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Cote d'Ivoire : Competitiveness, Cocoa, and the Real Exchange Rate
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Year: 2007 Publisher: Washington, D.C., The World Bank,

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This paper explores competitiveness of Cote d'Ivoire's economy over a long period of 1960-2003 and its link with cocoa prices. The main conclusions are as follows. First, using four measures of real effective exchange rate (REER) for the 1960-2002 period, we track the evolution of REER and conclude, inter alia, that until 2003, REER remained well below its 1994 level. Second, we find that based on our measure of the multilateral REER with dynamic weights, which covers most recorded trade, France no longer dominates Cote d'Ivoire's trade. Instead, Cote d'Ivoire has diversified its set of trading partners. Unfortunately, it has also specialized in one export product, raw cocoa. This paper aims to contribute to the question to what extent do cocoa prices affect Cote d'Ivoire's competitiveness in world trade? Third, the answer to this question is that cocoa prices are an important determinant of Cote d'Ivoire's competitiveness. Similar to the case of a classic "Dutch Disease," increases in the real world price of a "natural resource" (i.e., cocoa) tend to result in the appreciation of the CFA franc and a loss in competitiveness. Econometric tests further confirm that 1994 was a "break-point" not only for growth and productivity (as documented in the two related papers) but also for trade competitiveness. Recent productivity per worker trends versus wages also seem to indicate slow growth in 1996-2000, without major improvement in competitiveness.


Book
Complexiteit in organisaties : een raamwerk voor het management
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9043003549 9789043003544 Year: 2001 Publisher: Amsterdam Pearson Education


Periodical
Reflets et perspectives de la vie économique.
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ISSN: 17821509 00342971 Year: 1961 Publisher: Bruxelles, Recherche et diffusion économiques.

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The journal Reflets et perspectivesde la vie économique is dedicated to political economy in the broadest sense. It focuses on Belgium while including European and international perspectives. At the intersection between theory and reality, the journal aims to be both high quality and open to the more general public, from corporations to the worlds of academics, politics, government, and associations. This quarterly journal publishes a set of articles organized around a theme, as well as individual articles and book reviews.


Periodical
Annales de l'inséé
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ISSN: 00718785 Year: 1985 Publisher: Paris : Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques,


Book
Excellent ondernemen : de noodzaak tot een strategie van transformatie
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ISBN: 9043005312 9789043005319 Year: 2001 Publisher: Amsterdam Pearson Education


Book
De verzorgingsstaat : bestuurlijk een chaos?
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ISBN: 9014029403 Year: 1980 Publisher: Alphen aan den Rijn Samsom

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Keywords

Social policy --- Delivery of Health Care --- Economics. --- Social Welfare --- 351.84 <492> <063> --- welvaart en welzijn --- congressen --- nederland --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- economics. --- Sociaal zekerheidsrecht. Sociaal bestuursrecht. R.S.Z.--(sociale verzekering zie {369})--Nederland--Congressen --- prosperite et bien etre --- congres --- pays bas --- Public welfare --- DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE, economics --- ECONOMICS --- SOCIAL WELFARE, economics --- 351.84 <492> <063> Sociaal zekerheidsrecht. Sociaal bestuursrecht. R.S.Z.--(sociale verzekering zie {369})--Nederland--Congressen --- Delivery of health care, economics --- Economics --- Social welfare, economics --- economics


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Managing effectively in the world marketplace
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ISBN: 0471876836 9780471876830 Year: 1983 Publisher: New York (N.Y.): Wiley

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Keywords

Firms and enterprises --- International business enterprises --- Corporations, American --- Management --- Commerce. --- Economics. --- -Business enterprises, International --- Corporations, International --- Global corporations --- International corporations --- MNEs (International business enterprises) --- Multinational corporations --- Multinational enterprises --- Transnational corporations --- Business enterprises --- Corporations --- Joint ventures --- Capital --- Conditions, Economic --- Consumption --- Cost of Living --- Easterlin Hypothesis --- Economic Conditions --- Economic Factors --- Economic Policies --- Economic Policy --- Economics, Home --- Factors, Economic --- Home Economics --- Household Consumption --- Macroeconomic Factors --- Microeconomic Factors --- Policies, Economic --- Policy, Economic --- Production --- Remittances --- Utility Theory --- Consumer Price Index --- Condition, Economic --- Consumer Price Indices --- Consumption, Household --- Economic Condition --- Economic Factor --- Factor, Economic --- Factor, Macroeconomic --- Factor, Microeconomic --- Factors, Macroeconomic --- Factors, Microeconomic --- Household Consumptions --- Hypothesis, Easterlin --- Index, Consumer Price --- Indices, Consumer Price --- Living Cost --- Living Costs --- Remittance --- Theories, Utility --- Theory, Utility --- Utility Theories --- Commercial Sector --- Prices --- Sales --- Vendors --- Business --- Businesses --- Commerces --- Commercial Sectors --- Price --- Sale --- Sector, Commercial --- Sectors, Commercial --- Vendor --- Industry --- Ethics, Business --- -Management --- Commerce --- Economics --- American corporations --- International business enterprises - Management --- Corporations, American - Management

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