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Complementary to scattering techniques, scanning tunnelling microscopy provides atomic-scale real space information about a material's electronic state of matter. State-of-the-art designs of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) allow measurements at millikelvin temperatures with unprecedented energy resolution. Therefore, this instrument excels in probing the superconducting state at low temperatures and especially its local quasiparticle excitations as well as bosonic degrees of freedom.

Microscopes. --- Superconductivity.

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In this Special Issue, we have a great collection of 11 outstanding articles that have been published. This Special Issue presents the recent progress on emerging low-dimensional materials and could encourage their future investigations. We hope that both researchers and the community in general can benefit from the outcomes of this Special Issue reprint.

Superconductivity. --- Superconductivity --- Electric conductivity --- Critical currents --- Superfluidity

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Nuclear Superfluidity is an advanced text devoted exclusively to pair correlations in nuclei. It begins by exploring pair correlations in a variety of systems including superconductivity in metals at low temperatures and superfluidity in liquid 3He and in neutron stars. The book goes on to introduce basic theoretical methods, symmetry breaking and symmetry restoration in finite many-body systems. The last four chapters are devoted to introducing results on the role of induced interactions in the structure of both normal and exotic nuclei. The most important of these is the renormalization of the pairing interaction due to the coupling of pairs of nucleons to low energy nuclear collective excitations. This book will be essential reading for researchers and students in both experimental and theoretical nuclear physics, and related research fields such as metal clusters, fullerenes and quantum dots.

Superconductivity. --- Pairing correlations (Nuclear physics) --- Superfluidity.

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The discovery of room-temperature, ambient pressure superconductivity could have enormous technological impacts for our society. This thesis goal is to develop an open quantum system approach to studying superconductors in hope to enhance them by dissipation engineering.

Open quantum systems --- Superconductivity --- Markovian master equation --- Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre > Physique

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This book provides a pedagogical introduction to the concepts and methods of quantum field theory necessary for the study of condensed matter and ultracold atomic gases. After a thorough discussion of the basic methods of field theory and many-body physics (functional integrals, perturbation theory, Feynman diagrams, correlation functions and linear response theory, symmetries and their consequences, etc.), the book covers a wide range of topics, from electron gas and Fermi-liquid theory to superfluidity and superconductivity, magnetic instabilities in electron systems, and dynamical mean-field theory of Mott transition. The focus is on the study of model Hamiltonians, where the microscopic physics and characteristic energy scales are encoded into a few effective parameters, rather than first-principle methods which start from a realistic Hamiltonian at the microscopic level and then make material-specific predictions. The reader is expected to be familiar with elementary quantum mechanics and statistical physics, and some acquaintance with condensed-matter physics and ultracold gases may also be useful. No prior knowledge of field theory or many-body problem is required.

Cold gases. --- Condensed matter. --- Quantum field theory. --- Superconductivity. --- Superfluidity. --- Gaz. --- Basses températures. --- Matière condensée. --- Théorie quantique des champs. --- Superfluidité. --- Supraconductivité.