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A comprehensive photographic guide to the gull species of the Western PalearcticGulls occupy a particularly important place in the world of birds. But because they are notoriously difficult to identify, they have long been ignored in the ornithological literature. Gulls of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East offers the most up-to-date guide for gull identification in Europe and beyond. With a direct and visual approach, and an exhaustive abundance of beautiful color photographs, this book provides thorough accounts of all species and subspecies of gulls found in the Western Palearctic. The guide compares similar taxa and addresses the complexities of identifying hybrids. Gulls of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East will be the standard work for identifying these birds for some time to come.Richly illustrated with nearly 1400 color photographsThorough accounts of all species and subspecies of gulls found in the Western PalearcticUp-to-date information for easy and accurate identification of 45 species

Gulls. --- Middle East. --- Europe. --- Africa. --- African Great Lakes. --- Algeria. --- Alula. --- American herring gull. --- Armenian gull. --- Atlantic Europe. --- Baffin Island. --- Baltic Sea. --- Baltic region. --- Beak. --- Black-headed gull. --- Black-legged kittiwake. --- British Isles. --- Brown-headed gull. --- Cameroon. --- Canary Islands. --- Caspian Sea. --- Caspian gull. --- Central and Eastern Europe. --- Chukchi Sea. --- Commander Islands. --- Common gull. --- Davis Strait. --- East Africa. --- East Siberian Sea. --- Eastern Canada. --- Ethiopia. --- European Russia. --- European herring gull. --- Far East. --- Flight feather. --- Franklin's gull. --- Glaucous gull. --- Glaucous-winged gull. --- Glaucous. --- Great black-backed gull. --- Grey gull. --- Grey-headed gull. --- Guinea-Bissau. --- Gulf of Aqaba. --- Gulf of Suez. --- Gull wing. --- Gull. --- Heuglin's gull. --- Iceland gull. --- Iceland. --- Indian Ocean. --- Ivory gull. --- Kamchatka Peninsula. --- Kelp gull. --- Kenya. --- Kittiwake. --- Kumlien's gull. --- Kuril Islands. --- Labrador Sea. --- Larus. --- Laughing gull. --- Lesser black-backed gull. --- Little gull. --- Maghreb. --- Mediterranean Basin. --- Mediterranean Sea. --- Mediterranean gull. --- North Africa. --- North America. --- Northern Europe. --- Northwestern Europe. --- Pacific Ocean. --- Pallas's gull. --- Phalarope. --- Piebald. --- Plumage. --- Pomarine skua. --- Pribilof Islands. --- Red Sea. --- Relict gull. --- Ring-billed gull. --- Ross's gull. --- Sabine's gull. --- Scandinavian Peninsula. --- Scapular. --- Slaty-backed gull. --- Slender-billed gull. --- Sooty gull. --- South America. --- Southern Africa. --- Southern Europe. --- Southern Hemisphere. --- St. Matthew Island. --- Sub-Saharan Africa. --- Thayer's gull. --- Tunisia. --- United Arab Emirates. --- Vega gull. --- Western Palaearctic. --- Western gull. --- White-eyed gull. --- Wrangel Island. --- Yellow-legged gull.