TY - BOOK ID - 134137688 TI - Determinants and Social Dividends of Digital Adoption AU - Kumar, Utkarsh. AU - Amaglobeli, David. AU - Moszoro, Mariano. PY - 2023 PB - Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, DB - UniCat KW - Macroeconomics KW - Economics: General KW - Labor KW - Women''s Studies' KW - Foreign Exchange KW - Telecommunications KW - Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities KW - Redistributive Effects KW - Environmental Taxes and Subsidies KW - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General KW - Labor Standards: Labor Force Composition KW - Education: General KW - Aggregate Factor Income Distribution KW - Economics of Gender KW - Non-labor Discrimination KW - Economic & financial crises & disasters KW - Economics of specific sectors KW - Labour KW - income economics KW - Education KW - Gender studies KW - women & girls KW - Currency KW - Foreign exchange KW - Labor force participation KW - Income KW - National accounts KW - Women KW - Gender KW - Purchasing power parity KW - Currency crises KW - Informal sector KW - Economics KW - Labor market KW - Colombia UR - https://www.unicat.be/uniCat?func=search&query=sysid:134137688 AB - We identify key drivers of digital adoption, estimate fiscal costs to provide internet subsidies to households, and calculate social dividends from digital adoption. Using cross-country panel regressions and machine learning, we find that digital infrastructure coverage, internet price, and usability are the most statistically robust predictors of internet use in the short run. Based on estimates from a model of demand for internet, we find that demand is most price responsive in low-income developing countries and almost unresponsive in advanced economies. We estimate that moving low-income developing and emerging market economies to the levels of digital adoption in emerging and advanced economies, respectively, will require annual targeted subsidies of 1.8 and 0.05 percent of GDP, respectively. To aid with subsidy targeting, we use microdata from over 150 countries and document a digital divide by gender, socio-economic status, and demographics. Finally, we find substantial aggregate and distributional gains from digital adoption for education quality, time spent doing unpaid work, and labor force participation by gender. ER -