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Konflikte im moralischen Urteil gibt es zwischen Moralphilosophien, zwischen Kulturen, Personen und selbst innerhalb eines einzelnen Bewusstseins. Die moderne Forschung aus verschiedensten Fachbereichen zeigt, dass unser moralischer Sinn dabei offenbar keiner einheitlichen Logik folgt. Menschen unterscheiden ihre Beziehungen gemäß dreier Kategorien: "Interaktion", "Identität" und "Intimität". Jede einzelne lässt sich als eine evolutionäre Anpassung verstehen. Die Meta-Kategorie "Universalität" entsteht dagegen wohl nur unter günstigen Bedingungen und als ein evolutionäres Nebenprodukt. Urteile darüber "was man tun soll" und "was man nicht tun darf" erweisen sich in diesem Kontext als abhängig vom Beziehungstyp und Konflikte im Urteil sind in einer sozialen Welt systembedingt.Das Modell einer "Beziehungstypischen Ethik", das auf dieser evolvierten Psychologie basiert, bietet somit die Grundlage für ein besseres Verständnis der gesamten menschlichen Ethik einschließlich der Moralphilosophien. Daneben bietet die Arbeit eine für die deutschsprachige Literatur bislang einzigartige Einführung in die Neue Synthese der Evolutionstheorie, sowie einen neuartigen Ansatz für den gelingenden Dialog zwischen Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften.

Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism

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Evolution and Human Culture argues that values, beliefs, and practices are expressions of individual and shared moral sentiments. Much of our cultural production stems from what in early hominins was a caring tendency, both the care to share and a self-care to challenge others. Topics cover prehistory, mind, biology, morality, comparative primatology, art, and aesthetics. The book is valuable to students and scholars in the arts, including moral philosophers, who would benefit from reading about scientific developments that impact their fields. For biologists and social scientists the book provides a window into how scientific research contributes to understanding the arts and humanities. The take-home point is that culture does not transcend nature; rather, culture is an evolved moral behavior.

Ethics, Evolutionary --- Culture. --- Cognition --- Aesthetics --- Morale évolutive --- Culture --- Esthétique --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Cognition. --- Aesthetics. --- Radio broadcasting Aesthetics --- Psychology --- Cultural sociology --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Social aspects

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This interdisciplinary collection presents novel theories, includes provocative re-workings of longstanding arguments, and offers a healthy cross-pollination of ideas to the morality literature. Structures, functions, and content of morality are reconsidered as cultural, religious, and political components are added to the standard biological/environmental mix. Innovative concepts such as the Periodic Table of Ethics and evidence for morality in non-human species illuminate areas for further discussion and research. And some of the book’s contributors question premises we hold dear, such as morality as a product of reason, the existence of moral truths, and the motto “life is good.”  Highlights of the coverage:  The tripartite theory of Machiavellian morality: judgment, influence, and conscience as distinct moral adaptations. Prosocial morality from a biological, cultural, and developmental perspective. The containment problem and the evolutionary debunking of morality. A comparative perspective on the evolution of moral behavior. A moral guide to depravity: religiously-motivated violence and sexual selection. Game theory and the strategic logic of moral intuitions. The Evolution of Morality makes a stimulating supplementary text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in the evolutionary sciences, particularly in psychology, biology, anthropology, sociology, political science, religious studies, and philosophy.

;. --- Social Change --- Sociology & Social History --- Social Sciences --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Consciousness. --- Personality and Social Psychology. --- Apperception --- Mind and body --- Perception --- Philosophy --- Psychology --- Spirit --- Self --- Personality. --- Social psychology. --- Mass psychology --- Psychology, Social --- Human ecology --- Social groups --- Sociology --- Personal identity --- Personality psychology --- Personality theory --- Personality traits --- Personology --- Traits, Personality --- Individuality --- Persons --- Temperament