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"Denis Crouzet imprime sa marque de chercheur et d'historien depuis les années 1990. Sa thèse monumentale, Les Guerriers de Dieu. La violence au temps des troubles de religion, publiée en 1990, a renouvelé la compréhension de la Réforme et des guerres de Religion. Ses analyses novatrices ont restitué au XVIe siècle sa complexité. La Renaissance est devenue sous sa plume un temps d'angoisse et de violence, éclairé par moments des rêves de paix et de tolérance, et animé de grandes figures dont il a proposé une approche novatrice: Catherine de Médicis, Michel de L'Hospital, Calvin, Charles Quint, Nostradamus, Christoph Colomb. Les articles de ce volume de mélanges, composé par les nombreux amis et élèves de Denis Crouzet qui souhaitaient lui rendre hommage et le remercier, évoquent la figure de cet historien à l'magination sans limites, ainsi que l'histoire des pouvoirs, des croyances, des conflits et des confrontations interconfessionnelles. Ils présentent aussi des analyses de quelques points centraux de sa pensée - la question de la psychanalyse en histoire, la réflexion sur le statut des acteurs - , mais aussi de la réception de ses ouvrages, en particulier dans le monde anglo-saxon. Tout comme l'oeuvre de Denis Crouzet, complexe mais fascinante, ce livre marquera une étape importante dans l'historiographie des Temps dits modernes, dont on sait aujourd'hui qu'ils ont été traversés par des tensions d'une force inédite"--Back cover.

Seizième siècle. --- Renaissance. --- Violence --- Histoire des mentalités --- Crouzet, Denis, --- France --- Sixteenth century. --- Europe --- History --- Civilization

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Under the Skin investigates the role of cross-cultural body modification in seventeenth-century and eighteenth-century North America, revealing that the practices of tattooing and scalping were crucial to interactions between Natives and newcomers. These permanent and painful marks could act as signs of alliance or signs of conflict, producing a complex bodily archive of cross-cultural entanglement.Indigenous body modification practices were adopted and transformed by colonial powers, making tattooing and scalping key forms of cultural and political contestation in early America. Although these bodily practices were quite distinct—one a painful but generally voluntary sign of accomplishment and affiliation, the other a violent assault on life and identity—they were linked by growing colonial perceptions that both were crucial elements of “Nativeness.” Tracing the transformation of concepts of bodily integrity, personal and collective identities, and the sources of human difference, Under the Skin investigates both the lived physical experience and the contested metaphorical power of early American bodies.Struggling for power on battlefields, in diplomatic gatherings, and in intellectual exchanges, Native Americans and Anglo-Americans found their physical appearances dramatically altered by their interactions with one another. Contested ideas about the nature of human and societal difference translated into altered appearances for many early Americans. In turn, scars and symbols on skin prompted an outpouring of stories as people debated the meaning of such marks. Perhaps paradoxically, individuals with culturally ambiguous or hybrid appearances prompted increasing efforts to insist on permanent bodily identity. By the late eighteenth century, ideas about the body, phenotype, and culture were increasingly articulated in concepts of race. Yet even as the interpretations assigned to inscribed flesh shifted, fascination with marked bodies remained.

Indians of North America --- Scalping --- Tattooing --- Social life and customs. --- Social aspects --- History --- United States --- Civilization --- Native American indigenous history. --- adoption. --- alliance. --- battle. --- belonging. --- body modification. --- bounties. --- colonial history. --- cross cultural. --- identity. --- pain. --- race. --- ritual. --- scalping. --- settler. --- seventeenth eighteenth century. --- sixteenth century. --- story. --- survivor. --- tattooing. --- violence. --- war.

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Conservation of painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes requires a deep knowledge of both the materials themselves and the supports and the interaction phenomena occurring among them. Superficial treatments, operations, and materials adopted during the conservation intervention can modify the complex system of existing interactions. Therefore, it is fundamental to predict possible induced changes of the chemical-physical properties of the systems. This Special Issue aims at contributing to the definition of the state-of-the-art in the approach to conservation problems of painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes. In particular, the topic of interest includes but is not limited to: Methodological approaches for the conservation treatments of the painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes; Analytical tools and protocols for the validation of the treatment efficacy and recognizability; Analytical tools for the characterization of surface materials and their decay processes; New materials and treatments.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Materials science --- Maya blue --- wall paintings --- sixteenth century --- palygorskite --- X-ray fluorescence --- X-ray diffraction --- paintings --- metal soaps --- natural resins --- varnishes --- smalt --- shellac --- copper alloys --- UV-induced fluorescence --- FTIR spectroscopy --- eddy current --- UV imaging --- artificial ageing --- non-invasive characterization --- polychromy --- polychrome stone statue --- adhesion and cohesion products --- conservation of pictorial films on stone --- violin --- XRF --- FTIR --- reflection infrared spectroscopy --- 3D scan --- stratigraphy --- varnish --- musical instrument --- 14th century --- wood-carved --- microscopy --- Raman --- SEM-EDX --- materials --- pigments --- laser cleaning --- Er:YAG laser --- efficacy evaluation --- Manet --- painting --- portrait --- woman --- 19th century --- extenders --- original materials --- later alterations --- cultural heritage --- conservation --- wooden sculpture --- ancient Egyptian --- ancient Egyptian painting materials --- cleaning treatment --- water based systems --- poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels --- archaeometry --- n/a

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Conservation of painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes requires a deep knowledge of both the materials themselves and the supports and the interaction phenomena occurring among them. Superficial treatments, operations, and materials adopted during the conservation intervention can modify the complex system of existing interactions. Therefore, it is fundamental to predict possible induced changes of the chemical-physical properties of the systems. This Special Issue aims at contributing to the definition of the state-of-the-art in the approach to conservation problems of painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes. In particular, the topic of interest includes but is not limited to: Methodological approaches for the conservation treatments of the painted surfaces, metal leaves, and finishes; Analytical tools and protocols for the validation of the treatment efficacy and recognizability; Analytical tools for the characterization of surface materials and their decay processes; New materials and treatments.

Maya blue --- wall paintings --- sixteenth century --- palygorskite --- X-ray fluorescence --- X-ray diffraction --- paintings --- metal soaps --- natural resins --- varnishes --- smalt --- shellac --- copper alloys --- UV-induced fluorescence --- FTIR spectroscopy --- eddy current --- UV imaging --- artificial ageing --- non-invasive characterization --- polychromy --- polychrome stone statue --- adhesion and cohesion products --- conservation of pictorial films on stone --- violin --- XRF --- FTIR --- reflection infrared spectroscopy --- 3D scan --- stratigraphy --- varnish --- musical instrument --- 14th century --- wood-carved --- microscopy --- Raman --- SEM-EDX --- materials --- pigments --- laser cleaning --- Er:YAG laser --- efficacy evaluation --- Manet --- painting --- portrait --- woman --- 19th century --- extenders --- original materials --- later alterations --- cultural heritage --- conservation --- wooden sculpture --- ancient Egyptian --- ancient Egyptian painting materials --- cleaning treatment --- water based systems --- poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels --- archaeometry --- n/a