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This book, written by 12 authors, asks: Who governed the Nordic towns from c. 1500 to 1800? The book is inspired by pivotal studies undertaken by Finn-Einar Eliassen in the late 1990s concerning the progression of family dynasties in ruling several small towns in Norway from c. 1600-1800. Eliassen ascertained that 8-10 small Norwegian towns happened to be dominated by two-three families in economic, social, political and administrative matters. He maintained that ownership of the very ground upon which the town was built came to define a privatized lordship, not only in Norway but also in various peripheries in central and northern Europe. Our investigations explore quite opposite patterns. The Norwegian landlords more effectively dominated their towns - compared with landlords in Danish, Finnish, and Baltic towns - by actually living and working there, and due to their vast engagement in lumber trade and shipping. In other parts of the Nordic region the landlords normally did not reside in the towns or get involved in business in the town district. However, they possessed other types of power and authority. Finally, we assert that the paths to power and wealth in privatized monopoly towns lay in the establishment of social networks, the ownership of strategic land estates in connection with trade, industry and transport, and, above all, controlling the credit system that bound the peasants and other social groups to supply their masters with labour, lumber, agricultural products, and so on. However, the power of the dynasties had obvious limitations. Denne boka kretser rundt spørsmålet om hvem som styrte de nordiske byene ca. 1500-1800. Boka - skrevet av tolv forfattere - er inspirert av Finn-Einar Eliassens pionerarbeid fra 1990-årene om familiedynastier i norske byer. Eliassen kom fram til at åtte-ti norske småbyer i perioden 1600-1800 ble dominert av to-tre familier økonomisk, sosialt, politisk, administrativt og kulturelt, noe han mener også har vært mønstre i periferier i Nord- og Sentral-Europa. Kilden til makt lå i det å eie bygrunnen. Våre undersøkelser viser andre mønstre. De norske godseierbyene ca. 1500-1800 skilte seg ut fra tilsvarende byer i resten av Norden på flere måter. I Norge kom byherrene til å styre og dominere mer, de var sterkt involvert i næringsvirksomheten, og de bodde i byene. I resten av Norden ble godseierbyene preget av andre økonomiske eliter og av at godseierne ikke residerte i byene. På den andre siden hadde danske, svenske og finske godseiere andre maktmuligheter enn de norske. Samtidig avdekker våre funn at det å eie grunnen ofte ikke var hovedkilden til makt og rikdom i en by. Dynastier og eliter fant ressursene i sosiale nettverk og strategisk eierskap i næringer og kredittsystemer. Like viktig var det at byherrenes makt i Norden på flere måter var begrenset.

Social change --- History. --- Scandinavia

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This book, written by 12 authors, asks: Who governed the Nordic towns from c. 1500 to 1800? The book is inspired by pivotal studies undertaken by Finn-Einar Eliassen in the late 1990s concerning the progression of family dynasties in ruling several small towns in Norway from c. 1600-1800. Eliassen ascertained that 8-10 small Norwegian towns happened to be dominated by two-three families in economic, social, political and administrative matters. He maintained that ownership of the very ground upon which the town was built came to define a privatized lordship, not only in Norway but also in various peripheries in central and northern Europe. Our investigations explore quite opposite patterns. The Norwegian landlords more effectively dominated their towns - compared with landlords in Danish, Finnish, and Baltic towns - by actually living and working there, and due to their vast engagement in lumber trade and shipping. In other parts of the Nordic region the landlords normally did not reside in the towns or get involved in business in the town district. However, they possessed other types of power and authority. Finally, we assert that the paths to power and wealth in privatized monopoly towns lay in the establishment of social networks, the ownership of strategic land estates in connection with trade, industry and transport, and, above all, controlling the credit system that bound the peasants and other social groups to supply their masters with labour, lumber, agricultural products, and so on. However, the power of the dynasties had obvious limitations. Denne boka kretser rundt spørsmålet om hvem som styrte de nordiske byene ca. 1500-1800. Boka - skrevet av tolv forfattere - er inspirert av Finn-Einar Eliassens pionerarbeid fra 1990-årene om familiedynastier i norske byer. Eliassen kom fram til at åtte-ti norske småbyer i perioden 1600-1800 ble dominert av to-tre familier økonomisk, sosialt, politisk, administrativt og kulturelt, noe han mener også har vært mønstre i periferier i Nord- og Sentral-Europa. Kilden til makt lå i det å eie bygrunnen. Våre undersøkelser viser andre mønstre. De norske godseierbyene ca. 1500-1800 skilte seg ut fra tilsvarende byer i resten av Norden på flere måter. I Norge kom byherrene til å styre og dominere mer, de var sterkt involvert i næringsvirksomheten, og de bodde i byene. I resten av Norden ble godseierbyene preget av andre økonomiske eliter og av at godseierne ikke residerte i byene. På den andre siden hadde danske, svenske og finske godseiere andre maktmuligheter enn de norske. Samtidig avdekker våre funn at det å eie grunnen ofte ikke var hovedkilden til makt og rikdom i en by. Dynastier og eliter fant ressursene i sosiale nettverk og strategisk eierskap i næringer og kredittsystemer. Like viktig var det at byherrenes makt i Norden på flere måter var begrenset.

Social change --- History. --- Scandinavia

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Political systems --- Scandinavia and Iceland

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"This multidisciplinary book unpacks and outlines the contested roles of nationalism and democracy in the formation and transformation of welfare-state institutions and ideologies. At a time when neo-liberal, post-national and nationalist visions alike have challenged democratic welfare nationalism, the book offers a transnational historical perspective to the political dynamics of current changes. While particularly focusing on Nordic countries, often seen as the quintessential 'models' of the welfare state, the book collectively sheds light on the 'history of the present' of nation states bearing the character of a welfare state. Initial chapters discuss the contested roles and meanings of democracy in the formation of the so-called 'Nordic model' of welfare, exploring its development in connection with rhetorical de-ideologization during and after the Cold War and with concerns about global development. Contributors further examine the ways in which national welfare states and their democratic dimensions are reshaped in the context of post-national regulation regimes of globalized and financialized capitalism. In the final chapters, the book explores the implications of welfare nationalism for cross-border mobility, analysing paradoxes and inherent tensions at the heart of contemporary migration politics. The analyses point to the integral role of nationalism in the formation of the democratic welfare states, as well as in the present-day goals of national competitiveness and security. Providing key theoretical insights for the study of welfare nationalism, this book is essential reading for scholars, researchers and students of the social and political sciences who are interested in the enduring transformation of the welfare state, and particularly those investigating the emergence and growth of the Nordic model. Policymakers and practitioners will also benefit from this multi-layered, empirical account of contemporary policy problems"--

Social policy --- Political systems --- National movements --- Scandinavia and Iceland --- Welfare state - Scandinavia --- Nationalism - Economic aspects - Scandinavia

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Although there is no overt ideological battle in the twenty-first century, citizens in every latitude register growing dissatisfaction with the results delivered by their governments. In the West they increasingly turn to populist forces to seek an easy respite to the frustration caused by the failures of democracy. Other models of governance, such as China's 'autocratic capitalism', rest on technocratic command and control methods that are disdained in the West but whose global appeal is growing mostly due to their perceived ability to deliver. No matter how and where they are practised, these alternatives seem to offer only partial and unsatisfactory answers to increasingly complex questions of governance. In a world ravaged by pandemics and climate crises, migration flows and cyberwars, rigid rule-making imparted from above or populist over-simplifications brewing from below can only represent the extremes of a more sophisticated picture of governing processes.

In this book, Fabrizio Tassinari seeks to rediscover the methods, practices and limits of good governance. By taking inspiration from the Nordic region, where democratic governance has delivered some of its most impressive feats, he shows that populism and technocracy are not the causes of our political malaise; they represent skewed by-products of the most basic instincts in our body politic. They need not be suppressed but channelled and reconciled in our practices of governing.

Democracy. --- 2000-2099 --- Scandinavia --- Scandinavie --- Scandinavia. --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- Democracy --- Political sociology