remaining grounded in the available evidence. This book is essential reading for students of criminology, forensic psychology, sociology, criminal justice, law, media studies and women's/gender studies. It also aims to inform professionals engaged in the investigation, prosecution of rape, support and preventative services"--

Rape.

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Coastal systems are unique environments that provide socioeconomic benefits via a variety of different functions. These functions are influenced by changing morphology, which results from erosion and sedimentation at different spatiotemporal scales, from both natural forcing and human interventions. Additionally, interactions between coastal processes and coastal engineering works leads to both positive and negative impacts. These dynamics are expected to continually change with flood and erosion hazards increasing in the future due to changes in sea level rise and wave climate, and the acceleration of anthropogenic effects. Understanding the forcing factors, natural morphodynamic evolution, and response to potential future scenarios will help coastal policy makers to define suitable adaptation strategies and to assure the sustainable use of coastal systems, which allows us to further enjoy the numerous socioeconomic and environmental benefits.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- XBeach --- morphology --- morphodynamics --- reef --- storm --- current jets --- Western Australia --- wetland --- salt marsh --- degradation --- satellite time series --- self-organisation --- morphodynamic feedback --- geospatial --- shingle beach --- coastal catch-up --- longshore transport --- marsh cliff erosion --- overwash --- overtopping --- barrier stability --- back barrier marsh --- Barrier Inertia --- Delft3D --- long-term --- two-channel --- dune erosion --- land-based biomass --- dune vegetation --- model scaling --- large-scale --- field experiments --- nature-based solutions --- sand trapping fences --- dune toe volume changes --- foredune recovery --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- cliff retreat --- littoral sediment --- sediment budget --- coastal protection --- sediment-starved environment --- Baltic Sea --- wave impacts --- sea level rise --- macro-tidal coast --- SWAN --- numerical modelling --- sand net device --- Authie estuary --- meandering river --- erosion --- sedimentation --- roller dynamics --- storm erosion --- n/a

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Social sciences (general) --- Sociology --- Law