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Exploring debt's permutations in Middle English texts, Anne Schuurman makes the bold claim that the capitalist spirit has its roots in Christian penitential theology. Her argument challenges the longstanding belief that faith and theological doctrine in the Middle Ages were inimical to the development of market economies, showing that the same idea of debt is in fact intrinsic to both. The double penitential-financial meaning of debt, and the spiritual paradoxes it creates, is a linchpin of scholastic and vernacular theology, and of the imaginative literature of late medieval England. Focusing on the doubleness of debt, this book traces the dynamic by which the Christian ascetic ideal, in its rejection of material profit and wealth acquisition, ends up producing precisely what it condemns. This title is part of the Flip it Open Programme and may also be available Open Access. Check our website Cambridge Core for details.
English literature --- Debt in literature. --- Penance in literature. --- Theology in literature. --- Economics in literature. --- History and criticism. --- Debt in literature --- Economics in literature --- Penance in literature --- Theology in literature --- 1100-1500 --- Middle English --- Old English literature --- History of the United Kingdom and Ireland --- anno 1200-1499
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A consideration of the allegory of Christ the Divine Physician in medical and religious writings. Discourses of physical and spiritual health were intricately entwined in the Middle Ages, shaping intellectual concepts as well as actual treatment. The allegory of Christ as Divine Physician is an example of this intersection: it appears frequently in both medical and religious writings as a powerful figure of healing and salvation, and was invoked by dissidents and reformists in religious controversies.Drawing on previously unexplored manuscript material, this book examines the use of the Christus Medicus tradition during a period of religious turbulence. Via an interdisciplinary analysis of literature, sermons, and medical texts, it shows that Wycliffites in England and Hussites in Bohemia used concepts developed in hospital settings to press for increased lay access to Scripture and the sacraments against the strictures of the Church hierarchy. Tracing a story of reform and controversy from localised institutional contexts to two of the most important pan-European councils of the fifteenth century, Constance and Basel, it argues that at a point when the body of the Church was strained by multiple popes, heretics and schismatics, the allegory came into increasing use to restore health and order.
Lord's Supper --- Medicine --- HISTORY / Medieval. --- Ambrose. --- Ancrene Wisse. --- Arnaldus de Villa Nova. --- Augustine. --- Avicenna. --- Catholic Concordance. --- Christ the Physician. --- Christological Studies. --- City of London. --- Councils. --- Dietrich of Niem. --- General Councils of Latin Christendom. --- Guillaume de Deguileville. --- Latin Sermon Collections. --- Medieval Medicine. --- Middle English Translation. --- Nicholas of Cusa. --- Pope Francis. --- Religious and Philosophical Instruction. --- Saint Benedict's Rule for Monasteries. --- Surgery of Theodoric. --- Tabule staré. --- The Lollard Bible. --- Wycliffite Commentary. --- History --- Religious aspects --- Christianity.
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