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For any neuronal cell type, axons are unique neuronal output elements that display very heterogeneous patterns with respect to shape, length, and target structure. New Aspects of Axonal Structure and Function summarizes recent findings covering morphological, physiological, developmental, computational, and pathophysiological aspects of axons. The book covers new findings concerning axonal structure and functions together with their implications for signal transduction in the nervous system. The book also describes the processes implicated in the formation of axonal arbors and the transport of subcellular elements to their targets. Finally, New Aspects of Axonal Structure and Function also shows how a dysfunction in one or several of these steps could lead to axonal degeneration and ultimately to neurodegenerative diseases. New Aspects of Axonal Structure and Function can be used as a reference for neuroscientists, neurophysiologists, neuroanatomists, computational neuroscientists, cellular neuroscientists, as well as Ph.D. students in various neuroscience programs. About the Editors: Dirk Feldmeyer was born in Dortmund, Germany and studied Biology and German literature and linguistics at the Ruhr-University in Bochum where he received his Ph.D. in 1987. In 2001, he obtained a postdoctoral fellowship in the Dept. of Pharmacology, University College London. He joined the Dept. of Cell Physiology, at the Max Planck Institute of Medical Research in 1995 and in 2004 became independent group leader at the Institute of Medicine, Research Centre Jülich. In 2008 he was appointed to a professorship on "Function of Cortical Microcircuits" in the Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Germany. His research interests are neuronal microcircuits in the neocortex, their development and modulation. Joachim H.R. Lübke was born on November 4, 1956 in Gelsenkirchen and trained as a biological-technical assistant. He studied biology at the Georg-August University of Göttingen and did his Ph.D. at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry (Head: Prof. Otto-Detlev Creutzfeld). From 1991-1993 he was a postdoctoral fellow of the Royal Society at the Dept. of Human Anatomy (Head: Prof. Ray Guillery) of the University of Oxford. From there he moved as a "von Helmholtz" fellow of the German ministry of Education and Research to the Institute of Anatomy at the Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg (Head: Prof. Michael Frotscher). In 1997 he received the Wolfgang-Bargmann prize of the German Anatomical Society. He did his "habilitation" in anatomy and neuroanatomy in 1999 and was appointed assistant professor at the Department of Anatomy of the University of Freiburg in 2000. In 2003 he was appointed to group leader position at the Institute of Medicine, Research Centre Jülich. He was appointed professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf. In 2008 he was also appointed to a Professorship on "Structure of Cortical Functional Units" at the Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Germany.
Axons. --- Axons --- Cell Surface Extensions --- Nerve Fibers --- Neurons --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Cells --- Cellular Structures --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Nervous System --- Anatomy --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Physiology --- Zoology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Neurology --- Neuroscience --- Animal Anatomy & Embryology --- Neurons. --- Nerve cells --- Neurocytes --- Nerve axons --- Medicine. --- Neurosciences. --- Neurobiology. --- Biomedicine. --- Nervous system --- Neurosciences --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Medical sciences
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The fourth, completely revised edition of this classic reference and textbook presents a cohesive and up-to-date exposition of the concepts, results, and problems underlying theory and practice in human and medical genetics. In the 10 years since the appearance of the third edition, many new insights have emerged for understanding the genetic basis of development and function in human health and disease. Human genetics, with its emphasis on molecular concepts and techniques, has become a key discipline in medicine and the biomedical sciences. The fourth edition has been extensively expanded by new chapters on timely topics such as epigenetics, pharmacogenetics, gene therapy, cloning, and genetic epidemiology, and databases for basic and clinical genetics. In addition a multi/chapter section giving an overview on the main model organisms (mouse, dog, worm, fly, fish) used in human genetics research has been introduced. This book will be of interest to human and medical geneticists, scientists in all biomedical sciences, physicians and epidemiologists, as well as to graduate and postgraduate students who desire to learn the fundamentals of this fascinating field.
Genetics, Medical. --- Human genetics. --- Human genetics --- Medicine --- Biology --- Health Occupations --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Genetics, Medical --- Genetics --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pathology --- Genetics. --- Medicine. --- Biomedicine. --- Human Genetics. --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Xenética humana
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Cancer genetics has revolutionized the practice of medicine as inherited genetic information helps predicts which individuals are at risk of developing various forms of cancer. Furthermore, somatically acquired genetic changes help identify therapeutic targets for patients with several common tumor types such as breast and colon cancer. Cancer Genetics reviews seminal discoveries such as genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer, ethical issues related to cancer genetics, the role of common variants in the development of breast cancer, novel genetic findings related to neuroblastoma, and the role of constitutively decreased TGF-beta signaling, which is emerging as one of the most common causes of colorectal cancer. The book has been written for all clinicians and researchers interested in cancer genetics, including oncologists, genetic counselors and cancer researchers both in academia and in industry. "Genetic alterations are a fundamental component of all cancers. This text highlights critical issues relevant for both basic scientists and clinicians. Recognized thought leaders in the field discuss current knowledge and future challenges." - Steven T. Rosen, M.D., Series Editor.
Cancer -- Genetic aspects. --- Cancer. --- Neoplasms -- genetics. --- Cancer --- Genetics --- Neoplasms --- Diseases --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Oncology --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetic aspects --- Genetic aspects. --- Cancer genetics --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Human genetics. --- Oncology. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Cancer Research. --- Human Genetics. --- Cancer genes --- Oncology . --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Tumors --- Cancer research
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Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes had been traditionally studied in the context of cell proliferation, differentiation, senescence, and survival, four relatively cell-autonomous processes. Consequently, in the late ‘80s-mid ‘90s, neoplastic growth was described largely as a net imbalance between cell accumulation and loss, brought about through mutations in cancer genes. In the last ten years, a more holistic understanding of cancer slowly emerged, stressing the importance of interactions between neoplastic and various stromal components: extracellular matrix, basement membranes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells of blood and lymphatic vessels, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, etc . Nevertheless, the commonly held view is that changes in tumor microenvironment are "soft-wired", i.e. epigenetic in nature and often reversible. Yet, there exists a large body of evidence suggesting that well-known mutations in cancer genes profoundly affect tumor milieu. In fact, these cell-extrinsic changes might be one of the primary reasons such mutations are preserved in late-stage tumors. Cancer Genome and Tumor Microenvironment reviews how tumor microenvironment and progression can be "hard-wired", i.e. genetically controlled.
Cancer -- Molecular aspects -- Congresses. --- Molecular Biology -- Methods -- Congresses. --- Neoplasms -- Genetics -- Congresses. --- Tumors --- Genomics --- Cancer --- Biology --- Diseases --- Computational Biology --- Genetics --- Neoplasms --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Medicine --- Oncology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetic aspects --- Immunology --- Carcinogenesis. --- Oncology. --- Oncogenesis --- Pathogenesis of cancer --- Tumorigenesis --- Pathogenesis --- Medicine. --- Cancer research. --- Biomedicine. --- Cancer Research. --- Pathology --- Genetic toxicology --- Oncology . --- Cancer research
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The authors of the most cited neuroscience publication, The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates, have written this introductory textbook for neuroscience students. The text is clear and concise, and offers an excellent introduction to the essential concepts of neuroscience. Based on contemporary neuroscience research rather than old-style medical school neuroanatomy Thorough treatment of motor and sensory systems A detailed chapter on human cerebral cortex The neuroscience of consciousness, memory, emotion, brain injury, and mental
Brain -- Anatomy & histology. --- Brain -- Anatomy. --- Nervous system -- Anatomy & histology. --- Neuroanatomy. --- Anatomy --- Central Nervous System --- Anatomy, Comparative --- Brain --- Nervous System --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Brain. --- Cerebrum --- Mind --- Nerves --- Nervous system --- Central nervous system --- Head --- Neurobiology --- Neuroanatomy
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This book applies methods from nonlinear dynamics to problems in neuroscience. It uses modern mathematical approaches to understand patterns of neuronal activity seen in experiments and models of neuronal behavior. The intended audience is researchers interested in applying mathematics to important problems in neuroscience, and neuroscientists who would like to understand how to create models, as well as the mathematical and computational methods for analyzing them. The authors take a very broad approach and use many different methods to solve and understand complex models of neurons and circuits. They explain and combine numerical, analytical, dynamical systems and perturbation methods to produce a modern approach to the types of model equations that arise in neuroscience. There are extensive chapters on the role of noise, multiple time scales and spatial interactions in generating complex activity patterns found in experiments. The early chapters require little more than basic calculus and some elementary differential equations and can form the core of a computational neuroscience course. Later chapters can be used as a basis for a graduate class and as a source for current research in mathematical neuroscience. The book contains a large number of illustrations, chapter summaries and hundreds of exercises which are motivated by issues that arise in biology, and involve both computation and analysis. Bard Ermentrout is Professor of Computational Biology and Professor of Mathematics at the University of Pittsburgh. David Terman is Professor of Mathematics at the Ohio State University.
Brain -- Models. --- Computational neuroscience. --- Neurosciences -- Mathematics. --- Neurosciences --- Computational neuroscience --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Mathematics --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Biology --- Medicine --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Neuroscience --- Biology - General --- Neurology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Mathematics. --- Computational neurosciences --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neurosciences. --- Neurobiology. --- Biomathematics. --- Mathematical and Computational Biology. --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Math --- Science --- Computational biology
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These essays on a range of topics in the cognitive neurosciences report on the progress in the field over the twenty years of its existence and reflect the many groundbreaking scientific contributions and enduring influence of Michael Gazzaniga, 'the godfather of cognitive neuroscience'.
Cognitive neuroscience -- Congresses. --- Electronic books. -- local. --- Gazzaniga, Michael S. -- Congresses. --- Cognitive neuroscience --- Collected Works --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Mental Processes --- Neurosciences --- Festschrift --- Cognition --- Publication Formats --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Publication Characteristics --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Neuroscience --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Gazzaniga, Michael S. --- Gazzaniga, M. S. --- Gazzaniga, Mike --- NEUROSCIENCE/General --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology
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A survey of the emerging field of neuroethics that calls for a multidisciplinary, pragmatic approach for tackling key issues and improving patient care.
Neurology --- Neurosciences. --- Neurologie --- Neurosciences --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Aspect moral --- SELF-HELP --- General --- Behavior --- Bioethical Issues --- Morals --- Ethics --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Medicine --- Psychology, Social --- Humanities --- Health Occupations --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Philosophy --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Bioethical Issues. --- Morals. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- ethics. --- Ethics. --- Neural sciences --- Neurological sciences --- Neuroscience --- Medical sciences --- Nervous system --- Neuropsychiatry --- Diseases --- PHILOSOPHY/Ethics & Bioethics --- NEUROSCIENCE/General
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In this 3 volume collection focusing on glycomics, readers will appreciate how such discoveries were made and how such methods can be applied for readers' own research efforts Each chapter has been designed so that enough scientific background will be given in each chapter for further development of methods by readers themselves. Useful for all levels of scientists starting from the last years of colleges, graduate students, postdoctoral fellows to professors and to all levels of scientists in research institutes including industry.
Sugars --- Physiological effect. --- Glycoconjugates -- Pathophysiology. --- Glycoconjugates -- Physiological effect. --- Glycoconjugates. --- Glycosylation. --- Sugars -- Physiological effect. --- Carbohydrate Metabolism --- Genomics --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Carbohydrate Biochemistry --- Organic Chemistry Processes --- Biochemistry --- Glycosylation --- Glycomics --- Carbohydrates --- Organic Chemistry Phenomena --- Genetics --- Metabolism --- Chemical Processes --- Biochemical Processes --- Computational Biology --- Chemistry --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Chemical Phenomena --- Biology --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Biochemical Phenomena --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Phenomena and Processes --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Animal Biochemistry --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Glycomics. --- Glycobiology --- Molecular biology
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The 8 recurring volumes of the "Essentials in Ophthalmology" series cover the most recent developments in one of eight subspecialties in Ophthalmology. With four volumes published per year, each subspecialty is newly visited every 24 months, with a distinct focus on recent developments. By bridging the gap between original research and medical textbooks, the transfer of this developing knowledge into daily practice is greatly enhanced.
Eye -- Diseases -- Genetic aspects. --- Neuroophthalmology. --- Pediatric ophthalmology. --- Neuroophthalmology --- Pediatric ophthalmology --- Eye --- Strabismus --- Diagnosis --- Child --- Genetics --- Infant --- Age Groups --- Biology --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Ocular Motility Disorders --- Persons --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Cranial Nerve Diseases --- Eye Diseases --- Named Groups --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Nervous System Diseases --- Diseases --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Ophthalmology & Optometry --- Medicine --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Genetic aspects --- Strabismus. --- Genetic aspects. --- Neuro-ophthalmology --- Heterotropia --- Squint --- Squinting --- Walleye (Ophthalmology) --- Medicine. --- Neurology. --- Ophthalmology. --- Pediatrics. --- Medicine & Public Health. --- Neurology --- Ophthalmology --- Movement disorders