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This book illuminates and sharpens moral theory, by analyzing the evolutionary dynamics of interpersonal relations in a variety of games. We discover that successful players in evolutionary games operate as if following this piece of normative advice: Don't do unto others without their consent. From this advice, some significant implications for moral theory follow. First, we cannot view morality as a categorical imperative. Secondly, we cannot hope to offer rational justification for adopting moral advice. This is where Glaucon and Adeimantus went astray: they wanted a proof of the benefits of morality in every single case. That is not possible. Moral constraint is a bad bet taken in and of itself. But there is some good news: moral constraint is a good bet when examined statistically.

Contractarianism (Ethics) --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Ethics. --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Contractarian theory (Ethics) --- Contractarianism, Moral --- Moral contractarianism

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Evolution and Human Culture argues that values, beliefs, and practices are expressions of individual and shared moral sentiments. Much of our cultural production stems from what in early hominins was a caring tendency, both the care to share and a self-care to challenge others. Topics cover prehistory, mind, biology, morality, comparative primatology, art, and aesthetics. The book is valuable to students and scholars in the arts, including moral philosophers, who would benefit from reading about scientific developments that impact their fields. For biologists and social scientists the book provides a window into how scientific research contributes to understanding the arts and humanities. The take-home point is that culture does not transcend nature; rather, culture is an evolved moral behavior.

Ethics, Evolutionary --- Culture. --- Cognition --- Aesthetics --- Morale évolutive --- Culture --- Esthétique --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Cognition. --- Aesthetics. --- Radio broadcasting Aesthetics --- Psychology --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Social aspects

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Ethics, Evolutionary --- Sociobiology --- Congresses --- Philosophy --- Morals. --- -Sociobiology --- -#SBIB:316.21H42 --- Biologism --- Human biology --- Human evolution --- Psychology, Comparative --- Social evolution --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Morality --- Retrospective Moral Judgment --- -Congresses --- Theoretische sociologie: sociobiologie --- Social aspects --- Morals --- #SBIB:316.21H42 --- Philosophy&delete&

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Can virtuous behavior be explained by nature, and not by human rational choice? "It's the animal in us," we often hear when we've been bad. But why not when we're good? Primates and Philosophers tackles this question by exploring the biological foundations of one of humanity's most valued traits: morality. In this provocative book, renowned primatologist Frans de Waal argues that modern-day evolutionary biology takes far too dim a view of the natural world, emphasizing our "selfish" genes and reinforcing our habit of labeling ethical behavior as humane and the less civilized as animalistic. Seeking the origin of human morality not in evolution but in human culture, science insists that we are moral by choice, not by nature. Citing remarkable evidence based on his extensive research of primate behavior, de Waal attacks "Veneer Theory," which posits morality as a thin overlay on an otherwise nasty nature. He explains how we evolved from a long line of animals that care for the weak and build cooperation with reciprocal transactions. Drawing on Darwin, recent scientific advances, and his extensive research of primate behavior, de Waal demonstrates a strong continuity between human and animal behavior. He probes issues such as anthropomorphism and human responsibilities toward animals. His compelling account of how human morality evolved out of mammalian society will fascinate anyone who has ever wondered about the origins and reach of human goodness. Based on the Tanner Lectures de Waal delivered at Princeton University's Center for Human Values in 2004, Primates and Philosophers includes responses by the philosophers Peter Singer, Christine M. Korsgaard, and Philip Kitcher and the science writer Robert Wright. They press de Waal to clarify the differences between humans and other animals, yielding a lively debate that will fascinate all those who wonder about the origins and reach of human goodness.

Altruistic behavior in animals. --- Morale évolutive --- Altruisme chez les animaux --- Morale évolutive --- Altruistic behavior in animals --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Primates --- Helping behavior in animals --- Altruism --- Animal behavior --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Behavior --- General ethics --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Behavior. --- Moeurs et comportement

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Much attention has been devoted in recent years to the question of whether our moral principles can be related to our biological nature. This collection of new essays focuses on the connections between biology, in particular evolutionary biology, and foundational questions in ethics. The book asks, for example, whether humans are innately selfish and whether there are particular facets of human nature that bear directly on social practices. The volume is organized historically, beginning with Aristotle and covering such major figures as Hume and Darwin down to the present and the work of Harvard sociobiologist E.O. Wilson. It is one of the first efforts to provide historical perspective on the relationships between biology and ethics, and it has been written by some of the leading figures in the history and philosophy of science, authors whose work is very much at the cutting edge of these disciplines.

Philosophy of nature --- Philosophy of science --- General ethics --- Biology --- Bio-ethiek --- Bioethics --- Biology--Moral and ethical aspects --- Biomedical ethics --- Bioéthique --- Ethics [Evolutionary ] --- Ethics [Naturalistic ] --- Ethiek in biologie --- Ethique en biologie --- Ethique évolutionniste --- Evolutionary ethics --- Evolutionisme in de ethiek --- Evolutionistische ethiek --- Evolutionnisme en éthique --- Life sciences ethics --- Life sciences--Moral and ethical aspects --- Naturalistic ethics --- Bioethics. --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Morale évolutive --- evolutietheorie (darwinisme) --- biologie(biologische aspecten) --- ethiek (ethische aspecten) --- geschiedenis (historische aspecten) --- théorie de l'évolution (darwinisme) --- biologie(aspects biologiques) --- ethique (aspects ethiques) --- histoire (aspects historiques) --- Bioéthique --- Morale évolutive --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Life sciences --- Science --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy