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The circular economy has become a priority in recent decades as policy makers seek to facilitate a transition from linear production systems to closed systems that reuse resources, reduce energy consumption and avoid the exploitation of nonrenewable resources. This regional gap analysis reveals several important trends. Key among them is a rapid rate of increase. Plastic consumption in the WACA region was estimated at 7.9 million tons in 2021; at current growth rates, this could increase to 12 million tons by 2026. The WACA region relies heavily on imported plastic-related goods from sources outside the region, such as Asia. Nigeria was found to be both the largest producer of plastic products and the biggest importer of plastic parts and products, in addition to being the WACA region's only producer of virgin plastic resin. Other notable major producers of plastics in the WACA region include Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire. The plastic landscape investigation included a spatial analysis of plastic waste generation across the WACA region. This revealed varying rates of national annual plastic generation. The spatial analysis work also led to the identification of 71 plastic waste generation hotspots across the WACA region, with a concentration in Nigeria. The plastic market analysis revealed that the three industry sectors (construction, plastic packaging, and fisheries) represented 78 percent of total plastic consumption in 2021. By 2026, the three sectors' business-as-usual plastic consumption is expected to reach 9.5 million tons, with per capita plastic waste growing from 12.5 kilograms (kg) to 17.3 kg. The largest plastics consumer of the three sectors is plastic packaging, followed by construction. The plastic packaging sector could focus on new, circular economy business models over the next five years. In this sector, plastic waste recovery and avoidance/reuse/recycling of between 2.2 and 4 million tons of plastic in a "pragmatic" 1 circular scenario would reduce CO 2 emissions between 41 and 53 percent (3.6-6.7 million tons CO 2 emissions). In the construction industry, in a pragmatic circular scenario plastic avoidance would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.1 and 0.3 million tons, and plastic waste recovery would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.1 and 0.2 million tons. Finally, in the fisheries sector, plastic avoidance under the pragmatic circular scenario would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.03 and 0.05 million tons, and plastic waste recovery would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.04 and 0.07 million tons. New circular business models can motivate these three sectors to reuse and extend the life span of plastic materials.

Circular economy. --- West Africa.

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The African continent is home to numerous outstanding textile traditions, many dating to antiquity and all playing a multifaceted role in their respective societies: these eye-catching fabrics proclaim wealth and status, convey symbolic meanings, and of course serve a practical function in garments both ordinary and exceptional. This magnificent book conveys the amazing diversity of African textiles, from the geometric-patterned kente cloths of Ghana, to the multicolor raffia skirts of the Democratic Republic of Congo, to the beaded barkcloths once reserved for Ugandan royalty.

The authors, all leading experts in the field, examine each region of sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar in turn, elucidating the aesthetic qualities, cultural significance, and production methods of the most important textile traditions. Their authoritative text is illustrated with over 300 superlative textiles from public and private collections, many reproduced as full-page plates that allow the reader to appreciate each individual fiber.

This impressive clothbound volume will be a key reference for students and scholars, an essential sourcebook for designers, and a delight for all art lovers.

Manufacturing technologies --- Applied arts. Arts and crafts --- textielkunst --- textiel --- East Africa --- West Africa --- Central Africa --- Madagascar

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"Concrete City: Material Flows and Urbanisation in West Africa delivers a theoretically informed, ethnographic exploration of the African urban world through concrete. Emblematic of frenetic and capitalistic urban development, this pervasive material is shaping contemporary urban landscapes and societies across West Africa and transforming the region's links to the world. Concrete stands and circulates at the heart of major financial investments, political powers, and environmental debates. As a result, it has come to epitomize values of modernity and success, and has redefined social practices, forms of dwelling, and popular imaginaries. The book invites readers to follow bags of cement as they travel from industrial production plants to construction sites along the 1000-kilometer urban corridor that links Abidjan to Accra, Lome̹, Cotonou and Lagos. This cement traverses the lives of industrial tycoons, entrepreneurs and political stakeholders, as well as the ordinary men and women who plan, build, and dream of the Concrete City. In this innovative exploration of the urban life of concrete, Armelle Choplin delivers an incisive reflection on the material limits to the world's sustainable urban future."--

Urbanization --- Cement industries --- Cement --- Social aspects --- Economic aspects --- Social geography --- Economic geography --- West Africa

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Examines African debates on captivity, legal and illegal enslavement, and religious and ethnic identity in the era of West African jihads.

West Africa --- Ransom --- Slavery and Islam --- Muslims --- Islamic law --- History. --- Religious aspects --- Islam. --- Intellectual life. --- Africa, West

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"As the U.S. population ages, and as health care needs become more complex, demand for paid care workers in home and institutional settings has increased. This book draws attention to the reserve of immigrant labor that is called upon to meet this need. Migrants Who Care tells the little-known story of a group of English-speaking West African immigrants who have become central to the U.S. health and long-term care systems. With high human capital and middle-class pre-migration backgrounds, these immigrants - hailing from countries as diverse as Cameroon, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Nigeria, and Liberia - encounter blocked opportunities in the U.S labor market. They then work in the United States, as home health aides, certified nursing assistants, qualified disability support professionals, and licensed practical and registered nurses. This book reveals the global, political, social, and economic factors that have facilitated the entry of West African women and men into the health care labor force (home and institutional care for older adults and individuals with physical and intellectual disabilities; and skilled nursing). It highlights these immigrants' role as labor brokers who tap into their local ethnic and immigrant communities to channel co-ethnics to meet this labor demand. It illustrates how West African care workers understand their work across various occupational settings and segments in the health care industry. This book reveals the transformative processes migrants undergo as they become produced, repackaged, and deployed as health care workers after migration. Ultimately, this book tells the very real and human story of an immigrant group surmounting tremendous obstacles to carve out a labor market niche in health care, providing some of the most essential and intimate aspects of care labor to the most vulnerable members of society"--

Medical personnel, Foreign. --- health care, elderly care, end of life care, demographic shift, west Africa, West African migration, migration, immigration, emmigration, skilled nursing, nursing, CNA, LPN, care giver, nationality, ethnicity, race, identity, gender, racism, sociology, africana studies.